RELA

V-rel reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog A (avian)

PDB rendering based on 1bft.

Available structures
PDB	1NFI, 2O61, 3GUT

Identifiers

Symbols

RELA; MGC131774; NFKB3; p65

External IDs

OMIM: 164014 MGI: 103290 HomoloGene: 32064 GeneCards: RELA Gene

Gene Ontology
Molecular function	• DNA binding • chromatin binding • sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity • sequence-specific enhancer binding RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity • protein binding • transcription factor binding • protein kinase binding • ubiquitin protein ligase binding • protein complex binding • activating transcription factor binding • phosphate binding • identical protein binding • identical protein binding • sequence-specific DNA binding • transcription regulatory region DNA binding • protein N-terminus binding • NF-kappaB binding • repressing transcription factor binding • ankyrin repeat binding
Cellular component	• nucleus • nucleoplasm • nucleoplasm • transcription factor complex • cytoplasm • cytosol • cytosol
Biological process	• liver development • hair follicle development • toll-like receptor signaling pathway • MyD88-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway • MyD88-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway • MyD88-independent toll-like receptor signaling pathway • MyD88-independent toll-like receptor signaling pathway • transcription, DNA-dependent • anti-apoptosis • anti-apoptosis • inflammatory response • cellular defense response • aging • Toll signaling pathway • positive regulation of cell proliferation • response to mechanical stimulus • response to bacterium • organ morphogenesis • response to organic substance • response to inorganic substance • response to UV-B • positive regulation of Schwann cell differentiation • response to organic cyclic compound • cytokine-mediated signaling pathway • membrane protein intracellular domain proteolysis • positive regulation of chondrocyte differentiation • response to muramyl dipeptide • response to lipopolysaccharide • response to progesterone stimulus • response to insulin stimulus • response to cobalamin • toll-like receptor 1 signaling pathway • toll-like receptor 2 signaling pathway • toll-like receptor 3 signaling pathway • toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway • negative regulation of protein catabolic process • response to drug • response to hydrogen peroxide • negative regulation of apoptosis • positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade • response to amino acid stimulus • response to morphine • interspecies interaction between organisms • positive regulation of interleukin-12 biosynthetic process • innate immune response • negative regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent • positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent • positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter • positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter • negative regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway • nerve growth factor receptor signaling pathway • regulation of inflammatory response • T cell receptor signaling pathway • positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity • positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity • response to cAMP • defense response to virus • nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 signaling pathway • response to interleukin-1
Sources: Amigo / QuickGO

RNA expression pattern

More reference expression data

Orthologs

Species

Human

Mouse

RefSeq (mRNA)

RefSeq (protein)

Location (UCSC)

Chr 11:
65.42 – 65.43 Mb

Chr 19:
5.64 – 5.65 Mb

PubMed search

[1]

[2]

Transcription factor p65 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RELA gene.^[1]

NFKB1 (MIM 164011) or NFKB2 (MIM 164012) is bound to REL (MIM 164910), RELA, or RELB (MIM 604758) to form the NF-κB complex. The p50 (NFKB1)/p65 (RELA) heterodimer is the most abundant form of NF-κB. The NF-κB complex is inhibited by IκB (NFKBIA, MIM 164008 or NFKBIB, MIM 604495), which inactivate NF-κB by trapping it in the cytoplasm. Phosphorylation of serine residues on the I-kappa-B proteins by kinases (IKBKA, MIM 600664, or IKBKB, MIM 603258) marks them for destruction via the ubiquitination pathway, thereby allowing activation of the NF-κB complex. Activated NF-κB complex translocates into the nucleus and binds DNA at kappa-B-binding motifs such as 5-prime GGGRNNYYCC 3-prime or 5-prime HGGARNYYCC 3-prime (where H is A, C, or T; R is an A or G purine; and Y is a C or T pyrimidine).[supplied by OMIM]^[2]

1 Interactions
2 References
3 Further reading
4 External links

Interactions

RELA has been shown to interact with NFKBIB,^[3]^[4] ETHE1,^[5] NFKBIE,^[6] RFC1,^[7] TRIB3,^[8] CREB binding protein,^[9]^[10]^[11]^[12]^[13] Neutrophil cytosolic factor 1,^[14] Glucocorticoid receptor,^[15]^[16]^[17] MTPN,^[18] BRCA1,^[19] C-Fos,^[20] POU2F1,^[21] BTRC,^[22] TATA-binding protein,^[23]^[24] IκBα,^[22]^[25]^[26]^[27]^[28]^[29]^[30] NFKB2,^[31]^[32] NFKB1,^[31]^[33] Nuclear receptor co-repressor 2,^[34]^[35] Aryl hydrocarbon receptor,^[36]^[37] CEBPB,^[38]^[39] HDAC3,^[25] DHX9,^[40] PARP1,^[41] ASCC3,^[42] HDAC1,^[10]^[26]^[43] CSNK2A2,^[44] Histone deacetylase 2,^[26]^[45] Casein kinase 2, alpha 1,^[44] Protein kinase Mζ,^[46] STAT3,^[47] RNF25,^[48] Sp1 transcription factor,^[49]^[50] CDK9,^[51] TAF4B,^[52] MEN1,^[53] PPP1R13L,^[54]^[55] APBA2,^[56] REL,^[28]^[31]^[57] ING4,^[58] EP300,^[13]^[26] FUS,^[59] PIAS3^[9] and C-jun.^[20]

