In cryptography, PKCS #12 is one of the family of standards called Public-Key Cryptography Standards (PKCS), published by RSA Laboratories. It defines a file format commonly used to store X.509 private keys with accompanying public key certificates, protected with a password-based symmetric key, and is the successor to PFX from Microsoft. PFX has received heavy criticism of being one of the most complex cryptographic protocols [1], but nevertheless remains the only standard way today to store private keys and certificates in a single encrypted file.
The file extension for PKCS #12 files is ".p12". These files can be created, parsed and read out with the OpenSSL pkcs12 command.
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