POLR2A

Polymerase (RNA) II (DNA directed) polypeptide A, 220kDa

Rendering based on PDB 2GHQ.
Identifiers
Symbols POLR2A; MGC75453; POLR2; POLRA; RPB1; RPBh1; RPO2; RPOL2; RpIILS; hRPB220; hsRPB1
External IDs OMIM: 180660 MGI: 98086 HomoloGene: 721 GeneCards: POLR2A Gene
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species Human Mouse
Entrez 5430 20020
Ensembl ENSG00000181222 ENSMUSG00000005198
UniProt P24928 O08847
RefSeq (mRNA) NM_000937.4 NM_009089.2
RefSeq (protein) NP_000928.1 NP_033115.1
Location (UCSC) Chr 17:
7.39 – 7.42 Mb		 Chr 11:
69.55 – 69.57 Mb
PubMed search [1] [2]

DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the POLR2A gene.

This gene encodes the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II, the polymerase responsible for synthesizing messenger RNA in eukaryotes. The product of this gene contains a carboxy terminal domain composed of heptapeptide repeats that are essential for polymerase activity. These repeats contain serine and threonine residues that are phosphorylated in actively transcribing RNA polymerase. In addition, this subunit, in combination with several other polymerase subunits, forms the DNA-binding domain of the polymerase, a groove in which the DNA template is transcribed into RNA.[1]

Contents

Interactions

POLR2A has been shown to interact with Transcription elongation regulator 1,[2] CREB-binding protein,[3] BRCA1,[4][5][6][7] GTF2H4,[5] TATA-binding protein,[5] PCAF,[3] GTF2F1,[5][3] SUPT5H,[8][9] Transcription Factor II B,[5] POLR2H,[10] POLR2L,[10] MED26,[11] Cyclin-dependent kinase 8,[3] ZNF74,[12] TCEA1,[13][14][15] SMYD3,[16] CTDP1,[5] POLR2C,[10] PQBP1,[17] SMARCA2,[18][19][3] SND1,[20] MED21,[5][3][21] SMARCB1,[18][19][3] POLR2E,[10] SMARCA4[18][19][22] and TAF11.[5]

