Proenkephalin

Proenkephalin
Identifiers
Symbol PENK
CAS number 90880-95-8
Other data

Proenkephalin (PENK), formerly known as proenkephalin A (since proenkephalin B was renamed prodynorphin), is an endogenous opioid polypeptide hormone which, via proteolyic cleavage, produces the enkephalin peptides [Met]enkephalin, and to a lesser extent, [Leu]enkephalin.[1] Upon cleavage, each proenkephalin peptide results in the generation of four copies of [Met]enkephalin, two extended copies of [Met]enkephalin, and one copy of [Leu]enkephalin.[1] Contrarily, [Leu]enkephalin] is predominantly synthesized from prodynorphin, which produces three copies of it per cleavage, and no copies of [Met]enkephalin. Other endogenous peptides produced by proenkephalin include adrenorphin,[2] amidorphin,[3] BAM-18,[4] BAM-20P,[5] BAM-22P,[5] peptide B,[6] peptide E,[7], and peptide F.[8]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Donald W. Pfaff (2002). Hormones, brain, and behavior. Elsevier. pp. 173. ISBN 978-0-12-532109-9. http://books.google.com/books?id=cGbE2nC__Q0C&pg=PA173. Retrieved 25 November 2011. 
  2. ^ Matsuo H, Miyata A, Mizuno K (1983). "Novel C-terminally amidated opioid peptide in human phaeochromocytoma tumour". Nature 305 (5936): 721–3. PMID 6633641. 
  3. ^ Seizinger BR, Liebisch DC, Gramsch C, et al. (1985). "Isolation and structure of a novel C-terminally amidated opioid peptide, amidorphin, from bovine adrenal medulla". Nature 313 (5997): 57–9. PMID 3965972. 
  4. ^ Hurlbut DE, Evans CJ, Barchas JD, Leslie FM (June 1987). "Pharmacological properties of a proenkephalin A-derived opioid peptide: BAM 18". European Journal of Pharmacology 138 (3): 359–66. PMID 3040439. 
  5. ^ a b Mizuno K, Minamino N, Kangawa K, Matsuo H (December 1980). "A new family of endogenous "big" Met-enkephalins from bovine adrenal medulla: purification and structure of docosa- (BAM-22P) and eicosapeptide (BAM-20P) with very potent opiate activity". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 97 (4): 1283–90. PMID 7213356. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0006-291X(80)80005-2. 
  6. ^ Micanovic R, Kruggel W, Ray P, Lewis RV (1984). "Purification and sequence of a non-opioid peptide derived from ovine proenkephalin: implications for possible species specific processing". Peptides 5 (5): 853–6. PMID 6504720. 
  7. ^ Boarder MR, Evans C, Adams M, Erdelyi E, Barchas JD (December 1987). "Peptide E and its products, BAM 18 and Leu-enkephalin, in bovine adrenal medulla and cultured chromaffin cells: release in response to stimulation". Journal of Neurochemistry 49 (6): 1824–32. PMID 3681299. 
  8. ^ Jones BN, Stern AS, Lewis RV, et al. (October 1980). "Structure of two adrenal polypeptides containing multiple enkephalin sequences". Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 204 (1): 392–5. PMID 7425644. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0003-9861(80)90048-X. 

External links

Hormones
see hormones
Opioid peptides
Others
Other neuropeptides
Neuromedins
B · N · S · U
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B trdu: iter (nrpl/grfl/cytl/horl), csrc (lgic, enzr, gprc, igsr, intg, nrpr/grfr/cytr), itra (adap, gbpr, mapk), calc, lipd; path (hedp, wntp, tgfp+mapp, notp, jakp, fsap, hipp, tlrp)