This article does not offer any opinion about what the "original", "official", "real" or "correct" name of any city is or was. Cities are listed alphabetically by their current best-known name in English. The English version is followed by variants in other languages, in alphabetical order by name, and then by any historical variants and former names.
Foreign names that are the same as their English equivalents may be listed, to provide an answer to the question "What is that name in...?".
| English Name |
Other names or former names |
| Aleppo |
Alep (Catalan*, Croatian*, French*, Romanian*, Slovene*), Alep - Алеп (Serbian)*, Alepas (Lithuanian)*, Alepo (Basque*, Esperanto*, Galician*, Spanish*), Ālèpō - 阿勒颇 [simplified] 阿勒頗 [traditional] (Chinese)*, Alepo or Haleba (Latvian)*, Alepo or Ḩalab (Estonian)*, Alepo or Aleppo (Portuguese)*, Aleppo (Breton*, Czech*, Danish*, Dutch*, Finnish*, German*, Indonesian*, Italian*, Norwegian [Bokmål]*, Polish*, Swedish*, Welsh*), Aleppó (Hungarian)*, Aleppo - Алеппо or Khaleb - Халеб (Russian*,[1] Ukrainian*), Aleppu (Sicilian)*, Alippu (Inuktitut), Allepo - 알레포 (Korean)*, Areppo - アレッポ (Japanese)*, Ash-Shahbā’ (lit., "the gray one") - الشهباء (Arabic [rare]),[1] Beroea (Latin)*,[1] Chalépio(n) - Χαλέπιο(ν) (Greek),[1] Hadad / Halab (Syriac), Halab (Uzbek), Ḥalab - حلب (Arabic*,[1] Ottoman Turkish), Halab - Ҳалаб (Tajik)*, H̱aleb - חַלֶבּ / H̱āleb - חאלב / ארם צובה Aram Zoba - (Hebrew)*,[1] Halep - Հալեպ (Armenian)*,[1] Halep (Turkish)*,[1] Heleb (Kurdish)*,[1] Hələb (Azeri), Vérria - Βέρροια (Hellenistic & Byzantine Greek), ალეპო (Georgian), హాలెప్పో (Telugu), अलेप्पो (Marathi) |
| Almaty |
Ālā-Mùtú - 阿拉木圖 (traditional characters) 阿拉木图 (simplified characters) (Chinese), Alma Ata (Dutch, Finnish, French, German, Interlingua, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Macedonian, Serbian [as Алма Ата], Sicilian, Slovak, Slovene, Turkish), Almata (Latvian, Lithuanian), Ałma Ata (Polish), Almatë (Albanian), Olma-Ota (Uzbek) Almati (Catalan, Galician, Hungarian), Almatı (Crimean Tatar, Finnish), Almato (Esperanto), Almatõ (Estonian), Алматы - Almaty (Kazakh), Álma-Áty - Άλμα-Άτυ (Greek), Armatii (Inuktitut), Arumatui - アルマトゥイ (Japanese), ალმა-ათა / ალმატი (Georgian), अलमती (Marathi), ఎల్మాటీ (Telugu)
Former names: Viernyi (former name, e.g. in French) |
| Amman |
Amã (Portuguese), Aman (Novial, Slovene), Аман - Aman (Serbian) Amán (Galician), Amàn (Haitian Creole), Amanas (Lithuanian), Amano (Esperanto), Amans (Samogitian), Амман - Amman (Russian), Amman (Inuktitut), Amman - アンマン (Japanese), Ammán (Czech, Hungarian, Slovak, Spanish), ‘Ammān (Estonian), عمان - Ammān (Arabic), Ammāna (Latvian), Philadelphia (Latin), Philadélpheia - Φιλαδέλφεια (Greek [archaic]), Rabbat Ammon - רבת עמון (Hebrew), 安曼(Chinese), ამანი (Georgian), అమ్మాన్ (Telugu), अम्मान (Marathi) |
| Ankara |
