Panelház

Panelház (short form: panel) is the name of a type of block of flats (panel buildings) in Hungary and Hungarian inhabited areas of the Pannonian Basin. Transylvanian Magyars call these buildings tömbház ("block house"). It was the main housing type built in the Socialist era. From 1959 to 1990 788,000 panel flats were built in Hungary. About 2 million people, about one fifth of the country's total population, live in these flats. The Hungarian and local municipalities made great move after year 2000 when they decided on the renovation program. In the program they have insulated these buildings, replaced the old doors and windows with multi-layer thermo glass, renewed the heating system and colored the buildings in a more pleasant way.[1]

Contents

History

Largest panel microraions

[2]

Microraion (housing estate) City Flats Inhabitants (person)
Újpest-Városközpont ("Újpest City Center") Budapest 16,832 36,000
Újpalota Budapest 15,886 33,000
Pécs-Kertváros ("Pécs Garden City") Pécs 15,856 35,000
Óbuda-Városközpont ("Óbuda City Center") Budapest 13,736 27,000
Békásmegyeri lakótelep ("Békásmegyer microraion") Budapest 13,394 27,000
Füredi úti lakótelep ("Füredi microraion") Budapest 12,233 21,000
Kispesti lakótelep ("Kispest microraion") Budapest 12,000 27,000
Avasi lakótelep ("Avas microraion") Miskolc 11,498 40,000[3]
Pécs-Uránváros ("Pécs Uranium City") Pécs 9,651 22,000
Tatabánya-Újváros ("Tatabánya New City") Tatabánya 8,862 20,000
Széchenyi város lakótelep ("Széchenyitown microraion") Kecskemét 8,673 20,000

Former housing factories

[4]

City Plant Start of
working		 Technological
equipments		 Production
(flats/year)
Budapest No. 1 (Szentendrei str.) No. 43 State Builder Company (SBC) 1965 Soviet 1800-2300-3300
Budapest No. 2 (Ferencváros) No. 43 SBC 1968 Danish (Larsen-Nielsen) 1700-2500
Budapest No. 3 (Dunakeszi) No. 43 SBC 1969 Soviet and Hungarian 3600-4200
Budapest No. 4 (Budafok) No. 43 SBC 1974 Soviet and Hungarian 2800-3000
Győr Győr County SBC 1970 Soviet, GDR and Hungarian 3000-3500
Miskolc Borsod County SBC 1970 Soviet and Hungarian 3600-4200
Debrecen Hajdú County SBC 1971 Soviet and Hungarian 2500-3500
Szeged South-Hungarian Builder Company 1972 Soviet and Hungarian 2500-3000
Veszprém Veszprém County SBC 1975 Soviet and Hungarian 2500
Kecskemét Bács County SBC 1976 Soviet and Hungarian 2500

Former panel works

City Plant Start of
working		 Technological
equipments		 Production
(flats/year)
Dunaújváros Concrete and Ferroconcrete Works 1962 Hungarian 1200
Pécs Baranya County State Builder Company (SBC) 1963 Hungarian 1300
Szekszárd Tolna County Concrete and Ferroconcrete Works 1972 Hungarian 600
Kaposvár Somogy County SBC 1973 Hungarian 450
Békéscsaba Békés County SBC 1970 Hungarian 400
Szolnok Szolnok County SBC 1969 Hungarian 400

See also

References

  1. ^ "General information on various student flats and building types in Budapest". Budapest Corner. http://budapestcorner.com/index.php/flats/general-information. Retrieved 2010-12-11. 
  2. ^ Largest housing estates in Hungary (Hungarian), p. 274
  3. ^ Népszabadság Online: http://www.nol.hu/lap/hetvege/lap-20090117-20090117-17
  4. ^ Housing factories and panel works in Hungary (Hungarian), p. 3
Panel buildings by country
Bulgarian: панелен блок (panelen blok), панелка (panelka)  · Catalan: bloc prefabricat  · Croatian: stambeni blok  · Czech: Panelový dům, Panelák  · German: Plattenbau  · Estonian: Paneelmaja  · Finnish: Elementtitalo  · French: Maison à panneaux, HLM  · Greek: προκατασκευασμένη οικία, often shortened to προκάτ (prokát)  · Hungarian: panelház, often shortened to panel  · Italian: Casa prefabbricata  · Mongolian: Ugsarmal bair  · Polish: Blok, Wielka płyta  · Romania: Bloc  · Russian: Панельный дом (Panelny dom)  · Slovak: Panelový dom, Panelák  · Serbian: Блок (Blok), pl. Блокови (Blokovi)  · Spanish: Bloque prefabricado, Multifamiliar  · Swedish: Miljonprogramhus  · Ukrainian: Панельний будинок (Panelnyy budynok)