The Schipdonk Canal (French: Canal de Schipdonk or Dérivation de la Lys. Dutch: Schipdonkkanaal or Afleidingskanaal van de Leie) is a canal in the Belgian province of West Flanders. With a length of 56 km (35 mi), the canal runs in a northerly direction from Deinze, turning to a north-western direction roughly halfway along its route to the North Sea with which it meets on the coast near to Heist. . It crosses both the Gent-Bruges Canal and for its final 20 km (12 mi) runs parallel with the Leopold Canal as it approaches the north Belgian coast. For most of this final section the two canals are separated only by a dyke.
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The digging of this canal took place between 1846 and 1860. [1] Along with the Leopold Canal it was one of the first major infrastructure projects following the creation of an independent Belgium.
In the middle part of the nineteenth century the economy of the Courtrai region was dominated by the textile industry, with the emphasis on linen. The industry was the cause of heavy pollution which affected the Lys River. In order to divert the polluted water from the centre of Gent, it was decided to cut the Schipdonk Canal which transported the pollution more diretly to the North Sea, avoiding Gent in the process. A further benefit from the canal involved protecting Gent against the periodic flooding to which it had been subject. The third significant benefit was that the canal provided a relatively direct route for water transport from the industrially active Cortrai district to the North Sea.
The Schipdonk Canal is sometimes known as De Stinker (the stinker) as a result of its traditionally polluted condition. This also contrasts with the condition of the Leopold Canal, sometimes known as De Blinker / Le Brillant, recalling its relatively clear water.
Over virtually the full length of the canal the paths beside it are maintained as cycle paths. Together with the Gent-Bruges Canal, the Schipdonk Canal is also used for recreational boat trips.