Stoneferry

Stoneferry (archaic Stone-Ferry, or Stone ferry) in is a suburb of Kingston upon Hull, formerly a small hamlet on the east bank of the River Hull, the site of a ferry, and, after 1905, a bridge. The area is primarily industrial, and is situated on the east bank of the river, as well as close by areas on the west bank.

Stoneferry Road (A1033 section) travels south through Stoneferry and Wilmington towards the centre of Hull. Ferry Lane (eastern end of the A1165) runs east for a short distance from Stoneferry bridge to meet Stoneferry Road.

Contents

History

A river crossing at Stoneferry is recorded as early as 1269, being referred to as 'Stanfordrak',[note 1] the name Stoneferry began to be used in the 14th century.[2]

The hamlet originally formed part of the parish of Wawne;[3] it later became part of the parish of Sutton on Hull.[4]

In 1845 a water works was constructed at Stoneferry on the west bank of the river to meet the demands of the town of Hull;[5] a public baths was also built on the site.[note 2] Previously supplies had come from chalk springs near Anlaby. the advice had been sought of Thomas Wicksteed, the engineer, who thought they could not provide sufficient volume, and suggested that water should be taken from the river Hull,[7] at ebb,[note 3] when it was thought the flow of the river would be sufficient to render the water fresh.[8] Initial analyses suggested that the water quality would be very good,[9] but this was found not to be the case, with complaints of poor quality water, with the water being muddy and brackish.[7]

A cholera outbreak occurred in 1849,[8] and sources of a better supply were sought; Thomas Wickstead and others had maintained further water could not be got from the springs near Anlaby. It was William Warden, a local resident of Hessle who claimed that an artesian well in the area would give sufficient supply;[note 4] in the 1860s boreholes were sunk, and the Springhead Pumping Station established; the water from the boreholes was used to supply the Stoneferry water works and water no longer taken from the river; the water supply problem was solved.[7] The initial cost of the Stoneferry waterworks was £58,000 (with two 60 hp steam engines), this eventually rose to £92,808 with two further engines of 170 and 220 hp, and additional water treatment facilities.[6] In the 1890s the pumping station at Stoneferry was replaced by others in Cottingham,[7] the Stoneferry water works was disused by 1910.[10]

During the latter part of the 19th century the area between Hull and Stoneferry began to be developed industrially , and in 1882 Stoneferry became part of the municipal borough of Kingston upon Hull; the industrialisation continued leading to a completely industrial landscape along the river Hull banks and in Stoneferry itself by the 20th century.[4]

Industry

By the 1850s there was a whiting and oil mill in Stoneferry,[4] by 1910 development was continuous along the river Hull banks, consisting of mills for seed oils, whiting, and associated industries such as paint and pigment works, as well as a cement works immediately south of Ferry lane.[11]

In 1884 the Hull based company Reckitt & Sons established a factory at Morley Street to manufacture synthetic Ultramarine.[12] This later became part of Reckitt & Colmann, and was later sold to Yule Catto becoming Holliday Pigments.[13][14] In 2003 it had a capacity of ~9000t p.a.[12] The factory's 141m chimney, the tallest structure in Hull, known as Reckitt's chimney was used to discharge Sulphur dioxide into the atmosphere,[12] a Flue gas desulphurisation plant was installed at the beginning of the 21st century, making the chimney practically obsolete.[15] The plant closed in 2007 due to restructuring.[16]

The cement works was established in 1889 as Hull Portland Cement Co., with rotary kilns first installed in 1903, after several changes of ownership it became part of Earles cement in 1911. Production ended in 1927 due to restructuring at Earles,[17] and the site was used for aggregate storage with wharfside rail mounted cranes, until being redeveloped into a retail trade park Medina Park at the turn of the 21st century.

In 1912 the large Isis Oil Mills was built for Wray, Sanderson & Co.[note 5] (now a listed building).[21]

A short branch off the Hull and Hornsea Railway was built which connected to Stoneferry goods station, as well as the Premier Oil and Cake Mills north of Ferry lane. The line had completely closed by the 1970s.[22]

To the north of the traditionally industrialised area the 243 acres (98 ha) Sutton Fields Industrial Estate was established by the City Council in the 1970s.[23]

Bridges

A bridge at Stoneferry was proposed in the 18th century, but was opposed in Parliament by interested parties in Beverley due to concerns of it blocking the navigable river.[24] In 1905 A swing bridge was built, constructed by the Motherwell Bridge Company.[25][26] The bridge included fittings for a tram tracks - a tramway from Hull to Stoneferry had been partially built but never completed.[27][note 6]

