PON1

Paraoxonase 1

Rendering of 1V04
Identifiers
Symbols PON1; ESA; MVCD5; PON
External IDs OMIM: 168820 MGI: 103295 HomoloGene: 68058 GeneCards: PON1 Gene
EC number 3.1.8.1
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species Human Mouse
Entrez 5444 18979
Ensembl ENSG00000005421 ENSMUSG00000002588
UniProt P27169 Q91X30
RefSeq (mRNA) NM_000446.5 NM_011134.3
RefSeq (protein) NP_000437.3 NP_035264.2
Location (UCSC) Chr 7:
94.93 – 95.03 Mb		 Chr 6:
5.12 – 5.14 Mb
PubMed search [1] [2]

Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is a protein-coding gene.[1] The protein encoded by this gene has esterase activity.[2]

Function

PON1 is responsible for hydrolyising organophosphate pesticides and nerve gasses.

PON1 (paraoxonase 1) is also a major anti-atherosclerotic component of high-density lipoprotein (HDL).[3][4] The PON1 gene is activated by PPAR-γ, which increases synthesis and release of paraoxonase 1 enzyme from the liver, reducing atherosclerosis. [5]

References

  1. ^ Primo-Parmo SL, Sorenson RC, Teiber J, La Du BN (May 1996). "The human serum paraoxonase/arylesterase gene (PON1) is one member of a multigene family". Genomics 33 (3): 498–507. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0225. PMID 8661009. 
  2. ^ van Himbergen TM, van Tits LJ, Roest M, Stalenhoef AF (February 2006). "The story of PON1: how an organophosphate-hydrolysing enzyme is becoming a player in cardiovascular medicine". Neth J Med 64 (2): 34–8. PMID 16517986. http://www.zuidencomm.nl/njm/getarticle.php?v=64&i=2&p=34. 
  3. ^ Getz GS, Reardon CA (2005). "Paraoxonase, a cardioprotective enzyme: continuing issues.". Curr. Opin. Lipidol. 15 (3): 261–7. doi:10.1097/00041433-200406000-00005. PMID 15166781. 
  4. ^ Mackness M, Mackness B (2005). "Paraoxonase 1 and atherosclerosis: is the gene or the protein more important?". Free Radic. Biol. Med. 37 (9): 1317–23. doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2004.07.034. PMID 15454272. 
  5. ^ Khateeb J, Gantman A, Kreitenberg AJ, Aviram M, Fuhrman B (2010). "Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) expression in hepatocytes is upregulated by pomegranate polyphenols: a role for PPAR-gamma pathway" (HTML). Atherosclerosis 208 (1): 119–125. doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2009.08.051. PMID 19783251. 

Further reading

  • Furlong CE, Costa LG, Hassett C, et al. (1993). "Human and rabbit paraoxonases: purification, cloning, sequencing, mapping and role of polymorphism in organophosphate detoxification.". Chem. Biol. Interact. 87 (1–3): 35–48. doi:10.1016/0009-2797(93)90023-R. PMID 8393745. 
  • Furlong CE, Cole TB, Jarvik GP, Costa LG (2002). "Pharmacogenomic considerations of the paraoxonase polymorphisms". Pharmacogenomics 3 (3): 341–8. doi:10.1517/14622416.3.3.341. PMID 12052142. 
  • Mackness B, Durrington PN, Mackness MI (2003). "The paraoxonase gene family and coronary heart disease". Curr. Opin. Lipidol. 13 (4): 357–62. doi:10.1097/00041433-200208000-00002. PMID 12151850. 
  • Costa LG, Cole TB, Furlong CE (2003). "Polymorphisms of paraoxonase (PON1) and their significance in clinical toxicology of organophosphates". J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. 41 (1): 37–45. doi:10.1081/CLT-120018269. PMID 12645966. 
  • Furlong CE, Cole TB, Jarvik GP, et al. (2005). "Role of paraoxonase (PON1) status in pesticide sensitivity: genetic and temporal determinants". Neurotoxicology 26 (4): 651–9. doi:10.1016/j.neuro.2004.08.002. PMID 16112327.