Ponyfish
| Ponyfishes Temporal range: Eocene to Present[1] |
|
|---|---|
| Splendid ponyfish, Leiognathus splendens | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Perciformes |
| Family: | Leiognathidae |
| Genera | |
|
Gazza |
|
The ponyfishes also known as slipmouths or slimys are a small family, Leiognathidae, of fishes in the order Perciformes.[2] They inhabit marine and brackish waters in the Indian Ocean and West Pacific.
Ponyfishes are small, laterally compressed fishes, with a bland silvery colouration. They are distinguished by highly extensible mouths, and the presence of a mechanism for locking the spines in the dorsal and anal fins. They also possess a luminous organ in the throat, which projects light through the animal's underside.[3]
Species
- Genus Gazza Rüppell, 1835
- Smalltoothed ponyfish, Gazza achlamys Jordan & Starks, 1917.
- Ovoid toothpony, Gazza dentex (Valenciennes, 1835).
- Toothpony, Gazza minuta (Bloch, 1795).
- Rhomboid toothpony, Gazza rhombea Kimura, Yamashita & Iwatsuki, 2000.
- Scaled belly toothpony, Gazza squamiventralis Yamashita & Kimura, 2001.
- Genus Leiognathus Lacépède, 1802
- Golden ponyfish, Leiognathus aureus Abe & Haneda, 1972.
- Berber ponyfish, Leiognathus berbis (Valenciennes, 1835).
- Orangefin ponyfish, Leiognathus bindus (Valenciennes, 1835).
- Twoblotch ponyfish, Leiognathus blochii (Valenciennes, 1835).
- Shortnose ponyfish, Leiognathus brevirostris (Valenciennes, 1835).
- Goldstripe ponyfish, Leiognathus daura (Cuvier, 1829).
- Decorated ponyfish, Leiognathus decorus (De Vis, 1884).
- Dussumier's ponyfish, Leiognathus dussumieri (Valenciennes, 1835).
- Slender ponyfish, Leiognathus elongatus (Günther, 1874).
- Common ponyfish, Leiognathus equulus (Forsskål, 1775).
- Striped ponyfish, Leiognathus fasciatus (Lacépède, 1803).
- Hatai's ponyfish, Leiognathus hataii Abe & Haneda, 1972.
- Leiognathus klunzingeri (Steindachner, 1898).
- Leiognathus kupanensis Kimura & Peristiwady, 2005.[4]
- Whipfin ponyfish, Leiognathus leuciscus (Günther, 1860).
- Ornate ponyfish, Leiognathus lineolatus (Valenciennes, 1835).
- Leiognathus longispinis (Valenciennes, 1835).
- Moreton Bay ponyfish, Leiognathus moretoniensis Ogilby, 1912.
- Spotnape ponyfish Leiognathus nuchalis (Temminck & Schlegel, 1845).
- Oblong ponyfish, Leiognathus oblongus (Valenciennes, 1835).
- Leiognathus pan Wongratana, 1988.
- Panay ponyfish, Leiognathus panayensis Kimura & Dunlap, 2003.
- Leiognathus parviceps (Valenciennes, 1835).
- Rapson's ponyfish, Leiognathus rapsoni Munro, 1964.
- Slimy offshore ponyfish, Leiognathus rivulatus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1845).
- Smithurst's ponyfish, Leiognathus smithursti (Ramsay & Ogilby, 1886).
- Leiognathus spilotus Fowler, 1904.
- Splendid ponyfish, Leiognathus splendens (Cuvier, 1829).
- Oblong slipmouth, Leiognathus stercorarius Evermann & Seale, 1907.
- Leiognathus striatus James & Badrudeen, 1991.
- Genus Secutor Gistel, 1848
- Secutor hanedai Mochizuki & Hayashi, 1989.
- Secutor indicius Monkolprasit, 1973.
- Pugnose ponyfish, Secutor insidiator (Bloch, 1787).
- Secutor interruptus (Valenciennes, 1835).
- Secutor megalolepis Mochizuki & Hayashi, 1989.
- Deep pugnose ponyfish, Secutor ruconius (Hamilton, 1822).
Timeline of genera
References
- ^ Sepkoski, Jack (2002). "A compendium of fossil marine animal genera". Bulletins of American Paleontology 364: p.560. http://strata.ummp.lsa.umich.edu/jack/showgenera.php?taxon=611&rank=class. Retrieved 2008-01-08.
- ^ Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2006). "Leiognathidae" in FishBase. February 2006 version.
- ^ Johnson, G.D. & Gill, A.C. (1998). Paxton, J.R. & Eschmeyer, W.N.. ed. Encyclopedia of Fishes. San Diego: Academic Press. p. 186. ISBN 0-12-547665-5.
- ^ Seishi Kimura, Takahiro Ito, Teguh Peristiwady, Yukio Iwatsuki, Tetsuo Yoshino and Paul V. Dunlap (2005). "The Leiognathus splendens complex (Perciformes: Leiognathidae) with the description of a new species, Leiognathus kupanensis Kimura and Peristiwady". Ichthyological Research 52 (3): 275–291. doi:10.1007/s10228-005-0283-5.
- Sepkoski, Jack (2002). "A compendium of fossil marine animal genera". Bulletins of American Paleontology 364: p.560. http://strata.ummp.lsa.umich.edu/jack/showgenera.php?taxon=611&rank=class. Retrieved 2011-05-19.