| Serpukhov (English) Серпухов (Russian) |
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Location of Moscow Oblast in Russia |
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Serpukhov
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| Administrative status | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Moscow Oblast |
| Municipal status | |
| Urban okrug | Serpukhov Urban Okrug |
| Mayor | Pavel Zalesov |
| Statistics | |
| Area | 32.6 km2 (12.6 sq mi) |
| Population (2010 Census, preliminary) |
126,496 inhabitants[1] |
| - Rank in 2010 | 129th |
| Population (2002 Census) | 131,097 inhabitants[2] |
| - Rank in 2002 | 126th |
| Density | 3,880 /km2 (10,000 /sq mi)[3] |
| Time zone | MSD (UTC+04:00)[4] |
| Founded | 1339 |
| Postal code(s) | 142200 |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 4967 |
| Official website | |
Serpukhov (Russian: Се́рпухов) is a city in Moscow Oblast, Russia, which is situated at the confluence of the Oka and the Nara Rivers. It is located 99 kilometers (62 mi) south from Moscow on the Moscow—Simferopol highway. The Moscow—Tula railway passes through the town. Population: 126,496 (2010 Census preliminary results);[1] 131,097 (2002 Census);[2] 143,618 (1989 Census).[5]
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Serpukhov was established in 1339 to protect the southern approaches to Moscow. Two years later it was made a seat of the powerful princedom ruled by a cousin and close associate of Dmitry Donskoy, Vladimir of Serpukhov. Town status was granted to it in 1374. The princedom continued until 1456, when the last prince escaped to Lithuania. The town frequently fell prey to the hordes of Toqtamysh, Crimean Tatars, and other steppe conquerors. It was necessary to protect it with a stone citadel, or kremlin, which was completed by 1556 as part of the Great Abatis Belt.
The citadel commands a steep hill where the small Serpeyka River enters the Nara. However, during the 19th century, parts of the citadel were demolished by the town's inhabitants, who used its limestone for their private residences. Even now the vast majority of basements in nearby houses are built from this material. In the kremlin, the chief monument is the Trinity cathedral, built in 1696 in Moscow baroque style.
The Vysotsky Monastery features a cathedral and refectory dating from the late 16th century, as well as the miracle-working icon Inexhaustible Chalice. Another important cloister is called Vladychny, with the Presentation cathedral and a tent-like St. George's church, both erected during Boris Godunov's reign. The latter monastery is named after the honorary title of Russian bishops, as it was founded by the holy metropolitan Alexis in 1360.
In modern times, Serpukhov has become a local industrial center with textile, mechanical engineering, furniture and paper-producing industries. The SeAZ factory produces the Lada Oka microcar since the 1980s. The Prioksko-Terrasny Nature Reserve sprawls within 12 kilometers (7.5 mi) from the city.
The city is linked by trains to Moscow and Tula and is on the M2 highway between Moscow and the Crimea. There are also river boat services along the Oka river.
Serpukhov is home to the Serpukhov Historical and Art Museum and the Serpukhov art Gallery. The city is home to the Serpukhov Military Academy of Missile troops and branches of several Moscow based universities.
The city soccer team FC Zvezda Serpukhov plays in the Russian second division.
Serpukhov is twinned with:
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