Ángyra - Άγκυρα (Greek), Ancara (Galician, Portuguese), Ancyra (Latin), Angora (former English, former Italian, former Romanian, former French), Ankara - Անկարա (Armenian), Ankara - Анкара (Russian, Serbian), Aqqara/Atqara (Inuktitut), Ankara - アンカラ (Japanese), Ankaro (Esperanto), Anqara (Azeri, Uzbek), Anqara - أنقرة (Arabic), Enqere (Kurdish), 安卡拉 (Chinese), ანკარა (Georgian), అంకారా (Telugu) |
| Antioch |
Antakya (Turkish)*, Antioche (French)*, Antiochia (Hungarian*, Interlingua, Latin, Slovak), Antiochia or Antiochia/Antioch/Antiochien am Orontes (German)*, Antiochia or Antiochia di Siria (Italian)*, Antiochia or Antiochia Syryjska (Polish)*, Antiochia or Antiochia vid Orontes (Swedish)*, Antióchia - Αντιόχεια (Greek), Antióchia i epí Dáfni - Αντιόχεια η επί Δάφνη / Antióchia i epí Oróntu - Αντιόχεια η επί Ορόντου / Antióchia i Megáli - Αντιόχεια η Μεγάλη (extended names in Greek), Antioxiya, Antakya (Azeri), Antiochie (Czech)*, Antiochië (Dutch)*, Antioch-on-the-Orontes (extended name in English), Antiohia (Romanian), Antiokia (Indonesian, Danish*, Finnish*), Anniukkia (Inuktitut), Antiokia - アンティオキア (Japanese), Antioquia (Catalan), Antioquía (Spanish)*, Antióquia (Portuguese)*, Antiohija (Croatian, Bosnian), Antiohija - Антиохија (Macedonian, Serbian*), ანტიოქია (Georgian), ఏంటియోక్ (Telugu) |
| Ashkhabad |
Ašchabád (Czech, Slovak), Aschchabad, Aschgabad or Aschgabat (German), Ašgabat (Finnish), Aşgabat or Aşkabat (Turkish), Asgabate (Portuguese), Ashkhabad - Ашхабад (Russian), Aşhabad (Italian, Montenegrin, Romanian), Ašhabad - Ашхабад (Macedonian, Serbian), Ašhabada (Latvian), Ashgabat (Turkmen), Asiqhapaati (Inuktitut), Ashigabādo - アシガバード (Japanese), Ashxobod (Uzbek), Asjchabad (Dutch), Aşqabad (Azeri), Aszchabad (Polish), Išq Ābād (Arabic), აშხაბადი / აშგაბატი (Georgian), عشق آباد (Persian), అస్కాబాద్ (Telugu) |
| Astana |
Akmola (variant in Finnish), Ostona (Uzbek), Akmola (variant in Russian), Akmoła (former Polish), Aqmola (former Kazakh), Astana - Астана (Kazakh, Dutch, Finnish, Italian, Latvian, Polish, Romanian, Russian, Macedonian, Serbian, Turkish, Azeri), Tselinograd (former Russian), Astanà (Catalan), Astaná (Spanish), Asutana/Aqsana/Angmulaq (Inuktitut), Asutana - アスタナ (Japanese), ასტანა (Georgian), అస్తానా (Telugu) |
| English Name |
Other names or former names |
| Bandung |
Bandon - バンドン (Japanese), Bandhung (Javanese), Bandung, Бандунг (Cyrillic Script), Bandungas (Lithuanian), Bandungo (Esperanto), Bandunj - باندونج (Arabic), Wànlóng - 萬隆 (Mandarin Chinese) |
| Bangalore |
Bangarōru - バンガロール (Japanese), ბენგალორი (Georgian), બેંગલોર (Gujarati), बंगलौर (Hindi [traditional]), बेंगलूरु (Hindi [phonetic transcription of Kannada name]), ಬೆಂಗಳೂರು (Kannada), 뱅갈로(Korean), ബാംഗ്ലൂര് (Malayalam), बंगळूर (Marathi), பெங்களூர் (Tamil), బెంగుళూరు (Telugu), بنگلور (Urdu) |
| Bangkok |
Bancác (Irish), Bangóg - Μπανγκόγκ (Greek), Banguecoque or Bangkok (Portuguese), Băng Cốc (Vietnamese), Bankoku - バンコク (Japanese), Krung Thep Maha Nakhon - กรุงเทพมหานคร (Thai), Màngǔ - 曼谷 (Mandarin Chinese), ბანგკოკი (Georgian), 방콕 (Korean), బేంగ్కాక్ (Telugu) |
| Beijing |