The 1905 swing bridge was replaced by a pair of 'Shadoof' type bascule lifting bridges, authorised in 1987 and built ~13m north of the earlier bridge between 1988 and 1991.[28][29][30]

Geology

There is a outcropping bed of harder rock or other agglomerate in the river bed (which is usually clay, silt and till on the river Hull) near Stoneferry.[31][32]

References

  1. ^ English Place-Name Society, ed. (1937), English Place-Name society, 14, The University Press, pp. lx, 215, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=BXo9AAAAIAAJ 
  2. ^ K.J. Allison, ed. (1969), Communications : Ferries, "A History of the County of York East Riding: Volume 1: The City of Kingston upon Hull", www.british-history.ac.uk: pp. 387–397, http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=66785&strquery=stoneferry#s2 
  3. ^ K.J. Allison, ed. (2002), Middle division: Wawne, "A History of the County of York East Riding: Volume 7: Holderness Wapentake, Middle and North Divisions", www.british-history.ac.uk: pp. 181–204, http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=16145 
  4. ^ a b c K.J. Allison, ed. (1969), Outlying villages: Sutton : Sutton on Hull, "A History of the County of York East Riding: Volume 1: The City of Kingston upon Hull", www.british-history.ac.uk: pp. 470–475, http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=66796 
  5. ^ Ordnance survey map, 1885, 1:10560
  6. ^ a b c James Joseph Sheahan (1864), General and concise history and description of the town and port of Kingston-upon-Hull, Simpkin, Marshall & Co., pp. 528, 539–553, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=oSVTAAAAYAAJ 
  7. ^ a b c d Sources:
  8. ^ a b John Snow (1855), On the mode of communication of cholera, John Churchill, London, pp. 100–101, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=-N0_AAAAcAAJ 
  9. ^ Commissioners for Inquiring into the State of Large Towns and Populous Districts, Walter Francis Montagu-Douglas-Scott Buccleuch (5th Duke of), Walter Francis Scott Buccleuch (1845), "Appendix , Replies by T. Thompson", Appendix - Part II to the Second report of the commissioners for inquiring into the state of large towns and populous districts, William Clowes and Sons for Her Majesty's Stationery Office, pp. 330–332, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=IrBDAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA330#v=onepage&q&f=false 
  10. ^ Ordnance survey, 1910, 1:2500
  11. ^ Ordnance Survey, 1911, 1:10560
  12. ^ a b c "VIRTUAL VISIT : ULTRAMARINE MANUFACTURE AT HOLLIDAY PIGMENTS, HULL : MANUFACTURE IN HULL", www.hull.ac.uk, archived from the original on 27 August 2003, http://web.archive.org/web/20030827070156/http://www.hull.ac.uk/ICI/V_VisitHP/hullplant.html 
  13. ^ "Reckitt & Colman is to sell its specialist pigments", www.icis.com, 4 April 1994, http://www.icis.com/Articles/1994/04/04/35074/reckitt-38-colman-is-to-sell-its-specialist-pigments.html 
  14. ^ "Holliday Pigments Ltd.", investing.businessweek.com (Bloomberg), http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId=46726768Z 
  15. ^ "Open Day at Hull Site, UK", www.holliday-pigments.com (Holliday Pigments), 29 September 2003, http://www.holliday-pigments.com/pigments/website.nsf/258fe0f4c32dcf098025764e00500a61/B6B8B42C8EA8257480256DAB003D697D 
  16. ^ "Historic Industrial Site for Sale as Pigments Company Closes in Re-structure", holliday-pigments.com (Holliday Pigments), 26 November 2007, http://holliday-pigments.com/pigments/website.nsf/NewsArticleDisplay/47EAC713D8BE8C7B8025739F0054FF6D 
  17. ^ Dylan Moore, "Cement Kilns: Stoneferry", www.cementkilns.co.uk, http://www.cementkilns.co.uk/cement_kiln_stoneferry.html 
  18. ^ "Hull History Centre: Online Catalogue", lib3.adir.hull.ac.uk (Hull History Centre): search "Wray Sanderson", http://lib3.adir.hull.ac.uk/dserve/dserve.exe?dsqIni=Dserve.ini&dsqApp=Archive&dsqCmd=Show.tcl&dsqDb=Catalog&dsqPos=42&dsqSearch=%28%28%28text%29%3D%27wray%27%29AND%28%28text%29%3D%27sanderson%27%29%29, "In 1947 Premier Oil Extracting Mills Ltd., amalgamated with Wray, Sanderson & Co. Ltd., to form the Premier Oil and Cake Mills Ltd" 
