Valeriya Novodvorskaya

Valeriya Novodvorskaya
1st Chairman of the Democratic Union
Incumbent
Assumed office 8 May 1988
Preceded by	Position created
Personal details
Born	17 May 1950 (1950-05-17) (age 61) Baranovichi, Belorussian SSR, Soviet Union
Nationality	Russia
Political party	Democratic Union
Occupation	journalist of "The New Times"

Valeriya Ilyinichna Novodvorskaya (Russian: Вале́рия Ильи́нична Новодво́рская; born May 17, 1950, Baranavichy, Belorussian SSR, USSR) is a liberal ^[1] Russian politician, Soviet dissident, the founder and the chairwoman of the "Democratic Union" party, and a member of the editorial board of The New Times.^[2] Many of her remarks have provoked controversy.

Contents 1 Career 1.1 Soviet Union 1.2 Russia 1.2.1 Political career 1.2.2 Political activism 1.2.3 Statements of Novodvorskaya 2 Awards 3 Her books 4 See also 5 References 6 External links

Career

Soviet Union

Novodvorskaya has been active in the Soviet dissidents movement since her youth, and first imprisoned by the Soviet authorities in 1969 for distributing leaflets that criticized the Soviet invasion in Czechoslovakia (Prague Spring). The leaflets included her poetry: "Thank you, the Communist Party for our bitterness and despair, for our shameful silence, thank you the Party!".^[3] Novodvorskaya was only 19 at this time. She was arrested, imprisoned at Soviet psychiatric hospital (officially she was diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia^[4]). She described her experiences there in her book Beyond Despair. In the early 1990s, psychiatrists of the Independent Psychiatric Association of Russia and G. N. Sotsevich proved the absence of mental illness in Novodvorskaya.^[5][6]

Russia

Political career

Novodvorskaya stood as a candidate for the radical liberal party Democratic Union in the 1993 Russian legislative election in a single-mandate district as part of the Russia's Choice bloc, and she also contested the 1995 Russian legislative election on the list of the Party of Economic Freedom. She was not elected in either election, and hasn't yet held public office.^[7]

Political activism

Novodvorskaya self-identifies as democratic and liberal politician. She also sometimes calls herself and her allies successors to the Russian White movement tradition.^[8] She is openly critical of Russian government policies, including Chechen Wars, domestic policies of Vladimir Putin, and the alleged rebirth of Soviet propaganda in Russia^[9][10][11]

In an interview with Echo Moskvy, in which she was discussing the 2008 South Ossetia War, Novodvorskaya said that Shamil Basayev was a democrat, given his support of Boris Yeltsin during the 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt and his participation in the government of Aslan Maskhadov in 1997, who had appointed Basayev Deputy Premier of the Ichkerian government.^[12] According to her, it was Russian governmental policies in Chechnya that turned Basayev into a terrorist.^[13] In response, Alexey Venediktov, the editor-in-chief of the radio station, pulled the recording and transcripts of the program from the Echo Moskvy website.^[14] She later accused Venediktov of censorship and slander and suggested that the decision to remove the interview may have been due to Gazprom, a state-owned company, being a controlling shareholder in Echo Moskvy.^[15] Venediktov asserted this to be his own decision and confirmed that Novodvorskaya was banned from the station until the end of 2008.^[16]

In March 2010 she signed the online anti-Putin manifesto of the Russian opposition "Putin must go".

Statements of Novodvorskaya

In 1993 she published a short article "We won't give away our right" (Russian: Не отдадим наше право налево, Novy Vzglyad newspaper, August 23, issue #119^{[17][18][18][19][20][21]}). In it she made controversial claims, like:

• Novodvorskaya has stated that human rights are not universal. They should be reserved for the moral and "good people", naming people like Khomeini or Kim Il-sung as not deserving rights.^[22][23] She looks upon this as justified discrimination.^[22]
• "For example, I am absolutely not concerned about the number of missiles the democratic U.S. will fire against the undemocratic Iraq. In my opinion, the more the better. Similarly, I am absolutely not horrified with the annoyance that happened with Hiroshima and Nagasaki. But have a look now, what a candy modern Japan is. Just like a 'Snickers'. The G7 meets in Tokyo, there is a liberal parliament. The game was worth the expenses. I would be just happy if the U.S. preserved all of its thinkable and unthinkable priorities and wouldn't forget to throw sometimes something on those who deviate from the liberal way and behave badly. Unavoidability of punishment is the only thing that can keep humanity from political and moral regress, and do not tell me about remorse: a human being has no remorse. Some special advanced specimens have it, but the majority does not."^[24]
• "Apartheid is a normal thing. SAR will see yet what order will be established by the native population that is having fun with arson, murders, violence. They wouldn't feel well of that... Civilian rights exist for educated, gorged, balanced people with good upbringing." ^[24]
• "Personally I am quite gorged with human rights. Once ago we, the CIA, and the United States used that idea as a battering ram to destroy the Communist regime and make the USSR collapse. That idea is outdated and let's stop lying about human rights and human rights defenders. Otherwise, there is a risk of cutting the branch we all are sitting upon."^[24]

