| Royal Academy of Music | |
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The facade of the Royal Academy of Music |
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| Established | 1822 |
| Type | Public |
| Chancellor | The Princess Royal (University of London) |
| President | The Duchess of Gloucester |
| Principal | Jonathan Freeman-Attwood |
| Students | 730[1] |
| Undergraduates | 310[1] |
| Postgraduates | 420[1] |
| Location | London, United Kingdom |
| Campus | Urban |
| Affiliations | University of London |
| Website | www.ram.ac.uk |
The Royal Academy of Music in London, England, is a conservatoire, Britain's oldest degree-granting music school and a constituent college of the University of London since 1999.[2] The Academy was founded by Lord Burghersh in 1822 with the help and ideas of the French harpist and composer Nicolas Bochsa and in 1830 was granted a Royal Charter by King George IV.[3] It is a registered charity under English law.[4]
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The Academy’s current facilities are situated on Marylebone Road in central London[5] adjacent to Regent's Park. The Academy’s first building was in Tenterden Street, Hanover Square [6] and in 1911 the institution moved to the current premises (which include the 450-seat Duke's Hall),[6] built at a cost of £51,000 on the site of an orphanage.[7] In the 1976 the Academy acquired the houses situated on the north side and built between them a new opera theatre donated by the philanthropist Sir Jack Lyons and named after him and two new recital spaces, a recording studio, an electronic music studio, several practice rooms and office space.[8]
The Academy again expanded its facilities in the late 1990s, with the addition of 1-5 York Gate, designed by John Nash in 1822,[9] to house the new museum, a musical theatre studio and several teaching and practice rooms. To link the main building and 1-5 York Gate a new underground passage and the underground barrel-vaulted 150-seat David Josefowitz recital hall were built on the courtyard between the mentioned structures.[10]
The Royal Academy of Music offers training from infant level (Junior Academy), with the senior Academy awarding the LRAM diploma, BMus and higher degrees to Ph.D.[11] The former Graduate Diploma GRSM, equivalent to a university honours degree and taken by some students, was phased out in the 1990s. All undergraduates now take the University of London degree of B.Mus..
Most Academy students are classical performers: strings, piano, vocal studies including opera, brass, woodwind, conducting and choral conducting, composition, percussion, harp, organ, accordion, guitar. There are also departments for musical theatre performance and jazz.
The Academy collaborates with other conservatoires worldwide, including participating in the SOCRATES student and staff exchange programme. In 1991, the Academy introduced a fully accredited degree in Performance Studies, and in September 1999, it became a full constituent college of the University of London, in both cases becoming the first UK conservatoire to do so.[12]
The Academy has students from over 50 countries, following diverse programmes including instrumental performance, conducting, composition, jazz, musical theatre and opera. The Academy has an established relationship with King's College London, particularly the Department of Music, whose students receive instrumental tuition at the Academy. In return, many students at the Academy take a range of Humanities choices at King's, and its extended academic musicological curriculum.
The Junior Academy, for pupils under the age of 18, takes place every Saturday.
