Soga Ryōjin (曽我 量深, 1875-1971) was an influential thinker in the Higashi Honganji Jōdo Shinshū Buddhist tradition, and a President of Otani University. A disciple of Kiyozawa Manshi he developed an approach to Jōdo Shinshū doctrine that at times brought him into serious conflict with more conservative elements of the tradition. Later his legacy would be re-evaluated.
Soga Ryōjin developed a subjective and personal approach to Jōdo Shinshū studies, building on the thought of Kiyozawa Manshi, which he summarised in the words; "We do not believe in Buddha or God because they actually exist; they exist because we believe in them". However he was always extremely careful to differentiate the Jōdo Shinshū perspective from the 'Pure Land as mind alone' doctrine found in some Pure Land and Zen schools:
"Those who believe in “self-power” proundly boast, “I am Tathagata!” Those of other Pure Land sects vainly lament this life, saying, “The Tathagata is the Tathagata.” We [Jodo Shinshu followers] are surprised by the wonderous meaning of “the Tathagata is me.” At the same time, we are aware that ultimately, I am me and not Tathagata.”"[1]