Novodvorskaya was prosecuted — charges were later dropped — for some of her statements in the mid-1990s.^[25]

In an interview with a Georgian newspaper, Novodvorskaya said that Georgia "did well" in terminating diplomatic relations with Russia because this will bring the "pleasure of seeing Russia destroyed." ^[26]

In 2007 Novodvorskaya commented:

• "If the U.S. attacked Russia it would be good for us. It's better for Russia to be a state of the U.S. But I think Americans don't need us. That's why we have to prepare for a war against stupidity, degradation and restoring Soviet ways." ^[27]

Valeria Novodvorskaya alleged that the inclusion of the scenario of the blowing up of Lech Kaczyński's aircraft in a March 2010 mockumentary shown on Georgian television is evidence of complicity of the Russian State in the death of the Polish President in a plane crash on 10 April 2010 in Smolensk Oblast.^[28]

Awards

Novodvorskaya received the Starovoytova award "for contribution to the defense of human rights and strengthening democracy in Russia". She said at the ceremony that "we are not in opposition to, but in confrontation with, the present regime".^[29]

Her books

• Valeriya Novodvorskaya has released few books that are supplemented with the publications from the Novy Vzglyad newspaper ^[30] (ISBN 978-5-8159-0893-2).

• Valeriya Novodvorskaya. Beyond despair. .Moscow, Novosti. 1993 Валерия Новодворская. По ту сторону отчаяния. (Russian)

See also

• Larisa Arap
• Natalya Medvedeva
• Eduard Limonov
• Evgeny Dodolev
• Vitaly Korotich
• Alexander Prokhanov

References

External links

• The Democratic Union
• Opinions on grani.ru (Russian)
• «It can very soon come to pogroms», interview with Novodvorskaya, Jewish Observer, 21/40. November 2002

Soviet dissidents Andrei Amalrik Mykola Bakay Anna Barkova Vasile Bătrânac Yuri Bezmenov Larisa Bogoraz Yelena Bonner Leonid Borodin Alexei Borovoi Vladimir Bougrine Joseph Brodsky Vladimir Bukovsky Valery Chalidze Lev Chernyi Viacheslav Chornovil Lydia Chukovskaya Yuli Daniel Vadim Delaunay David Devdariani Mihai Dolgan Ivan Drach Alexander Esenin-Volpin Eliyahu Essas Benjamin Fain Viktor Fainberg Moysey Fishbein Ilya Gabay Yuri Galanskov Alexander Galich Zviad Gamsakhurdia Alexander Ginzburg Yevgenia Ginzburg Semyon Gluzman Natalya Gorbanevskaya Pyotr Grigorenko Vasily Grossman Paruyr Hayrikyan Oleksa Hirnyk Mykola Horbal Grigory Isayev Boris Kagarlitsky Romas Kalanta Sofiya Kalistratova Ihor Kalynets Vitaliy Kalynychenko Dina Kaminskaya Ivan Kandyba Ephraim Kholmyansky Yuliy Kim Lev Kopelev Boris Korczak Anatoly Koryagin Merab Kostava Lina Kostenko Sergei Kovalev Zoya Krakhmalnikova Jüri Kukk Eduard Kuznetsov Anatoly Kuznetsov Yaroslav Lesiv Eduard Limonov Pavel Litvinov Levko Lukyanenko Kronid Lyubarsky Michail J. Makarenko Guram Mamulia Nadezhda Mandelstam Osip Mandelstam Anatoly Marchenko Valeriy Marchenko Myroslav Marynovych Roy Medvedev Zhores Medvedev Naum Meiman Yosef Mendelevitch Ion Moraru Viktor Muravin Mustafa Abdülcemil Qırımoğlu Lev Navrozov Viktor Nekipelov Alexander Nekrich Valeria Novodvorskaya Vasile Odobescu Yuri Orlov Boris Pasternak Yekaterina Peshkova Leonid Plyushch Alexandr Podrabinek Grigory Pomerants Irina Ratushinskaya Maria Rozanova Mykola Rudenko Ain Saar Andrei Sakharov Dmitri Savitski Shmuel Schneurson Efraim Sevela Igor Shafarevich Varlam Shalamov Vladimir Shelkov Danylo Shumuk Andrei Sinyavsky Victor Sokolov Sergei Soldatov Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn Vladimir Strelnikov Vasyl Stus Sultan Galiev Nadiya Svitlychna Vasyl Symonenko Les Tanyuk Alexander Tarasov Valery Tarsis Enn Tarto Georgi Vins Georgi Vladimov Vladimir Voinovich Michael Voslenski Gleb Yakunin Yevgeny Zamyatin Aleksandr Zinovyev Yosyf Zisels

Persondata
Name	Novodvorskaya, Valeria
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	May 17, 1950
Place of birth	Baranovichi, Belorussian SSR, USSR
Date of death
Place of death