Saddle surface

A saddle surface is a smooth surface containing one or more saddle points. The term derives from the peculiar shape of historical horse saddles, which curve both up and down.

Classical examples of two-dimensional saddle surfaces in the Euclidean space are second order surfaces, the hyperbolic paraboloid (which is often referred to as the saddle surface or "the standard saddle surface") and hyperboloid of one sheet.

Saddle surfaces have negative Gaussian curvature which distinguish them from convex/elliptical surfaces which have positive Gaussian curvature. A classical third-order saddle surface is the monkey saddle. The Pringles potato chip or crisp is an everyday example of a hyperbolic paraboloid shape.

Ph.D. thesis of Grigori Perelman was devoted to saddle surfaces, its title is "Saddle surfaces in Euclidean spaces".^[1]

References

• Hilbert, David; Cohn-Vossen, Stephan (1952). Geometry and the Imagination (2nd ed.). Chelsea. ISBN 0-8284-1087-9.