| Purulia | |||
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| Coordinates | |||
| Country | India | ||
| State | West Bengal | ||
| District(s) | Purulia | ||
| Parliamentary constituency | Purulia | ||
| Assembly constituency | Purulia | ||
| Population | 126,894 (2011[update]) | ||
| Sex ratio | 955 female/1000 male ♂/♀ | ||
| Literacy | 81.53 per cent% | ||
| Time zone | IST (UTC+05:30) | ||
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| Website | purulia.gov.in/ | ||
Purulia (Bengali: পুরুলিয়া), also spelled Puruliya, also known as "Manbhum City", is a city located in West Bengal state, India, and was constituted in 1876. It is the location of the district headquarters of Purulia district. Purulia is located on the north of the Kasai river and is a major road and railway junction. It has an area of 6,259 sq.km. It is famous for the "chau" dance.
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Purulia is located at .[1] It has an average elevation of 228 metres (748 feet). Summers are hot and dry with temperatures ranging from lows of 23 °C to highs above 45 °C. The temperature reached the highest level in the country on June 18, 2005 at 51.1 °C.[2] Winters are dry and cool with daily temperatures ranging from 3 °C to 20 °C. Most of the rainfall occurs during the wet monsoons.
It has many major rivers such as the Damodar, Subernarekha, Kangsabati, and Kumari, along with many dams including Kangsabati dam, Panchet dam, Maithon dam, Murguma dam, and Baghmundi dam. It has a varied landscape consisting of plains, plateaus and hills. Most of the major land forms can be found here.
Purulia soil is red and it is said that the soil has the most iron in it compared to other soil in India.
The portion of the Ajodha range located in Purulia is the starting point of the Chottanagpur plateau.
Purulia has many natural beauties, such as picnic spots. Some of the famous are the deer park near Kangsabati dam, Ajodha hills, etc. It has many waterfalls also. The Pakhi pahar(bird hill) is very beautiful. In this hill birds are drawn on the rocks of the hill. The city is also beautifully landscaped. There is the Saheb bandh, a large pond where boating and fishing take place. There is also Subhas park and an educational park called as sciencecity. It has a small island in the center of it where many beautiful birds come during the year from different parts of the world. Purulia has two big reservoirs, the Kangsabati reservoir and the Panchet reservoir. There are also tiger reserves,elephant reserves, and deer reserves.
In the 2011 census, Purulia Urban Agglomeration had a population of 126,894, out of which 65,334 were males and 61,560 were females. The 0-6 years population was 12,116. Effective literacy rate for the 7+ population was 81.53 per cent.[3]
As of 2001[update] India census,[4] Puruliya had a population of 113,766. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Puruliya has an average literacy rate of 65.38%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 78.85, and female literacy is 51.29.
Purulia entered the news in December 1995, when a Latvian aircraft dropped a consignment of arms in its vicinity. Several days later, when the plane re-entered Indian airspace, it was intercepted by a Mig21 of the Indian Air Force, and its crew were captured. It was believed that the arms were intended for the Hindu cult Anand Marg ("Happy Path"), but proof of this could not be established. The crew of the aircraft consisted of five Latvian citizens and Peter Bleach, a British citizen. They were arrested and sentenced to life imprisonment. Following the intervention of Russian authorities, the Latvian crew (ethnic Russians) were pardoned and released in 2000.
The Ramakrishna Mission Vidyapith is a residential school for boys with the calm environment of the ancient gurukul system which was the ideology of Swami Vivekananda. Sainik School is on Ranchi Road. GRK DAV is a residential school based on the ideologies of Arya Samaj, founded by Swami Dayananda. The Assembly of God Church School has a morning batch (Bhatbhandh) and a day batch (Ranchi Road). The oldest of the schools is Purulia Zilla which was established in 1853.
All the festivals are celebrated here with full of joy and happiness. The major festivals are like Durga puja, Kali puja and Mahalaya.The whole city is decorated during diwali. Tribe Santal's major festival is Bandna or Bandana. In this festival they play music, dance together and eat meat based special dishes like "Manser Pitha". They also take local liquor as a part of their culture named "Hadia". 'Bhadu' is another festival started by Panchakot Raj of Kashipur after the death of King's daughter named Bhadrabati and now days it is enjoyed by the local mass. Karma is a tribe festival in Puruliya where tribal people worship the tree whose local name is 'Karam'.
The best time to visit Purulia is from September to November. During this time you can visit all the tourist places in Purulia and can also enjoy the major festivals celebrated there at that time.
Most of the long distance trains stop at the railway station like Purushottam Express, Samarsata Express, Guwahati-Chennai Express,etc .Purulia is one of the most important transport location.Major cities near Purulia are Ranchi, Bokaro Steel City, Dhanbad, Asansol, Burnpur, Kharagpur, Jamshedpur, Chakradharpur, Kolkata etc. There is a link railway to Kolkata via Burdwan,Adra and Tata. The station is a junction and is about 1.5 km from the town-centre.
Purulia is connected to various parts of West Bengal as well as Jharkhand through long distance bus services run by both Government and private operators.
Santamoyee Girls' High School is a girls' school and Purulia Zilla school (the district government school) is the state government boys school. The government girls high school is Girls' High School. Chittaranjan High School is a boys school. Chittaranjan girls high school, Girish chandra vidyapith, Netaji high school. Purulia Zilla school was established in 1853.
Other schools affiliated to WBCHSE include Chittaranjan High School and Manbhum Victoria Institution (another centenarian school). The Assembly of God Church School here is a nursery to XII school which follows the CBSE syllabus pattern and is compositely affiliated to it. The St.Xavier's School is another ICSE pattern school from Nursery to XII. The Rajasthan school is another school. The Purulia Sainik School belongs to the central government of India, where students are prepared for recruiting them to Indian Army. This school is affiliated to CBSE. The Ramakrishna Mission Vidyapith is 6 km from the town. The school is affiliated to West Bengal Board of Secondary Education and is run by the Ramakrishna Mission Authority. It includes the residential system of education. In Purulia there is a deaf and dumb school in Amdiha Para.
Purulia Polytechnic is a diploma engineering institute situated three km away from the railway station. J.K. College (co-ed) and Nistarini College (for girls only) offer undergraduate education, both affiliated to University of Burdwan.But now 2011 all college under Sidho-Kanho-Birsha university,
There are many i.c.s.e schools. One of the famous is the "St.xavier schools"
On December 18, 1995, a mysterious weapon consignment was dropped from the sky over Joupur Jhalda area under Purulia district of West Bengal. The consignment was discovered the next morning. The reasons are still not known.[5]
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