PPP1R15A

Protein phosphatase 1, regulatory (inhibitor) subunit 15A

Identifiers

External IDs

OMIM: 611048 MGI: 1100516 HomoloGene: 8639 GeneCards: PPP1R15A Gene

Gene Ontology
Molecular function	• protein binding
Cellular component	• endoplasmic reticulum
Biological process	• regulation of translation • apoptosis • response to stress • response to DNA damage stimulus • cell cycle arrest • endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response
Sources: Amigo / QuickGO

RNA expression pattern

More reference expression data

Orthologs

Species

Human

Mouse

RefSeq (mRNA)

RefSeq (protein)

Location (UCSC)

Chr 19:
49.38 – 49.38 Mb

Chr 7:
52.78 – 52.78 Mb

PubMed search

[1]

[2]

Protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 15A is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PPP1R15A gene.^[1]^[2]^[3]

This gene is a member of a group of genes whose transcript levels are increased following stressful growth arrest conditions and treatment with DNA-damaging agents. The induction of this gene by ionizing radiation occurs in certain cell lines regardless of p53 status, and its protein response is correlated with apoptosis following ionizing radiation.^[3]

Interactions

PPP1R15A has been shown to interact with PPP1CB,^[4]^[5] PPP1CA,^[4]^[5]^[6] PPP1CC,^[4]^[5] SMARCB1,^[4]^[7] LYN,^[8] TSN,^[9] BAG1^[6] and MLL.^[7]

References

^ Hollander MC, Zhan Q, Bae I, Fornace AJ Jr (Jul 1997). "Mammalian GADD34, an apoptosis- and DNA damage-inducible gene". J Biol Chem 272 (21): 13731–7. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.21.13731. PMID 9153226.
^ Korabiowska M, Betke H, Kellner S, Stachura J, Schauer A (Jan 1998). "Differential expression of growth arrest, DNA damage genes and tumour suppressor gene p53 in naevi and malignant melanomas". Anticancer Res 17 (5A): 3697–700. PMID 9413226.
^ ^a ^b "Entrez Gene: PPP1R15A protein phosphatase 1, regulatory (inhibitor) subunit 15A". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=23645.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Wu, Daniel Y; Tkachuck Douglas C, Roberson Rachel S, Schubach William H (Aug. 2002). "The human SNF5/INI1 protein facilitates the function of the growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein (GADD34) and modulates GADD34-bound protein phosphatase-1 activity". J. Biol. Chem. (United States) 277 (31): 27706–15. doi:10.1074/jbc.M200955200. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 12016208.
^ ^a ^b ^c Connor, J H; Weiser D C, Li S, Hallenbeck J M, Shenolikar S (Oct. 2001). "Growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD34 assembles a novel signaling complex containing protein phosphatase 1 and inhibitor 1". Mol. Cell. Biol. (United States) 21 (20): 6841–50. doi:10.1128/MCB.21.20.6841-6850.2001. ISSN 0270-7306. PMC 99861. PMID 11564868. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=99861.
^ ^a ^b Hung, Wesley J; Roberson Rachel S, Taft Jaime, Wu Daniel Y (May. 2003). "Human BAG-1 proteins bind to the cellular stress response protein GADD34 and interfere with GADD34 functions". Mol. Cell. Biol. (United States) 23 (10): 3477–86. doi:10.1128/MCB.23.10.3477-3486.2003. ISSN 0270-7306. PMC 164759. PMID 12724406. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=164759.
^ ^a ^b Adler, H T; Chinery R, Wu D Y, Kussick S J, Payne J M, Fornace A J, Tkachuk D C (Oct. 1999). "Leukemic HRX fusion proteins inhibit GADD34-induced apoptosis and associate with the GADD34 and hSNF5/INI1 proteins". Mol. Cell. Biol. (United States) 19 (10): 7050–60. ISSN 0270-7306. PMC 84700. PMID 10490642. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=84700.
^ Grishin, A V; Azhipa O, Semenov I, Corey S J (Aug. 2001). "Interaction between growth arrest-DNA damage protein 34 and Src kinase Lyn negatively regulates genotoxic apoptosis". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (United States) 98 (18): 10172–7. doi:10.1073/pnas.191130798. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 56934. PMID 11517336. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=56934.
^ Hasegawa, T; Isobe K (Aug. 1999). "Evidence for the interaction between Translin and GADD34 in mammalian cells". Biochim. Biophys. Acta (NETHERLANDS) 1428 (2-3): 161–8. ISSN 0006-3002. PMID 10434033.

