| Nikolaus zu Dohna-Schlodien | |
|---|---|
| Born | 5 April 1879 Mallmitz, Province of Silesia, Imperial Germany |
| Died | 21 August 1956 (aged 77) Baierbach, West Germany |
| Allegiance | Imperial Germany |
| Service/branch | Navy |
| Years of service | 1896-1919 |
| Rank | Fregattenkapitän |
| Commands held | SMS Tsingtau SMS Möwe |
| Battles/wars | |
| Awards | Pour le Mérite Military Order of Max Joseph Military Order of St. Henry Military Merit Order (Württemberg) Militär-Karl-Friedrich-Verdienstorden |
Nikolaus Burggraf und Graf zu Dohna-Schlodien (5 April 1879 – 21 August 1956) was a German naval officer and author.
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Nikolaus zu Dohna-Schlodien was born in Mallmitz (today Małomice, Poland) to Alfred zu Dohna-Schlodien (1849–1907) and Margarethe née von der Hagen (1845–1932).[1]
Dohna-Schlodien joined the German Imperial Navy in 1896, became a Second Lieutenant in 1899 and First Lieutenant in 1902.[1] Immediately after the Boxer Rebellion he served on SMS Tiger in East Asia in 1901/02 and became the Commander of the Kanonenboot SMS Tsingtau in 1910-12. In 1913 he became the Navigationofficer of the SMS Posen and was promoted to a Korvettenkapitän.[2]
In 1915, after the outbreak of World War I, the banana freighter Pungo of the F. Laeisz line was reconstructed as a minelayer and armed merchantman, renamed SMS Möwe, and placed under Dohna’s command.[3] Through his success as commander of the Möwe, Dohna and his crew became popular war heroes like the crews of SMS Wolf (commanded by Karl August Nerger) and SMS Seeadler (commanded by Felix von Luckner). A motion picture was made in 1917 about Dohna's exploits,[4] and he was appointed naval adjutant to the German emperor, Wilhelm II.
After World War I Dohna-Schlodien commanded a Freikorps in the Silesian Uprisings and retired from the Navy in 1919. He worked as a merchant in Hamburg and moved to Baierbach in the 1930s, where he died in 1956.
He married Hilde von Laffert, the widow of one of his good friends and colleagues, Captain Hans von Laffert, commander of the SMS Leopard in the Action of 16 March 1917. Hilde had one daughter, Marion von Laffert, and Nikolaus and Hilde had two additional daughters together, Hildegarde and Margaret. Dohna-Schlodien was well remembered and respected by English naval officers. He always made sure to rescue every last survivor of any ships that he had sunk. When the Allies had invaded the Bavarian area, the Dohna-Schlodien family were treated with respect. Special instructions had been given by Allied generals to not interfere with the family and to allow them to remain in their home unfettered during the invasion.
Regarding personal names: Graf was a title, translated as Count, not a first or middle name. The female form is Gräfin. In Germany, however, since 1919 Graf is no title any more but part of the surname, thus following the given name(s) and not to be translated.