References

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^ "Entrez Gene: RELA v-rel reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog A, nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 3, p65 (avian)". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=5970.
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^ Takada, Norio; Sanda Takaomi, Okamoto Hiroshi, Yang Jian-Ping, Asamitsu Kaori, Sarol Lilen, Kimura Genjiro, Uranishi Hiroaki, Tetsuka Toshifumi, Okamoto Takashi (Aug. 2002). "RelA-associated inhibitor blocks transcription of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 by inhibiting NF-kappaB and Sp1 actions". J. Virol. (United States) 76 (16): 8019–30. doi:10.1128/JVI.76.16.8019-8030.2002. ISSN 0022-538X. PMC 155123. PMID 12134007. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=155123.
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MeSH RELA+protein,+human

Transcription factors and intracellular receptors

(1) Basic domains

(1.1) Basic leucine zipper (bZIP)	Activating transcription factor (AATF, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) · AP-1 (c-Fos, FOSB, FOSL1, FOSL2, JDP2, c-Jun, JUNB, JUND) · BACH (1, 2) · BATF · BLZF1 · C/EBP (α, β, γ, δ, ε, ζ) · CREB (1, 3, L1) · CREM · DBP · DDIT3 · GABPA · HLF · MAF (B, F, G, K) · NFE (2, L1, L2, L3) · NFIL3 · NRL · NRF (1, 2, 3) · XBP1

(1.2) Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH)	ATOH1 · AhR · AHRR · ARNT · ASCL1 · BHLHB2 · BMAL (ARNTL, ARNTL2) · CLOCK · EPAS1 · FIGLA · HAND (1, 2) · HES (5, 6) · HEY (1, 2, L) · HES1 · HIF (1A, 3A) · ID (1, 2, 3, 4) · LYL1 · MESP2 · MXD4 · MYCL1 · MYCN · Myogenic regulatory factors (MyoD, Myogenin, MYF5, MYF6) · Neurogenins (1, 2, 3) · NeuroD (1, 2) · NPAS (1, 2, 3) · OLIG (1, 2) · Pho4 · Scleraxis · SIM (1, 2) · TAL (1, 2) · Twist · USF1

(1.3) bHLH-ZIP	AP-4 · MAX · MITF · MNT · MLX · MXI1 · Myc · SREBP (1, 2)

(1.4) NF-1	NFI (A, B, C, X) · SMAD (R-SMAD (1, 2, 3, 5, 9) - I-SMAD (6, 7) - 4)

(1.5) RF-X	RFX (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, ANK)

(1.6) Basic helix-span-helix (bHSH)	AP-2 (α, β, γ, δ, ε)

(2) Zinc finger DNA-binding domains

(2.1) Nuclear receptor (Cys₄)	subfamily 1 (Thyroid hormone (α, β), CAR, FXR, LXR (α, β), PPAR (α, β/δ, γ), PXR, RAR (α, β, γ), ROR (α, β, γ), Rev-ErbA (α, β), VDR) subfamily 2 (COUP-TF (I, II), Ear-2, HNF4 (α, γ), PNR, RXR (α, β, γ), Testicular receptor (2, 4), TLX) subfamily 3 (Steroid hormone (Androgen, Estrogen (α, β), Glucocorticoid, Mineralocorticoid, Progesterone), Estrogen related (α, β, γ)) subfamily 4 NUR (NGFIB, NOR1, NURR1) · subfamily 5 (LRH-1, SF1) · subfamily 6 (GCNF) · subfamily 0 (DAX1, SHP)

(2.2) Other Cys₄	GATA (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) · MTA (1, 2, 3) · TRPS1

