Parmacellidae

Parmacellidae Temporal range: ?Upper Eocene, Lower Pliocene-Recent^[1]

Parmacella valenciennii

Two views of a live individual of Cryptella canariensis
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Gastropoda
(unranked):	clade Heterobranchia clade Euthyneura clade Panpulmonata clade Eupulmonata clade Stylommatophora informal group Sigmurethra clade limacoid clade
Superfamily:	Parmacelloidea
Family:	Parmacellidae P. Fischer, 1856 (1855)
Genera
See text
Synonyms
Cryptellidae Gray, 1855 (nomen oblitum)^[2]

Parmacellidae is a family of air-breathing land slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks within the superfamily Parmacelloidea (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).

Slugs in this family make and use love darts made of chitin.

Distribution

Distribution of Parmacellidae include western Palearctic^[3] and ranges from Canary Islands and Europe to Afghanistan.^[1]

Genera within family Parmacellidae include:

Candaharia Godwin-Austen, 1888^[4]
- subgenus Levanderiella Schileyko, 2007^[5]
Cryptella Webb & Berthelot, 1833^[6]
Parmacella Cuvier, 1804^[6] - type genus

The following cladogram shows the phylogenic relationship of this family with the other families in the limacoid clade:^[3]

^ ^a ^b "Family summary for Parmacellidae". AnimalBase, last modified 21 February 2009, accessed 1 September 2010.
^ Schileyko A. A. (2003). "On the conservation of the name Parmacellidae P. Fischer, 1856". Ruthenica 13(2): 167-168. PDF.
^ ^a ^b Hausdorf B. (2000). "Biogeography of the Limacoidea sensu lato (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora): Vicariance Events and Long-Distance Dispersal". Journal of Biogeography 27(2): 379-390. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2699.2000.00403.x, JSTOR.
^ Kantor Yu I., Vinarski M. V., Schileyko A. A. & Sysoev A. V. (published online on December 22, 2009). "CATALOGUE OF THE CONTINENTAL MOLLUSKS OF RUSSIA AND ADJACENT TERRITORIES". Version 2.3.
^ Schileyko A. A. (2007). "Levanderiella, a new name for Levanderia Likharev et Wiktor, 1980 (Pulmonata, Parmacellidae)". Ruthenica 17(1-2): 84. PDF.
^ ^a ^b Parmacellidae. Fauna Europaea, accessed 19 November 2009.