| Sjenica Сјеница |
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|---|---|---|---|
| — Municipality and Town — | |||
| Sjenica Mosque | |||
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| Location of the municipality of Sjenica within Serbia | |||
| Coordinates: | |||
| Country | Serbia | ||
| District | Zlatibor | ||
| Settlements | 101 | ||
| Government | |||
| • Mayor | Muriz Turković | ||
| Area[1] | |||
| • Municipality | 1,059 km2 (408.9 sq mi) | ||
| Population (2011 census)[2] | |||
| • Town | 13,056 | ||
| • Municipality | 25,448 | ||
| Time zone | CET (UTC+1) | ||
| • Summer (DST) | CEST (UTC+2) | ||
| Postal code | 36310 | ||
| Area code | +381 20 | ||
| Car plates | SJ | ||
Sjenica (Serbian Cyrillic: Сјеница; pronounced [sjɛ̌nitsa]), is a town and municipality in the Zlatibor District of Serbia. The population of the town, according to 2011 census, is 13,056 inhabitants, while the municipality has 25,448.
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It's an old town firstly mentioned in 1253 as a place where many merchants rested and paid taxes while going to Dubrovnik. Voivode Stefan Vasoje, the son of King Stefan Konstantin (r. 1321-1322), received Sjenica as an appanage by Emperor Dušan the Mighty. In the years of Ottoman Empire reign, the town was used as a fortified site. On a nearby hill the Ottomans built a fortress which was demolished later. Next to the fortress, there was a merchants' quarter and some wooden residence houses. Because of its strategical, political and military significance in 19th century, Sjenica was considered as a high priority spot and therefore many military campaigns during the First Serbian Uprising were led its way. Soon afterwards, a new turmoil came to the region with resistance movement against Sultan Mahmud II's reforms.
During World War II the SS und Polizei Selbschutz Regiment or Kampfgruppe Krempler of SS Standartenführer and SS-und Polizeiführer Karl von Krempler was stationed here.
In 1991, the population of the municipality of Sjenica was composed of:
In 2002, the population of the municipality was composed of:
Note: Most of those who in 1991 census declared themselves as Muslims by nationality, in the next census in 2002 part declared themselves as Bosniaks, while some of them still declared themselves as a Muslims by nationality.
Sjenica is located at an altitude of 1,038 meters above sea level, making it one of highest towns in the Balkans. Temperatures fall below freezing on average 134 days per year, with the first freeze in late September and the last in early May.
| Climate data for Sjenica, Serbia | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 12 (54) |
13 (55) |
20 (68) |
23 (73) |
26 (79) |
29 (84) |
33 (91) |
31 (88) |
30 (86) |
25 (77) |
19 (66) |
16 (61) |
33 (91) |
| Average high °C (°F) | 0 (32) |
1 (34) |
5 (41) |
10 (50) |
15 (59) |
17 (63) |
21 (70) |
21 (70) |
18 (64) |
13 (55) |
6 (43) |
0 (32) |
11 (52) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −7 (19) |
−6 (21) |
−2 (28) |
2 (36) |
6 (43) |
8 (46) |
10 (50) |
10 (50) |
7 (45) |
3 (37) |
−1 (30) |
−6 (21) |
2 (36) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −35 (−31) |
−29 (−20) |
−19 (−2) |
−10 (14) |
−3 (27) |
0 (32) |
2 (36) |
2 (36) |
−3 (27) |
−10 (14) |
−17 (1) |
−25 (−13) |
−35 (−31) |
| Avg. precipitation days | 15 | 17 | 17 | 16 | 15 | 13 | 8 | 8 | 10 | 11 | 16 | 16 | 162 |
| Source: http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather.php3?s=96331&refer=&units=metric | |||||||||||||