| Archdiocese of Manila Archidioecesis Manilensis Arkidiyosesis ng Maynila |
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Manila Cathedral |
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| Location | |
| Country | Philippines |
| Territory | Manila, Makati, Pasay, Mandaluyong and San Juan |
| Metropolitan | Manila |
| Population - Catholics |
approx. 2,800,000 |
| Information | |
| Denomination | Roman Catholic |
| Rite | Roman Rite |
| Established | February 6, 1579 (Diocese), August 14, 1595 (Archdiocese) |
| Cathedral | Cathedral-Basilica of the Immaculate Conception |
| Patron saint | Immaculate Conception |
| Current leadership | |
| Pope | Benedict XVI |
| Archbishop | Luis Antonio Tagle |
| Auxiliary Bishop | Bernardino C. Cortez Broderick S. Pabillo |
| Vicars General | Francisco G. Tantoco, Jr. |
| Website | |
| www.rcam.org | |
The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Manila or Archdiocese of Manila is a particular church or diocese of the Roman Catholic Church in the Philippines. It is also considered as the primatial see of the country, currently headed by the Archbishop of Manila and enjoys primacy over the other dioceses in the country as de facto primate.
The Archbishop of the Philippines is Luis Antonio Tagle, formerly bishop of the Diocese of Imus, who was appointed by Pope Benedict XVI on October 13, 2011.[1] Its titular church is the Cathedral-Basilica of the Immaculate Conception, with the Blessed Virgin Mary, under the title of Immaculate Conception as the principal patroness of the Republic of the Philippines and Filipino people.
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The original Diocese of Manila, the precursor to the most powerful archdiocese in Asia was canonically erected on February 6, 1579 encompassing all of the Spanish colonies in Asia and originally was a suffragan of Mexico. Over the course of Philippine history and the growth of Catholicism in the region, the Archdiocese of Manila had carved new dioceses from its territory.
On August 14, 1595, Pope Clement VIII raised the diocese to the status of an archdiocese and created three new dioceses as suffragan to Manila: Nueva Caceres, Nueva Segovia, and Cebu. With the creation of these new dioceses, the territory of the Archdiocese was reduced to the city of Manila and the ten civil provinces in proximity to it, namely: Rizal, Bulacan, Pampanga, Nueva Ecija, Batangas, Laguna, Cavite, Bataan, Zambales, and Mindoro.
On April 10, 1910, the province of Mindoro was established as an independent diocese by virtue of a Decretum Consistoriale executed by Pope Pius X, implementing the Bull “Quae Mari Sinico” of Pope Leo XIII. Also on that date saw the creation of the Diocese of Lipa (now known as the Archdiocese of Lipa) which had jurisdiction over the provinces of Batangas, Quezon Province, Marinduque and some parts of Masbate.
Eighteen years later, on May 19, 1928, Pope Pius XI established the Diocese of Lingayen, dividing Manila and Nueva Segovia. In this division 26 parishes were separated from Manila. He also named Our Lady of Guadalupe a patroness of the Filipino people in 1938.
In September 1942, Pope Pius XII declared on a Papal Bull Impositi Nobis the Immaculate Conception as the Principal Patroness of the Philippines, along with Saint Pudentiana and Saint Rose of Lima as secondary patrons.[2]
On December 11, 1948, the Apostolic Constitution, “Probe noscitur” further divided the Archdiocese of Manila by separating the northern part of the Archdiocese and establishing it as the Diocese of San Fernando. On November 25, 1961, the Archdiocese of Manila was divided once more. The civil provinces of Bulacan in the north and Cavite in the south were separated from the archdiocese, the northern part becoming the Diocese of Malolos and towards the south the Diocese of Imus.
Blessed Pope John Paul II declared the Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception a Minor Basilica in 1982 through a Motu Proprio.
The eastern part of the province of Rizal was excised from the Archdiocese of Manila on January 24, 1983. Fifteen towns and two barangays were separated from Manila to form the Diocese of Antipolo.
In 2002, two more dioceses were carved out of the Archdiocese of Manila. These are the Diocese of Novaliches in the north and the Diocese of Parañaque in the south also comprising the cities of Las Piñas and Muntinlupa.
