| X60 | |
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X60 commuter train at Stockholm Central Station |
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Östgötatrafiken X61 driving cab |
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| Manufacturer | Alstom |
| Family name | Coradia |
| Constructed | 2005-08 |
| Formation | 6 cars |
| Capacity | 374 |
| Operator | Storstockholms Lokaltrafik |
| Line(s) served | Stockholm commuter rail |
| Specifications | |
| Car length | 107 m (total) |
| Maximum speed | 160 km/h |
| Weight | 206 t |
| Power output | 3000 kW |
| Electric system(s) | 15 kV 16⅔ Hz AC |
| Gauge | 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in) |
X60 is the designation of Greater Stockholm Transport's (SL) new Coradia Lirex-model commuter trains, which as of 2006 are gradually replacing the older commuter trainsets.
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The original cars for the Stockholm commuter rail service, called X1, were delivered between 1967 and 1975. A batch of new cars, designated X10, were delivered between 1983 and 1993. These two sets of cars made up the backbone of the fleet from 1967 until 2005. As time went on and passengers demanded more comfortable travel and more features, SL came to realize that it was time to replace the older stock completely.
In 2002, SL ordered 55 cars, with an option for 50 more, from the French manufacturer Alstom. The price for the first 55 cars is about SEK 4 billion.
Delivery of the X60 began in 2005, and as of 2006[update] the initial order of 55 cars is expected to be completed in the spring of 2007. The X60 cars are replacing the older stock as they are delivered. Service with the X60 was inaugurated 13 August 2005 at Stockholm Central Station.
The trains are manufactured in Salzgitter in Germany.
Each car is 107 meters (351 feet) long and consists of six articulated portions. Each car can seat 374 and take 530 standees. Two such cars coupled together make up a full-length train. It is easy to go through the entire car to find an empty seat, or to move if one part of the car is crowded, and the design also provides visibility through the length of the car, which SL's passenger surveys found was important in order to help passengers feel safe. SL has also specified lower backrests in the X60 to improve visibility all the way through the car.
Boarding and alighting from the new train is intended to be much easier than doing so on the older commuter train stock. At each door, and in 92% of each car, the floor is at the same level as the station platforms. This means a significant quality improvement for all passengers but particularly for the mobility-impaired.
The train is built in accord with the nominal platform height specified in the Swedish Railway Administration's standards. The Administration has begun a project to correct the heights of non-conforming platforms, but even before all the platforms have been fixed, passengers will notice a significant improvement in the form of a much lower floor height compared to the current stock, making boarding and alighting much easier than before.
In each car there are "flexible areas" that have room for wheelchairs, baby carriages and bicycles.
Another new feature is that the trains are equipped with air conditioning in both the passenger and cab areas. The seats have been designed in collaboration with leading ergonomists and representatives for SL passengers.
All cars have security cameras installed, just like the new Stockholm metro cars; this can contribute to increased security. Naturally, other safety details have also been carefully worked out, not least fire safety, with the use of non-inflammable and self-extinguishing materials.
High environmental standards have shaped the choice of materials in the new commuter trains. 95% of a car can be recycled when they are ready to be scrapped.
When the trains brake, the 3-phase motors act as generators and return electricity to the system rather than converting power to heat, as on a friction brake system. The current that is produced is conducted back to the overhead lines. If there is another train in the same electrical section, this train will use as much of the generated energy as it can.
The trains are designed and built for Swedish weather conditions; This is done by utilizing the roof space for the traction /air supply and auxiliary power converters, rather than placing them underneath the unit. This means they suffer less from snow and ice accumulation, and it should be possible to operate them without service disruptions both in heavy snow and in hot summers (X1 and X10 had problems with the heavy snowfall and froze, disabling them seriously). The technical systems in the train are "doubled," i.e. redundancy is provided, using microprocessor control systems, which greatly reduces the risk of service disruptions.
The public transport organisation in Scania (Sweden), Skånetrafiken, has placed an order on 49 new regional trains, first delivery was 2009. They are be based on X60, but shorter, about 75 m and they have four cars. They are called X61 and have an interior more suited for a little longer distances. They have more comfortable chairs, and have toilets, which the SL X60 does not have. Östgötatrafiken (the public transport organisation in Östergötland) has placed an order for 5 trains of type X61, delivered in 2010. Norrtåg (train ownership company for the public transport organisations in Västerbotten, Västernorrland and neighbour counties) has ordered eleven trains of this type for usage in these counties, e.g. on Botniabanan, to be delivered 2011. They are called X62 and contain a bistro because of longer travel times.
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