The Palavandishvili (Georgian: ფალავანდიშვილი) were a Georgian aristocratic family, known from the 12th/13th century and received among the princely nobility of Imperial Russia as Princes Palavandov (Russian: Палавандовы) in the 19th century.
A genealogical tradition makes the ancestors of the Palavandishvili family residents of Armenia from where they were forced into refuge in the Kingdom of Georgia in 1184.[1][2] According to Cyril Toumanoff, dynastic patronymic of this family – Palavandishvili literally translates as “the sons of Palavandi” – betrays their connection with the Armenian house of Pahlavuni of ancient Arsacid (Persian) stock; and the family legend of migration may be a vague memory of the Palavandishvili’s Pahlavid descent.[3]
The Palavandishvili first established themselves in Akhaltsikhe in south Georgian province of Samtskhe which fell to the Ottoman Empire in the 16th century. Most of them then fled northward, in the kingdom of Kartli; those who remained in Samtskhe apostatized to Islam.[1] In Kartli, the family were confirmed in princely rank (tavadi) and received a hereditary fief – known as Sapalavando – in the Prone valley which they shared with the families of Abashidze and Amirejibi, the latter being their offshoot. In the contemporary aristocratic hierarchy, the Palavandishvili were grandees of the second class and vassals to the Princes of Mukhrani. After the Russian annexation of Georgia they were confirmed as princes of the Russian Empire in 1825 and 1850.[3]