Bắc Kinh (Vietnamese), Baekging (Zhuang), Bākgìng - 北京 (Cantonese), Bākpìhng - 北平 (Cantonese [archaic]), Beežin - Бээжин / Bejžin - Бэйжин (Mongolian), Běijīng - 北京 (Chinese), Beijing - 베이징 (Korean [modern]), Beijing (Romanian), Běipíng - 北平 (Chinese [archaic, also alternate in Taiwan]), Béising / Péicing (Irish), Bêjing - པེ་ཅིང (Tibetan), Béyjing - بېيجىڭ / Бейҗиң (Uighur), Bukgyeong - 북경 / 北京 (Korean [former]), Pak-kiaⁿ - 北京 (Minnan, Taiwanese), Pechino (Italian), Pechinum (Latin), Pecin / Beijing (Welsh), Pékin (French), Pekin - 北京 / ペキン (Japanese), Pekin (Polish, Turkish, former Romanian), Pekin - Пекин (former Romanian, Russian), Pekín (Spanish), Peking (Croatian, Czech, Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, German, Hungarian, Slovenian, Swedish), Peking - Пекинг (Serbian), Pekíno - Πεκίνο (Greek), Pequim (Portuguese), Pequín (Catalan), პეკინი (Georgian), బేజింగ్ (Telugu), ปักกิ่ง (Thai) |
| Beirut |
Beyrouth (French), Bayrūt - بيروت (Arabic, Urdu, Persian), Virytós - Βηρυτός (Greek), Beyrut - Բեյրութ (Armenian), Beiroet (Afrikaans, Dutch), Bejrút (Czech, Hungarian), Bejrut - Бейрут (Russian, Belarussian, Bulgarian, Ukrainian), Beyrut (Turkish) |
| Bengkulu City |
Bangka Hulu (Indonesian [archaic], Malay [archaic]), Bencoolen (former English colonial name), Benkoelen (Dutch), Benkuru - ベンクル (Japanese), Kota Bengkulu (Indonesian, Malay), బెంగ్కూళు నగరం (Telugu) |
| Bishkek |
Bichkek (French), Bischkek (German), Bishukeku - ビシュケク (Japanese), Bisjkek (Dutch), Biškek (Croatian, Finnish, Slovenian), Biškek - Бишкек (Macedonian, Serbian), Bişkek (Romanian, Turkish), Biškeka (Latvian), Biškekas (Lithuanian), Biszkek (Polish), Bixkek (Catalan), బిష్కెక్ (Telugu), ბიშკეკი (Georgian); Frunze (former name) |
| Bukhara |
Boechara (Dutch), Boxārā - بُخارا (Persian), Buchara (Italian), Buhara (Finnish, Turkish, Turkmen), Buhara - ブハラ (Japanese), Buhara - Бухара (Serbian), Buhhaara (Estonian), Bujara (Spanish), Bukharà (Catalan), Bukhara - Бұхара (Kazakh), Bukhara - Бухара (Russian), Bukhoro - Бухоро (Tajik), Buxara (Azeri), Buxoro (Uzbek), ბუხარა (Georgian), బుఖారా (Telugu) |
| Bursa |
Boersa (Dutch), Brousse (former French), Bursa (Azeri, Dutch, Finnish, Italian, Macedonian, Romanian, Turkish), Bursa - בורסה (Hebrew), Bursa - Бурса (Serbian), Burusa - ブルサ (Japanese), Proúsa - Προύσα (Greek), Prusa (Latin), ბურსა (Georgian), బుర్సా (Telugu) |
| English Name |
Other names or former names |
| Cairo |
القاهرة - Al-Qāhirah (Arabic), El Cairo (Spanish), Il Cairo (Italian), El Caire (Catalan), Kairo (Esperanto, Finnish, German, Serbian [as Каиро], Swedish), Kairo - カイロ (Japanese), Kairó (Hungarian), Kair (Polish), Le Caire (French), ქაირო (Georgian), Каир (Russian), Kahire (Turkish),Kaherah (Malay),Қаһіра(Kazakh) |
| Chengdu |
成都 - Chéngdu (Chinese), Seito - 成都 {せいと} (Japanese), 成都 (성도) - Seongdo (Korean), Thành Đô (Vietnamese), చెంగ్డు (Telugu), Chingdū - چېڭدۇ/чеңду (Uighur) |
| Chennai |
