p-Xylene

p-Xylene
Identifiers
CAS number 106-42-3 Y
UNII 6WAC1O477V N
KEGG C06756 Y
ChEMBL CHEMBL31561 N
RTECS number ZE2625000
Jmol-3D images Image 1
Properties
Molecular formula C8H10
Molar mass 106.16 g/mol
Appearance Colorless liquid
colorless crystalline solid
Density 0.861 g/mL
Melting point

13.2 °C, 286 K, 56 °F

Boiling point

138.35 °C, 412 K, 281 °F

Solubility in water insoluble
Solubility in ethanol very soluble
Solubility in diethyl ether very soluble
Refractive index (nD) 1.49582
Viscosity 0.7385 cP at 0 °C
0.6475 cP at 20 °C
Dipole moment 0.07 D
Hazards
MSDS External MSDS
R-phrases R10 R20 R21 R36 R38
S-phrases S25
Main hazards Harmful or fatal if swallowed. Vapor harmful. Flammable liquid and vapor.
NFPA 704
3
2
0
Flash point 25 °C
Related compounds
Related aromatic
hydrocarbons
benzene
toluene
o-xylene
m-xylene
Supplementary data page
Structure and
properties
n, εr, etc.
Thermodynamic
data
Phase behaviour
Solid, liquid, gas
Spectral data UV, IR, NMR, MS
 N (verify) (what is: Y/N?)
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
Infobox references

p-Xylene is an aromatic hydrocarbon, based on benzene with two methyl substituents. The “p” stands for para, identifying the location of the methyl groups as across from one another.

It is an isomer of xylene. Other isomers include o-xylene and m-xylene. p-Xylene is used on a large scale for the manufacture of terephthalic acid for polyester. Its polymer is known as Parylene. p-Xylene is produced by catalytic reforming of naphtha (a petroleum derivative) and separated in a series of distillation, adsorption or crystallization and reaction processes from m-xylene, o-xylene and ethylbenzene. Its melting point is the highest among this series of isomers, but simple crystallization does not allow easy purification due to the formation of eutectic mixtures.It is also highly flammable.

Effect on health

It is characterized as one of hazardous chemicals and carcinogens high. It is harmful to people's health. It can be breathed in, ingested and absorbed through skin. It has a stimulating effect on the respiratory tract and eyes, while high concentrations have a narcotic effect on the central nervous system.

References

External links