In 2003, by the recommendation of Cardinal Jaime Sin and by papal decree of Pope John Paul II, the archdiocese was further subdivided to form three new dioceses: the Dioceses of Cubao, Kalookan and Pasig.
The Archbishop of Manila's see is located in the Minor Basilica of the Immaculate Conception, under the patronage of the Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception. The Archbishop of Manila is also the metropolitan bishop of several suffragan archdioceses and dioceses as well as the Primate of the Philippines.
After having been served by a single residential bishop, 19 Archbishops of Manila appointed from Spain served the archdiocese. In 1903, the Archdiocese of Manila received its first archbishop from the United States as appointed by the Holy See. Following the tenure of Archbishop Jeremiah James Harty from St. Louis, Missouri, an Irishman was appointed in succession. On September 6, 1916, Michael J. O'Doherty was received by the Filipinos.
Archbishop O'Doherty would lead the Church in the Philippines in its most difficult times. Filipinos had seen years of petitioning for independence from the United States and then the Japanese attacked Manila on December 8, 1941. The Philippines would become subject to Imperial Japan during World War II through 1945. The Philippines gained its full sovereignty with Archbishop O'Doherty leading the nation through spiritual thanksgiving.
When Archbishop O'Doherty died, the Vatican chose the first Filipino to become Archbishop of Manila. Fr. Gabriel Reyes was already serving as Coadjutor Archbishop of Manila before being raised to the position. His successor, Archbishop (later, Cardinal) Rufino Jiao Santos, became the first Filipino to become a cardinal in consistory.
Jaime Sin became the most recognized Archbishop of Manila worldwide when he challenged the authoritarian regime of Ferdinand Marcos. Becoming only the third Filipino cardinal created in consistory, Archbishop Sin was credited as one of the architects of the 1986 People Power movement that forced the dictator into exile.
In 2003, Pope John Paul II appointed Gaudencio Rosales as the new archbishop, succeeding Cardinal Sin. On March 24, 2006, Pope Benedict XVI elevated him to the cardinalate, making him the fifth Filipino cardinal.
Currently, the see of the Archdiocese of Manila is held by the Most Reverend Luis Antonio Tagle. He is currently assisted by two auxiliary bishops. Meanwhile, Gaudencio Rosales, who has retired from public ministry, now enjoys the honorary title Archbishop-Emeritus. On October 13, 2011, the Apostolic Nunciature in Manila announced the appointment of Imus Bishop Luis Antonio G. Tagle as the new Archbishop of Manila, replacing Cardinal Rosales, whose resignation was accepted by Pope Benedict XVI, having reached the compulsory age of retirement.
| Picture | Name | From | Until |
|---|---|---|---|
| Domingo de Salazar, O. P. | February 6, 1579 | December 4, 1594 | |
| Ignacio Santibáñez, O.F.M. | August 30, 1595 | August 14, 1598 | |
| Miguel de Benavides, O.P. | October 7, 1602 | July 26, 1605 | |
| Diego Vázquez de Mercado | March 28, 1608 | June 12, 1616 | |
| Miguel García Serrano, O.S.A. | February 12, 1618 | June 14, 1629 | |
| Hernando Guerrero, O.S.A. | January 9, 1634 | July 1, 1641 | |
| Fernando Montero Espinosa | February 5, 1646 | 1648 | |
| Diego Camacho y Ávila | August 19, 1696 | January 14, 1704 | |
| Francisco de la Cuesta, O.S.H. | 1704 | September 23, 1723 | |
| Angel Rodríguez, O.SS.T. | December 17, 1731 | June 24, 1742 | |
| Pedro José Manuel Martínez de Arizala, O.F.M. | February 3, 1744 | May 28, 1755 | |
| Manuel Rojo del Rio y Vieyra | 1759 | 1764 | |
| Basilio Tomás Sancho Hernando de Santa Justa, Sch. P. | April 14, 1766 | December 15, 1787 | |
| Juan Antonio Gallego Orbigo, O.F.M. | December 15, 1788 | May 17, 1797 | |