Chennnai - チェンナイ (Japanese), Madras (former name), Madràs (alternate in Catalan), Μάδρας (Greek), Mədrəs (alternate in Azeri), চেন্নাই (Bengali), ચેન્નઈ (Gujarati), चेन्नई (Hindi, Marathi), ಚೆನ್ನೈ (Kannada), சென்னை (Tamil), చెన్న పట్టణం (Telugu), మద్రాసు (former name in Telugu), چنئی (Urdu) |
| Chittagong |
Chittagon - チッタゴン (Japanese), Chottogram - চট্টগ্রাম (Bengali), చిట్టాగోంగ్ (Telugu) |
| Chongqing |
重慶 - Chóngqìng (Chinese), Jūkei - 重慶 {じゅうけい} -(Japanese), 重慶 (중경) - Chunggyeong (Korean), چۇڭچىڭ/ чуңчиң - Chungqing (Dutch) - Chūngchīng (Uighur) - Trùng Khánh (Vietnamese), చోంగ్కింగ్ (Telugu) |
| English Name |
Other names or former names |
| Damascus |
Dimašq - دمشق / Ash-Shām - الشام / Jilliq - جلق (Arabic), Şam (Kurdish, Crimean Tatar, Turkish), Δαμασκός (Greek), Dımeşk (obsolete Turkish), Damaskos - Դամասկոս, Šam - Շամ (Armenian), Dəməşq, Şam (Azeri), Damas (French), Dammeseq - דַּמֶּשֶׂק (Hebrew), Damask - Дамаск (Russian, Bulgarian), Dimaşq˙ (Chechen), ¯Sam - Щам (Kabardian [Circassian]), Damesek (Karaim), Damasc (Catalan, Romanian), Damasco (Italian, Spanish, Portuguese), Damascus (Dutch, Latin, Welsh), Damasko (Esperanto), Damaskus (Danish, Estonian, German, Indonesia, Norwegian), Damask - Дамаск (Albanian, Croatian, Serbian, Slovenian), Damaszkusz (Hungarian), Damašek (Czech), Damaszek (Polish), Damaskos (Finnish, Northern Lapp), Damaisc (Irish), Dimshek (Somali), Dameski (Swahili), Damashƙa (Hausa), Damaxk - دهمهشق (Uighur), Dàmǎshìgé - 大馬士革 (Chinese), Dàmǎshìgé - 大马士革 (Simplified Chinese), Damasukasu - ダマスカス (Japanese), Damaseukuseu - 다마스쿠스 (Korean), Damsyik (Malay), Dameshk - দামেস্ক (Bengali), დამასკო (Georgian) |
| Da Nang |
Đà Nẵng (Vietnamese), Danan - ダナン (Japanese), Tourane (French [former]), Xiàngǎng - 峴港 (traditional characters) 岘港 (simplified characters) (Mandarin Chinese). |
| Dhaka |
ঢাকা (Bengali), ढाका (Hindi, Marathi), ڈھاکا (Urdu), ઢાકા (Gujarati), Dacca (former English name until 1982, Italian, former Romanian, Spanish, alternate in Catalan), Dákǎ 達卡 (traditional characters) 达卡 (simplified characters) (Mandarin Chinese), Dakka - Дакка (Russian), Dakka - ダッカ (Japanese), Dəkkə (Azeri), Daca (Portuguese), დაკა (Georgian) |
| Dushanbe |
Doesjanbe (Dutch), Douchanbé (French), Dušanbe - Душанбе (Croatian, Finnish, Latvian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovenian, Tajik), 'Duŝanbeo (Esperanto), Duixanbe (Catalan), Dušanbė (Lithuanian), Duşanbe (Romanian, Turkish), Düşənbə (Azeri), Dūšānbī (Arabic), Duschanbe (German), Dushambe - ドゥシャンベ (Japanese), Dusjanbe (Swedish), Duszanbe (Polish), დუშანბე (Georgian); Hissar (former name); Stalinabad (former name) |
| English Name |
Other names or former names |
| Haifa |
Caifa / Caiphas (former medieval crusader names, Italian), Haïfa (French), Haifa - ハイファ (Japanese), Haifa (Spanish), Hajfa (Polish), Ħayfā - حيفا (Arabic), Hayfa (Turkish), Ħêphāh - חיפה (Hebrew), Sycaminon / Sykaminos (other names [archaic]), ჰაიფა (Georgian), హైఫా (Telugu) |
| Hebron |