References

  1. ^ "Entrez Gene: POLR2A polymerase (RNA) II (DNA directed) polypeptide A, 220kDa". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=5430. 
  2. ^ Carty, S M; Goldstrohm A C, Suñé C, Garcia-Blanco M A, Greenleaf A L (Aug. 2000). "Protein-interaction modules that organize nuclear function: FF domains of CA150 bind the phosphoCTD of RNA polymerase II". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (UNITED STATES) 97 (16): 9015–20. doi:10.1073/pnas.160266597. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 16813. PMID 10908677. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=16813. 
  3. ^ a b c d e f g Cho, H; Orphanides G, Sun X, Yang X J, Ogryzko V, Lees E, Nakatani Y, Reinberg D (Sep. 1998). "A Human RNA Polymerase II Complex Containing Factors That Modify Chromatin Structure". Mol. Cell. Biol. (UNITED STATES) 18 (9): 5355–63. ISSN 0270-7306. PMC 109120. PMID 9710619. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=109120. 
  4. ^ Krum, Susan A; Miranda Gustavo A, Lin Chenwei, Lane Timothy F (Dec. 2003). "BRCA1 associates with processive RNA polymerase II". J. Biol. Chem. (United States) 278 (52): 52012–20. doi:10.1074/jbc.M308418200. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 14506230. 
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h Scully, R; Anderson S F, Chao D M, Wei W, Ye L, Young R A, Livingston D M, Parvin J D (May. 1997). "BRCA1 is a component of the RNA polymerase II holoenzyme". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (UNITED STATES) 94 (11): 5605–10. doi:10.1073/pnas.94.11.5605. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 20825. PMID 9159119. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=20825. 
  6. ^ Chiba, N; Parvin J D (Oct. 2001). "Redistribution of BRCA1 among four different protein complexes following replication blockage". J. Biol. Chem. (United States) 276 (42): 38549–54. doi:10.1074/jbc.M105227200. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 11504724. 
  7. ^ Krum, Susan A; Womack James E, Lane Timothy F (Sep. 2003). "Bovine BRCA1 shows classic responses to genotoxic stress but low in vitro transcriptional activation activity". Oncogene (England) 22 (38): 6032–44. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1206515. ISSN 0950-9232. PMID 12955082. 
  8. ^ Kim, J B; Yamaguchi Y, Wada T, Handa H, Sharp P A (Sep. 1999). "Tat-SF1 Protein Associates with RAP30 and Human SPT5 Proteins". Mol. Cell. Biol. (UNITED STATES) 19 (9): 5960–8. ISSN 0270-7306. PMC 84462. PMID 10454543. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=84462. 
  9. ^ Wada, T; Takagi T, Yamaguchi Y, Ferdous A, Imai T, Hirose S, Sugimoto S, Yano K, Hartzog G A, Winston F, Buratowski S, Handa H (Feb. 1998). "DSIF, a novel transcription elongation factor that regulates RNA polymerase II processivity, is composed of human Spt4 and Spt5 homologs". Genes Dev. (UNITED STATES) 12 (3): 343–56. doi:10.1101/gad.12.3.343. ISSN 0890-9369. PMC 316480. PMID 9450929. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=316480. 
  10. ^ a b c d Acker, J; de Graaff M, Cheynel I, Khazak V, Kedinger C, Vigneron M (Jul. 1997). "Interactions between the human RNA polymerase II subunits". J. Biol. Chem. (UNITED STATES) 272 (27): 16815–21. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.27.16815. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 9201987. 
  11. ^ Sato, Shigeo; Tomomori-Sato Chieri, Parmely Tari J, Florens Laurence, Zybailov Boris, Swanson Selene K, Banks Charles A S, Jin Jingji, Cai Yong, Washburn Michael P, Conaway Joan Weliky, Conaway Ronald C (Jun. 2004). "A set of consensus mammalian mediator subunits identified by multidimensional protein identification technology". Mol. Cell (United States) 14 (5): 685–91. doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2004.05.006. ISSN 1097-2765. PMID 15175163. 
  12. ^ Grondin, B; Côté F, Bazinet M, Vincent M, Aubry M (Oct. 1997). "Direct interaction of the KRAB/Cys2-His2 zinc finger protein ZNF74 with a hyperphosphorylated form of the RNA polymerase II largest subunit". J. Biol. Chem. (UNITED STATES) 272 (44): 27877–85. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.44.27877. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 9346935. 
  13. ^ Kettenberger, Hubert; Armache Karim-Jean, Cramer Patrick (Aug. 2003). "Architecture of the RNA polymerase II-TFIIS complex and implications for mRNA cleavage". Cell (United States) 114 (3): 347–57. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(03)00598-1. ISSN 0092-8674. PMID 12914699. 
  14. ^ Archambault, J; Pan G, Dahmus G K, Cartier M, Marshall N, Zhang S, Dahmus M E, Greenblatt J (Oct. 1998). "FCP1, the RAP74-interacting subunit of a human protein phosphatase that dephosphorylates the carboxyl-terminal domain of RNA polymerase IIO". J. Biol. Chem. (UNITED STATES) 273 (42): 27593–601. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.42.27593. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 9765293. 
  15. ^ Pan, G; Aso T, Greenblatt J (Sep. 1997). "Interaction of elongation factors TFIIS and elongin A with a human RNA polymerase II holoenzyme capable of promoter-specific initiation and responsive to transcriptional activators". J. Biol. Chem. (UNITED STATES) 272 (39): 24563–71. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.39.24563. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 9305922. 
  16. ^ Hamamoto, Ryuji; Furukawa Yoichi, Morita Masashi, Iimura Yuko, Silva Fabio Pittella, Li Meihua, Yagyu Ryuichiro, Nakamura Yusuke (Aug. 2004). "SMYD3 encodes a histone methyltransferase involved in the proliferation of cancer cells". Nat. Cell Biol. (England) 6 (8): 731–40. doi:10.1038/ncb1151. ISSN 1465-7392. PMID 15235609. 
  17. ^ Okazawa, Hitoshi; Rich Tina, Chang Alex, Lin Xi, Waragai Masaaki, Kajikawa Masunori, Enokido Yasushi, Komuro Akihiko, Kato Seishi, Shibata Masao, Hatanaka Hiroshi, Mouradian M Maral, Sudol Marius, Kanazawa Ichiro (May. 2002). "Interaction between mutant ataxin-1 and PQBP-1 affects transcription and cell death". Neuron (United States) 34 (5): 701–13. doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(02)00697-9. ISSN 0896-6273. PMID 12062018. 
  18. ^ a b c Sif, S; Saurin A J, Imbalzano A N, Kingston R E (Mar. 2001). "Purification and characterization of mSin3A-containing Brg1 and hBrm chromatin remodeling complexes". Genes Dev. (United States) 15 (5): 603–18. doi:10.1101/gad.872801. ISSN 0890-9369. PMC 312641. PMID 11238380. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=312641. 
  19. ^ a b c Wang, W; Côté J, Xue Y, Zhou S, Khavari P A, Biggar S R, Muchardt C, Kalpana G V, Goff S P, Yaniv M, Workman J L, Crabtree G R (Oct. 1996). "Purification and biochemical heterogeneity of the mammalian SWI-SNF complex". EMBO J. (ENGLAND) 15 (19): 5370–82. ISSN 0261-4189. PMC 452280. PMID 8895581. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=452280. 
  20. ^ Yang, Jie; Aittomäki Saara, Pesu Marko, Carter Kara, Saarinen Jussi, Kalkkinen Nisse, Kieff Elliott, Silvennoinen Olli (Sep. 2002). "Identification of p100 as a coactivator for STAT6 that bridges STAT6 with RNA polymerase II". EMBO J. (England) 21 (18): 4950–8. doi:10.1093/emboj/cdf463. ISSN 0261-4189. PMC 126276. PMID 12234934. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=126276. 
  21. ^ Suñé, C; Hayashi T, Liu Y, Lane W S, Young R A, Garcia-Blanco M A (Oct. 1997). "CA150, a nuclear protein associated with the RNA polymerase II holoenzyme, is involved in Tat-activated human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transcription". Mol. Cell. Biol. (UNITED STATES) 17 (10): 6029–39. ISSN 0270-7306. PMC 232452. PMID 9315662. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=232452. 
  22. ^ Zhao, K; Wang W, Rando O J, Xue Y, Swiderek K, Kuo A, Crabtree G R (Nov. 1998). "Rapid and phosphoinositol-dependent binding of the SWI/SNF-like BAF complex to chromatin after T lymphocyte receptor signaling". Cell (UNITED STATES) 95 (5): 625–36. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81633-5. ISSN 0092-8674. PMID 9845365. 

Further reading

External links