| Juan Antonio Zulaibar, O.P. | March 26, 1804 | March 4, 1824 | |
| Hilarión Díez, O.S.A. | July 3, 1826 | May 7, 1829 | |
| José Seguí, O.S.A. | July 5, 1830 | July 4, 1845 | |
| José Aranguren, ORSA | January 19, 1846 | April 18, 1861 | |
| Gregorio Melitón Martínez Santa Cruz | December 23, 1861 | 1875 | |
| Pedro Payo y Piñeiro, O.P. | January 28, 1876 | January 1, 1889 | |
| Bernardino Nozaleda y Villa, O.P. | May 27, 1889 | February 4, 1902 | |
| Jeremiah James Harty | June 6, 1903 | May 16, 1916 | |
| Michael J. O'Doherty | September 6, 1916 | October 13, 1949 | |
| Gabriel M. Reyes | October 13, 1949 | October 15, 1952 | |
| Rufino Jiao Cardinal Santos | February 10, 1953 | September 3, 1973 | |
| Jaime Lachica Cardinal Sin | March 19, 1974 | September 15, 2003 | |
| Gaudencio Borbon Cardinal Rosales | November 21, 2003 | December 12, 2011 | |
| Luis Antonio Gokim Tagle | December 12, 2011 | present[3] |
The archdiocese is considered to be one of the wealthiest archdioceses in the world, and the wealthiest in the Philippines. It has a considerable number of real estate holdings located in Metro Manila and financial interests in some institutions, even after the division of its territories in the past few years. For one, the archdiocese owns 8.5 %% of the Bank of the Philippine Islands, the Philippines' second largest bank and has shares in San Miguel Corporation, Southeast Asia's largest food and beverage company. The archdiocese also owns schools, hostels, charitable institutions and a travel agency.
As of 2004, the Archdiocese of Manila has registered a total of 2,719,781 baptized Catholics. The faithful are served by the archdiocese's 475 diocesan and religious priests – with a ratio of 5,725 Catholics per priests, under 85 parishes. The archdiocese also houses 369 male religious and 1,730 female religious engaged in various social, pastoral and missionary works in various areas of the archdiocese.
The archdiocese operates San Carlos Seminary, which is responsible for the formation of future priests for the archdiocese and for its suffragan dioceses. Located in Makati City, it has collegiate- and theologate-level formation houses as well as formation houses for Chinese Filipino future priests (which is the Lorenzo Ruiz Mission Soicety) and a center for adult vocations (Holy Apostles Senior Seminary). The seminary offers civil and ecclesiastical degrees in philosophy, theology and pastoral ministry.
The archdiocese also operates Our Lady of Guadalupe Minor Seminary, a seminary for young men in the secondary school level. It is located a few blocks away from San Carlos Seminary.
Other major seminaries that serve the spiritual and pastoral needs of the archdiocese include the San Jose Seminary (under the administration of the Jesuits, located within the Ateneo de Manila University complex) and the UST Central Seminary, the Royal and Pontifical Interdiocesan Seminary of the Philippines, (under the administration of the Dominicans, located within the University of Santo Tomas campus).
The official residence of the Papal Nuncio to the Philippines is located within the archdiocese, although the nuncio is not subject to the authority of the archbishop. The present papal nuncio is Archbishop Giuseppe Pinto, who is also the concurrent dean of the diplomatic corps in the Philippines by virtue of local diplomatic protocol.
VICARIATE OF OUR LADY OF GUADALUPE
VICARIATE OF ST. JOHN THE BAPTIST
VICARIATE OF ST. JOSEPH THE WORKER
VICARIATE OF STS. PETER AND PAUL
VICARIATE OF SAN FELIPE NERI
VICARIATE OF STA. CLARA DE MONTEFALCO
VICARIATE OF HOLY FAMILY
VICARIATE OF HOLY SPIRIT
VICARIATE OF NUESTRA SEÑORA DE GUIA
VICARIATE OF OUR LADY OF LORETO
VICARIATE OF SAN FERNANDO DE DILAO
VICARIATE OF SAN JOSE DE TROZO
VICARIATE OF STO. NIÑO
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