Chevrón(a) - Χεβρών(α) (Greek), Ħeḇrōn - חֶבְרוֹן (Hebrew) Hebrón (Spanish), Heburon - ヘブロン (Japanese), Al-Khalīl - الخليل (Arabic), ჰებრონი (Georgian), హెబ్రోన్ (Telugu), El-Halil (Turkish) |
| Ho Chi Minh City |
Gajeong - 嘉定 (Korean, precolonial), Gia Ðịnh - 嘉定 (Vietnamese, precolonial), Hōchimin - ホーチミン (Japanese), Ho Chi Minhin kaupunki (Finnish), Ho Chi Minh-Stad (Dutch), Hošiminas (Lithuanian), Ho Si Min Város (Hungarian), Ho Și Min (Romanian), Ho Tsji Ming-Stad (former Dutch), Hú Zhì Míng Shì - 胡志明市 (Chinese, post-unification), Jiādìng - 嘉定 (Classical Chinese), Katei - 嘉定 (Japanese, precolonial), Prey Nokor (Khmer), Saigon (former name in English, Catalan, Italian, former Romanian), Saigón (Spanish), Sài Gòn (Vietnamese, pre-unification), Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh (Vietnamese), Xī Gòng - 西貢 (Chinese, pre-unification), ჰო ში მინი (Georgian), హో చీ మిన్హ్ నగరం (Telugu), సైగోన్ (Telugu, precolonial) |
| Hong Kong |
Chongk Kongk - Χονγκ Κονγκ (Greek), Heung Gong - 香港 (Cantonese), Hiong-káng - 香港 (Minnan, Taiwanese), Hong Cong (Irish), Hongkong (in old English texts, Finnish), Honkon - ホンコン / 香港 (Japanese), Hương Cảng or Hồng Công (Vietnamese), Hyanghang - 향항 / 香港 (Korean), Victoria (obsolete, colonial name of the city on the north shore of Hong Kong Island), Xianggang - 香港 (Mandarin Chinese), ჰონგ კონგი (Georgian), 홍콩 (Korean alternate), హాంగ్ కాంగ్ (Telugu), ฮ่องกง (Thai) |
| Hyderabad |
Haiderabādo - ハイデラバード (Japanese), ჰაიდარაბადი (Georgian), हैदराबाद (Hindi), ಹೇದರಾಬಾದ್ (Kannada), हैदराबाद (Marathi), ஹேதராபாத் (Tamil), హైదరాబాదు (Telugu), حیدر آباد (Urdu) |
| English Name |
Other names or former names |
| Irkutsk |
Erhüü - Эрхүү (Buryat and Mongolian), Irkutsk - Иркутск (Russian), Irkuțk (Romanian), Irukūtsuku - イルクーツク (Japanese), Yìěrkùcīkè - 伊爾庫茨克 (traditional characters) 伊尔库茨克 (simplified characters) (Chinese), Irkuck (Polish), ირკუტსკი (Georgian). |
| Iskenderun |
Alexandrië (Dutch), Alejandría (Spanish), Aleksandretta (Polish), Alessandretta (Italian), Alexandreta (Portuguese), Alexandretta (variant in English, German), Alexandrétta - Αλεξανδρέττα (Greek), Alexandria - Αλεξάνδρια (Greek), Alexandrette (variant in French, German), Iskandarūn - إسكندرون (Arabic), (al-)Iskandariya (former Arabic), İskenderiye (Turkish until 1939), İskenderun (Turkish), İsgəndərun (Azeri), Scanderoon (former variant in English), Aleksandrija(Montenegrin), Alexandria (Romanian), Isukenderun - イスケンデルン (Japanese), ისქანდერუნი (Georgian). |
| Istanbul |
Estambul (Spanish), Stambul (former Romanian), Țarigrad (former Romanian) Konstantinopel (Swedish),Ыстамбұл(Kazakh) |
| Izmir |
Esmirna (Catalan, Portuguese, Spanish), İzmir (Turkish, Azeri), Izmir - Измир (Dutch, Finnish Romanian, Russian, Serbian), Izmira (Latvian), Izumiru - イズミル (Japanese), Smirna (former Serbian, former Romanian), Smirne (Italian), Σμύρνη / Smýrni (Greek), Smyrna (variant in English), იზმირი (Georgian), Զմիւռնիա or Իզմիր (Armenian /Zmyurnia or Izmiř/) |
| English Name |
Other names or former names |