Maruyama K, Sugano S (1994). "Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides.". Gene 138 (1-2): 171–4. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8. PMID 8125298.
Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, et al. (1997). "Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library.". Gene 200 (1-2): 149–56. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3. PMID 9373149.
Hasegawa T, Isobe K (1999). "Evidence for the interaction between Translin and GADD34 in mammalian cells.". Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1428 (2-3): 161–8. PMID 10434033.
Adler HT, Chinery R, Wu DY, et al. (2000). "Leukemic HRX fusion proteins inhibit GADD34-induced apoptosis and associate with the GADD34 and hSNF5/INI1 proteins.". Mol. Cell. Biol. 19 (10): 7050–60. PMC 84700. PMID 10490642. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=84700.
Hasegawa T, Yagi A, Isobe K (2000). "Interaction between GADD34 and kinesin superfamily, KIF3A.". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 267 (2): 593–6. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1999.1991. PMID 10631107.
Hasegawa T, Xiao H, Hamajima F, Isobe K (2001). "Interaction between DNA-damage protein GADD34 and a new member of the Hsp40 family of heat shock proteins that is induced by a DNA-damaging reagent.". Biochem. J. 352 Pt 3: 795–800. PMC 1221519. PMID 11104688. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1221519.
Grishin AV, Azhipa O, Semenov I, Corey SJ (2001). "Interaction between growth arrest-DNA damage protein 34 and Src kinase Lyn negatively regulates genotoxic apoptosis.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98 (18): 10172–7. doi:10.1073/pnas.191130798. PMC 56934. PMID 11517336. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=56934.
Connor JH, Weiser DC, Li S, et al. (2001). "Growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD34 assembles a novel signaling complex containing protein phosphatase 1 and inhibitor 1.". Mol. Cell. Biol. 21 (20): 6841–50. doi:10.1128/MCB.21.20.6841-6850.2001. PMC 99861. PMID 11564868. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=99861.
Wu DY, Tkachuck DC, Roberson RS, Schubach WH (2002). "The human SNF5/INI1 protein facilitates the function of the growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein (GADD34) and modulates GADD34-bound protein phosphatase-1 activity.". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (31): 27706–15. doi:10.1074/jbc.M200955200. PMID 12016208.
Korabiowska M, Cordon-Cardo C, Betke H, et al. (2003). "GADD153 is an independent prognostic factor in melanoma: immunohistochemical and molecular genetic analysis.". Histol. Histopathol. 17 (3): 805–11. PMID 12168790.
Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=139241.
Brush MH, Weiser DC, Shenolikar S (2003). "Growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD34 targets protein phosphatase 1 alpha to the endoplasmic reticulum and promotes dephosphorylation of the alpha subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2.". Mol. Cell. Biol. 23 (4): 1292–303. doi:10.1128/MCB.23.4.1292-1303.2003. PMC 141149. PMID 12556489. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=141149.
Hung WJ, Roberson RS, Taft J, Wu DY (2003). "Human BAG-1 proteins bind to the cellular stress response protein GADD34 and interfere with GADD34 functions.". Mol. Cell. Biol. 23 (10): 3477–86. doi:10.1128/MCB.23.10.3477-3486.2003. PMC 164759. PMID 12724406. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=164759.
Hollander MC, Poola-Kella S, Fornace AJ (2003). "Gadd34 functional domains involved in growth suppression and apoptosis.". Oncogene 22 (25): 3827–32. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1206567. PMID 12813455.
Powolny A, Takahashi K, Hopkins RG, Loo G (2004). "Induction of GADD gene expression by phenethylisothiocyanate in human colon adenocarcinoma cells.". J. Cell. Biochem. 90 (6): 1128–39. doi:10.1002/jcb.10733. PMID 14635187.
Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
Shi W, Sun C, He B, et al. (2004). "GADD34-PP1c recruited by Smad7 dephosphorylates TGFbeta type I receptor.". J. Cell Biol. 164 (2): 291–300. doi:10.1083/jcb.200307151. PMC 2172339. PMID 14718519. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2172339.
Colland F, Jacq X, Trouplin V, et al. (2004). "Functional proteomics mapping of a human signaling pathway.". Genome Res. 14 (7): 1324–32. doi:10.1101/gr.2334104. PMC 442148. PMID 15231748. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=442148.

PPP1R15A

Interactions

References

Further reading