| p-Xylene | |
|---|---|
|
Other names
p-Xylol |
|
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | 106-42-3 |
| UNII | 6WAC1O477V |
| KEGG | C06756 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL31561 |
| RTECS number | ZE2625000 |
| Jmol-3D images | Image 1 |
|
|
| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | C8H10 |
| Molar mass | 106.16 g/mol |
| Appearance | Colorless liquid colorless crystalline solid |
| Density | 0.861 g/mL |
| Melting point |
13.2 °C, 286 K, 56 °F |
| Boiling point |
138.35 °C, 412 K, 281 °F |
| Solubility in water | insoluble |
| Solubility in ethanol | very soluble |
| Solubility in diethyl ether | very soluble |
| Refractive index (nD) | 1.49582 |
| Viscosity | 0.7385 cP at 0 °C 0.6475 cP at 20 °C |
| Dipole moment | 0.07 D |
| Hazards | |
| MSDS | External MSDS |
| R-phrases | R10 R20 R21 R36 R38 |
| S-phrases | S25 |
| Main hazards | Harmful or fatal if swallowed. Vapor harmful. Flammable liquid and vapor. |
| NFPA 704 |
3
2
0
|
| Flash point | 25 °C |
| Related compounds | |
| Related aromatic hydrocarbons |
benzene toluene o-xylene m-xylene |
| Supplementary data page | |
| Structure and properties |
n, εr, etc. |
| Thermodynamic data |
Phase behaviour Solid, liquid, gas |
| Spectral data | UV, IR, NMR, MS |
| (verify) (what is: /?) Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) |
|
| Infobox references | |
p-Xylene is an aromatic hydrocarbon, based on benzene with two methyl substituents. The “p” stands for para, identifying the location of the methyl groups as across from one another.
It is an isomer of xylene. Other isomers include o-xylene and m-xylene. p-Xylene is used on a large scale for the manufacture of terephthalic acid for polyester. Its polymer is known as Parylene. p-Xylene is produced by catalytic reforming of naphtha (a petroleum derivative) and separated in a series of distillation, adsorption or crystallization and reaction processes from m-xylene, o-xylene and ethylbenzene. Its melting point is the highest among this series of isomers, but simple crystallization does not allow easy purification due to the formation of eutectic mixtures.It is also highly flammable.
It is characterized as one of hazardous chemicals and carcinogens high. It is harmful to people's health. It can be breathed in, ingested and absorbed through skin. It has a stimulating effect on the respiratory tract and eyes, while high concentrations have a narcotic effect on the central nervous system.