Sporophila
Sporophila is a genus of Neotropical birds in the Thraupidae family. The seed finches are sometimes also included in this genus.[1]
They are relatively small with stubby, conical bills adapted for feeding on seeds and alike. Most species are strongly sexually dimorphic, and while "typical" adult males often are distinctive, female and immatures of both sexes can be very difficult (in some species virtually impossible) to identify to exact species.[2] Females of at least some of these species have different ultraviolet colours, which can be seen by birds, but not humans.[3] Female-like (paedomorphic) males apparently also occur, at least in some species.[4]
Species
There are more than 30 species of Sporophila:
- Buffy-fronted Seedeater, Sporophila frontalis
- Temminck's Seedeater, Sporophila falcirostris
- Slate-colored Seedeater, Sporophila schistacea
- Plumbeous Seedeater, Sporophila plumbea
- Caqueta Seedeater, Sporophila murallae
- Gray Seedeater, Sporophila intermedia
- Wing-barred Seedeater, Sporophila americana
- Variable Seedeater, Sporophila corvina
- White-collared Seedeater, Sporophila torqueola
- Rusty-collared Seedeater, Sporophila collaris
- Lesson's Seedeater, Sporophila bouvronides
- Lined Seedeater, Sporophila lineola
- Black-and-white Seedeater, Sporophila luctuosa
- Yellow-bellied Seedeater, Sporophila nigricollis
- Dubois' Seedeater, Sporophila ardesiaca – possibly a subspecies or color morph of S. nigricollis
- Hooded Seedeater, Sporophila melanops – possibly extinct (20th century?), a hybrid or a color morph of S. nigricollis
- Double-collared Seedeater, Sporophila caerulescens
- White-throated Seedeater, Sporophila albogularis
- Drab Seedeater, Sporophila simplex
- White-bellied Seedeater, Sporophila leucoptera
- Parrot-billed Seedeater, Sporophila peruviana
- Black-and-tawny Seedeater, Sporophila nigrorufa
- Capped Seedeater, Sporophila bouvreuil
- Ruddy-breasted Seedeater, Sporophila minuta
- Tawny-bellied Seedeater, Sporophila hypoxantha
- Dark-throated Seedeater, Sporophila ruficollis
- Marsh Seedeater, Sporophila palustris
- Chestnut-bellied Seedeater, Sporophila castaneiventris
- Gray-and-chestnut Seedeater, Sporophila hypochroma
- Chestnut Seedeater, Sporophila cinnamomea
- Narosky's Seedeater, Sporophila zelichi – probably a color morph of the Marsh Seedeater
- Black-bellied Seedeater, Sporophila melanogaster
- Chestnut-throated Seedeater, Sporophila telasco – the "Tumaco Seedeater" is a stereotyped hybrid between this species and S. minuta
References
- ^ South American Classification Committee (2007). Incluir el género Oryzoborus dentro de Sporophila. Accessed 19 January 2010.
- ^ Ridgely, R. S., & G. Tudor (1989). The Birds of South America. Vol. 1. Univ. Texas Press, Austin
- ^ Benites, P., Eaton, M. D., Lijtmaer, D. A., Lougheed, S. C. & Tubaro, P. L. (2010). Analysis from avian visual perspective reveals plumage colour differences among females of capuchino seedeaters (Sporophila). J. Avian Biology. 41: 597–602.
- ^ Areta, J. I. (2009). Paedomorphosis in Sporophila seedeaters. Bull. B.O.C. 2009 129(2): 98-103.
- Lijtmaer, D. A., N. M. Sharpe, P. L. Tubaro & S. C. Lougheed. 2004. Molecular phylogenetics and diversification of the genus Sporophila (Aves: Passeriformes). Mol. Philo. Evol. 33:562-579.
- Robbins, M. B., M. J. Braun, C. J. Huddleston, D. W. Finch, & C. M. Milensky (2005). First Guyana records, natural history, and systematics of the White-winged Seedeater (Dolospingus fringilloides). Ibis 147:334-341.