| Ocaina | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Spoken in | Peru, Colombia | |||
| Native speakers | 66 (date missing) | |||
| Language family |
Bora–Huitoto
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| Language codes | ||||
| ISO 639-3 | oca | |||
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Ocaina is an indigenous American language spoken in western South America.
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Ocaina belongs to the Witotoan language family. It is its own group within the Huitoto-Ocaina sub-family.
Ocaina is spoken by 54 people in northeastern Peru and by 12 more in the Amazonas region of Colombia. Few children speak the language.
There are two dialects of Ocaina: Dukaiya and Ibo'tsa.
| Bilabial | Alveolar | Postalveolar/ Palatal |
Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | lenis | m | n | ɲ | ||
| fortis | mː | nː | ɲː | |||
| Plosive | p b | t r | tʲ dʲ | k ɡ | ʔ | |
| Affricate | ts dz | tʃ dʒ | ||||
| Fricative | ɸ β | s | ʃ ʒ | x | h | |
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| High | i, ĩ | ɨ, ɨ̃ | |
| Low | e | a, ã | o, õ |
Syllables in Ocaina may be marked with one of two tones: high or low.
Syllables in Ocaina consist of a vowel; single consonants may appear on either side of the vowel: (C)V(C).
Ocaina is written using a modified version of the Latin alphabet. A chart of symbols with the sounds they represent as is follows:
| Latin | IPA | Latin | IPA | Latin | IPA | Latin | IPA | Latin | IPA | Latin | IPA | Latin | IPA | Latin | IPA | Latin | IPA | Latin | IPA | Latin | IPA |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| a | /a/ | b | /b/ | c | /k/ | ch | /tʃ/ | ds | /dz/ | dy | /dʲ/ | e | /e/ | f | /ɸ/ | g | /ɡ/ | h | /ʔ/ | i | /i/ |
| j | /h/ | k | /k/ | ll | /dʒ/ | m | /m/ | m̈ | /mː/ | n | /n/ | n̈ | /nː/ | ñ | /ɲ/ | ñ̈ | /ɲː/ | o | /o/ | p | /p/ |
| q | /k/ | r | /r/ | s | /s/ | sh | /ʃ/ | t | /t/ | ts | /ts/ | ty | /tʲ/ | u | /ɨ/ | v | /β/ | x | /x/ | y | /ʒ/ |