In ancient Rome, the Piscina Publica ("Public Pool") was a public reservoir and swimming pool located in Regio XII. The region itself came to be called informally Piscina Publica from the landmark.[1] The piscina was situated in the low-lying area between the Via Appia, the Servian Wall, and the northeast slope of the Aventine Hill, an area later occupied by the Baths of Caracalla.[2]
There is some disagreement as to whether the reservoir was fed by one of several springs in the immediate area[3] or by the aqua Appia, the first public aqueduct built by Appius Claudius Caecus.[4] Located just inside the Porta Capena,[5] it was the first site for both communal water distribution and sports.[6] The aqueduct supplied water for wool processors near the piscina.[7]
Mention of a piscina publica was first made in 215 BC,[8] when the two city praetors moved their tribunals to the site, near where the senate was meeting with generals to discuss the ongoing Hannibalic War.[9] A reference in Festus indicates that it no longer existed in the 2nd century.[10]