The Academy's library contains over 160,000 items, including significant collections of early printed and manuscript materials and audio facilities. The library also houses archives dedicated to Sir Arthur Sullivan and Sir Henry Wood.[13] Among the Library's most valuable possessions are the manuscripts of Purcell's The Fairy-Queen, Sullivan's The Mikado, Vaughan Williams' Fantasia on a Theme by Thomas Tallis and Serenade to Music, and the newly-discovered Handel Gloria.[14] A grant from the National Heritage Memorial Fund has assisted in the purchase of the Robert Spencer Collection — a set of Early English Song and Lute music, as well as a fine collection of lutes and guitars. The Academy's museum displays many of these items. The Orchestral Library has approximately 4,500 sets of orchestral parts. Other collections include the libraries of Sir Henry Wood and Otto Klemperer.[15]
Harriet Cohen bequeathed a large collection of paintings, some photographs and her gold bracelet to the Academy, with a request that the room in which the paintings were to be housed was named the "Arnold Bax Room". Noted for her performances of Bach and modern English music, she was a friend and advocate of Arnold Bax and also premièred Vaughan Williams' Piano Concerto - a work dedicated to her - in 1933. In 1886, Franz Liszt performed at the Academy to celebrate the creation of the Franz Liszt Scholarship [16] and in 1843 Mendelssohn was made an honorary member of the Academy.[16]
Academy students perform regularly in the Academy's concert venues, and also nationally and internationally under conductors such as Sir Colin Davis, Yan Pascal Tortelier, Christoph von Dohnányi, the late Sir Charles Mackerras and Trevor Pinnock. In September 2005, Davis conducted an orchestra which combined students from the Academy and New York's Juilliard School at the Proms.[17]
The Academy regularly celebrates the work of a living composer with a festival in the presence of the composer. Previous composer festivals at the Academy have been devoted to the work of Witold Lutosławski, Michael Tippett, Krzysztof Penderecki, Olivier Messiaen, Hans Werner Henze, Luciano Berio, Elliott Carter, as well as Academy graduates, Alfred Schnittke, György Ligeti, British and American film composers, Franco Donatoni, Galina Ustvolskaya, Arvo Pärt, György Kurtág and Mauricio Kagel.
In February–March 2006, an Academy festival celebrated the violin virtuoso Niccolò Paganini, who first visited London 175 years earlier in 1831. The festival included a recital by Academy professor Maxim Vengerov, who performed on Il Cannone Guarnerius, Paganini's favorite violin.[18] Academy instrumentalists and musical theatre students have also performed in a series of concerts with the Academy alumnus Sir Elton John.[19]
The students and ensembles of the Royal Academy of Music perform in other venues around London including Kings Place,[20] St Marylebone Parish Church and the South Bank Centre.
The Academy's public museum is situated in the York Gate building, which is connected to the Academy's building via a basement link. The museum houses the Academy's collections, including a major collection of Cremonese stringed instruments dated between 1650 and 1740, a selection of historical English pianos from 1790 to 1850, from the famous Mobbs Collection, original manuscripts by Purcell, Mendelssohn, Liszt, Brahms, Sullivan and Vaughan Williams, musical memorabilia and other exhibits.[21]
Former students include John Barbirolli, Harrison Birtwistle, Dennis Brain, Katherine Jenkins, Clifford Curzon, Lesley Garrett, Evelyn Glennie, Elton John, Annie Lennox, Moura Lympany, Michael Nyman, Simon Rattle, Arthur Sullivan, Eva Turner, Maxim Vengerov and Henry Wood.
The current principal of the Academy is Jonathan Freeman-Attwood, appointed in July 2008[22] and the president is the Duchess of Gloucester.[23] Diana, Princess of Wales was the president of the Academy from 1985 until 1996.[24]
The Royal Academy of Music publishes every year a list of persons have been selected to be awarded one of the Royal Academy’s honorary awards. These awards are for alumni who have distinguished themselves within the music profession (Fellow of the Royal Academy of Music (FRAM)), distinguished musicians who are not alumni (Honorary Member of the Royal Academy of Music (Hon RAM)), alumni who have made a significant contribution to the music profession (Associate of the Royal Academy of Music (ARAM)) and to people who are not alumni but have offered important services to the institution (Honorary Associate of the Royal Academy of Music (Hon ARAM)). The Honorary Fellowship of the Royal Academy of Music (Hon FRAM) is awarded by the Governing Body of the Academy. As a full member of the University of London, the Academy can nominate people to the University of London Honorary Doctor degree (Hon DMus).[25]
The Royal Academy of Music manages the Royal Academy of Music Bach Prize (sponsored by the Kohn Foundation), a music award to musicians or scholars who have made an important contribution to the music of Johann Sebastian Bach.[26]
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