  19. ^ "United Premier Oil & Cake Co. Ltd. DBPO/1", www.nationalarchives.gov.uk (The National Archives), http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/a2a/records.aspx?cat=049-dbpo&cid=-1#-1, retrieved 12 August 2011 
  20. ^ "Cargill United Kingdom: Hull", www.cargill.co.uk (Cargill), http://www.cargill.co.uk/uk/en/locations/hull/index.jsp, retrieved 12 August 2012 
  21. ^ "Isis Oil Mill Silo, Kingston Upon Hull", www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk (BritishListedBuildings.co.uk), http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-387684-isis-oil-mill-silo-kingston-upon-hull 
  22. ^ Ordnance Survey, 1973-1977, 1:10,000
  23. ^ Director 25 (7-12): 208, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Gr0SAQAAMAAJ 
  24. ^ Baron F. Duckham (1973), "The Inland Waterways of East Yorkshire 1700-1900", www.eylhs.org.uk (East Yorkshire Local History Society): pp. 10–11, http://www.eylhs.org.uk/inland%20waterways.pdf 
  25. ^ K.J. Allison, ed. (1969), Communications : Bridges, "A History of the County of York East Riding: Volume 1: The City of Kingston upon Hull", www.british-history.ac.uk: pp. 387–397, http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=66785&strquery=stoneferry#s3 
  26. ^ "Hull History Centre: Online Catalogue", lib3.adir.hull.ac.uk (Hull History Centre): search result "stoneferry bridge", http://lib3.adir.hull.ac.uk/DServe/dserve.exe?dsqIni=Dserve.ini&dsqApp=Archive&dsqCmd=Show.tcl&dsqDb=Catalog&dsqPos=6&dsqSearch=%28%28%28text%29%3D%27stoneferry%27%29AND%28%28text%29%3D%27bridge%27%29%29 
  27. ^ a b Paul Morfitt (2008), "Kingston Upon Hull Corporation Transport : A Brief History", www.hullcitytransport.co.uk, http://www.hullcitytransport.co.uk/id1.html 
  28. ^ "The County Council of Humberside (Stoneferry Bridge, Kingston Upon Hull) Scheme 1987 Confirmation Instrument 1987", www.legislation.gov.uk (The National Archives), 1987, http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1987/2084/contents/made 
  29. ^ "Stoneferry Bridge", en.structurae.de (Nicholas Janberg's Structurae), http://en.structurae.de/structures/data/index.cfm?id=s0013305 
  30. ^ Rod Berrieman, Six 'buses and a tramway to nowhere / a social history of Kingston upon Hull's first municipal 'bus service, Hull College local history unit 
  31. ^ "River Hull Flood Risk Management Strategy consultation comments and responses", www.environment-agency.gov.uk (Environment Agency): Section references: H7, H41, H47, March 2011, http://www.environment-agency.gov.uk/static/documents/Leisure/Hull_strategy_consultation_responses.pdf, retrieved 12 August 2011 
  32. ^ Hull and Coastal Streams Catchment Flood Management Plan Consultation and River Hull Flood Risj Management Strategy Consultation, East Riding of Yorkshire Council, 20 July 2010, section 3.6, http://www.eastriding.gov.uk/public_reports/TheCabinet/20July2010/Hull%20and%20Coastal%20Streams%20Catchment%20Flood%20Management%20Plan%20Consultation%20and%20River%20Hull%20Flood%20Risk%20Management%20Strategy%20Consultation.pdf 

Notes

  1. ^ It has been suggested that the name Stanfordrak is misplaced, and refers to the mouth of the river Hull on the Humber Estuary.[1]
  2. ^ The baths were supplied with hot water from the steam engines used to pump the water.[6]
  3. ^ The river Hull is tidal far beyond Stoneferry
  4. ^ He had previously had success supplying water to the railway at Hessle from wells.[6]
  5. ^ Wray Sanderson & Co., in 1947 became part of the conglomerate Premier Oil and Cake Mills,[18] acquired by Croda in 1967,[19] acquired by Cargil in 1985 from Croda Premier Oils.[20]
  6. ^ Tracks across the bridge could have connected via Clough Road to the tram system in west Hull at Beverley Road/Cottingham Road junction, though this route was never formally approved.[27]

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