(2.3) Cys₂His₂	General transcription factors (TFIIA, TFIIB, TFIID, TFIIE (1, 2), TFIIF (1, 2), TFIIH (1, 2, 4, 2I, 3A, 3C1, 3C2)) ATBF1 · BCL (6, 11A, 11B) · CTCF · E4F1 · EGR (1, 2, 3, 4) · ERV3 · GFI1 · GLI-Krüppel family (1, 2, 3, REST, S2, YY1) · HIC (1, 2) · HIVEP (1, 2, 3) · IKZF (1, 2, 3) · ILF (2, 3) · KLF (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17) · MTF1 · MYT1 · OSR1 · PRDM9 · SALL (1, 2, 3, 4) · SP (1, 2, 4, 7, 8) · TSHZ3 · WT1 · Zbtb7 (7A, 7B) · ZBTB (16, 17, 20, 32, 33, 40) · zinc finger (3, 7, 9, 10, 19, 22, 24, 33B, 34, 35, 41, 43, 44, 51, 74, 143, 146, 148, 165, 202, 217, 219, 238, 239, 259, 267, 268, 281, 295, 300, 318, 330, 346, 350, 365, 366, 384, 423, 451, 452, 471, 593, 638, 644, 649, 655)

(2.4) Cys₆	HIVEP1

(2.5) Alternating composition	AIRE · DIDO1 · GRLF1 · ING (1, 2, 4) · JARID (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 2) · JMJD1B

(3) Helix-turn-helix domains

(3.1) Homeodomain	ARX · CDX (1, 2) · CRX · CUTL1 · DBX (1, 2) · DLX (3, 4, 5) · EMX2 · EN (1, 2) · FHL (1, 2, 3) · HESX1 · HHEX · HLX · Homeobox (A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A7, A9, A10, A11, A13, B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8, B9, B13, C4, C5, C6, C8, C9, C10, C11, C12, C13, D1, D3, D4, D8, D9, D10, D11, D12, D13) · HOPX · IRX (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, MKX) · LMX (1A, 1B) · MEIS (1, 2) · MEOX2 · MNX1 · MSX (1, 2) · NANOG · NKX (2-1, 2-2, 2-3, 2-5, 3-1, 3-2, 6-1, 6-2) · NOBOX · PBX (1, 2, 3) · PHF (1, 3, 6, 8, 10, 16, 17, 20, 21A) · PHOX (2A, 2B) · PITX (1, 2, 3) · POU domain (PIT-1, BRN-3: A, B, C, Octamer transcription factor: 1, 2, 3/4, 6, 7, 11) · OTX (1, 2) · PDX1 · SATB2 · SHOX2 · VAX1 · ZEB (1, 2)

(3.2) Paired box	PAX (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)

(3.3) Fork head / winged helix	E2F (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) · FOX proteins (A1, A2, A3, C1, C2, D3, D4, E1, E3, F1, G1, H1, I1, J1, J2, K1, K2, L2, M1, N1, N3, O1, O3, O4, P1, P2, P3, P4)

(3.4) Heat Shock Factors	HSF (1, 2, 4)

(3.5) Tryptophan clusters	ELF (2, 4, 5) · EGF · ELK (1, 3, 4) · ERF · ETS (1, 2, ERG, SPIB) · ETV (1, 4, 5, 6) · FLI1 · Interferon regulatory factors (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) · MYB · MYBL2

(3.6) TEA domain	transcriptional enhancer factor (1, 2, 3, 4)

(4) β-Scaffold factors with minor groove contacts

(4.1) Rel homology region	NF-κB (NFKB1, NFKB2, REL, RELA, RELB) · NFAT (C1, C2, C3, C4, 5)

(4.2) STAT	STAT (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)

(4.3) p53	p53 · TBX (1, 2, 3, 5, 19, 21, 22, Brachyury, TBR1, TBR2) · TP63

(4.4) MADS box	Mef2 (A, B, C, D) · SRF

(4.6) TATA binding proteins	TBP · TBPL1

(4.7) High-mobility group	BBX · HMGB (1, 2, 3, 4) · HMGN (1, 2, 3, 4) · HNF (1A, 1B) · LEF1 · SOX (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 18, 21) · SRY · SSRP1 · TCF (3, 4) · TOX (1, 2, 3, 4)

(4.10) Cold-shock domain	CSDA, YBX1

(4.11) Runt	CBF (CBFA2T2, CBFA2T3, RUNX1, RUNX2, RUNX3, RUNX1T1)

(0) Other transcription factors

(0.2) HMGI(Y)	HMGA (1, 2) · HBP1

(0.3) Pocket domain	Rb · RBL1 · RBL2

(0.5) AP-2/EREBP-related factors	Apetala 2 · EREBP · B3

(0.6) Miscellaneous	ARID (1A, 1B, 2, 3A, 3B, 4A) · CAP · IFI (16, 35) · MLL (2, 3, T1) · MNDA · NFY (A, B, C) · Rho/Sigma

see also transcription factor/coregulator deficiencies
B bsyn: dna (repl, cycl, reco, repr) · tscr (fact, tcrg, nucl, rnat, rept, ptts) · tltn (risu, pttl, nexn) · dnab, rnab/runp · stru (domn, 1°, 2°, 3°, 4°)

RELA

Contents

Interactions

References

Further reading

External links