| Jakarta |
Batavia (Dutch colonial name), Betawi (former colonial name, Malay, Indonesian), Sunda Kelapa (original native name), Cakarta (Turkish), Djakarta (Dutch alternate, French, German, Romanian), Dzhakarta - Джакарта (Russian), Džakarta (Croatian, Serbian), Dżakarta (Polish), Dzsakarta (Hungarian), Giacarta (Italian), Iacárta (Irish), Jacarta (Portuguese), Jakaruta - ジャカルタ (Japanese), Jagatara - ジャガタラ (Japanese [archaic]), Τζακάρτα (Greek), ჯაკარტა (Georgian), Yakarta (Spanish) |
| Jericho |
Arīħa, أريحا (Arabic) Yerīħo, יְרִיחוֹ (Hebrew) Jericó (Catalan, Spanish), Gerico (Italian), Ireachó (Irish), Ierihon (Romanian), Jeriko (Finnish), Jerycho (Polish), იერიქონი (Georgian), Ιεριχώ (Iericho) (Greek), Eriha, Ceriko (Turkish), Yeriko - イェリコ (Japanese), 예리코 (Korean) |
| Jeddah |
جدّة - Jiddah (Arabic), Cidde (Turkish), Dschidda (German), Djedda (Dutch), Djeddah (French), Jedda (Spanish, Finnish), Jedda/Jidda - ジェッダ/ジッダ (Japanese), Gedda (Italian), Gidda (Catalan), Jidá (Portuguese), Ciddə (Azeri), Dżudda (Polish), Džida (Lithuanian), Yidda (Spanish var.), ჯედა (Georgian) |
| Jerusalem |
Baitul Maqdis (Malays), Єрусалим (Ukrainian), Erusaremu - エルサレム (Japanese), Gerusalemme (Italian), Hierusalem (Latin), Iarúsailéim (Irish), Ierusalim (Romanian), Ierusalím - Ιερουσαλήμ or Ierosólima - Ιεροσόλυμα (Greek), Ierusalimi - იერუსალიმი (Georgian), Ierusalim - Иерусалим (Russian), Jerozolima (Polish), Jerusalem (Catalan, Danish, Finnish, German, Norwegian, Swedish), Jerúsalem, Jórsalir or Jórsalaborg (Icelandic), Jerusalém (Portuguese), Jerusalén (Spanish), Jeruusalemm (Estonian), Jerusalim - Јерусалим (Serbian), Jeruzalem (Croatian, Dutch, Polish (old), Slovak, Slovene), Jeruzalém (Czech), Giêrusalem (Vietnamese)', Giê-ru-xa-lem (former Vietnamese), Jeruzalė (Lithuanian), Jeruzāleme (Latvian), JeruzsálemIW (Hungarian), Jérusalem (French), Kudüs (Turkish), al-Quds - القُدس / القـُدْس (Arabic), Qüds / Yerusəlim (Azeri), Yerusalam (Indonesian) Yərušaláyim - יְרוּשָׁלַיִם (Hebrew), Yərûšəlem - יְרוּשְׁלֶם (Aramaic), Kudüs (Turkish), Quddus (Uzbek), እየሩሳሌም (Amharic), Yēlùsālěng - 耶路撒冷IW (Mandarin Chinese), Yerusaghem - Երուսաղեմ (Armenian), Yerushalayim - יְרוּשָׁלַיִם (Hebrew), Yerusallem - 예루살렘 (Korean), اورشلیم (Persian)
Former names: Jorsal (Old Norse) |
| English Name |
Other names or former names |
| Karachi |
Karachi - カラチ (Japanese), Karaçi (Turkish), Karaczi (Polish), Kəraçi (Azeri), ყარაჩი (Georgian), ڪراچي (Sindhi), كراچى (Urdu)
Former name: Kolachi (early 19th century name) |
| Kayseri |
Caesarea (Latin), Kaiseri - カイセリ (Japanese), Kayseri (Turkish), Qeysəriyyə (Azeri)
Former names: Cäsarea (German), Caesarea (English), Cesarea (Italian), Kaisáreia - Καισάρεια (Greek), Mazaca (ancient name in Latin), Mazaka (ancient name in Greek) |
| Kermanshah |
Kermanšah (Finnish), Kirmanşah (Turkish), Kirmaşan (Kurdish), کرمانشاه (Persian) |
| Kolkata |
Calcuta (Catalan, Romanian, Spanish), Calcúta (Irish), Calcutá (Portuguese), Calcutta (Danish, Italian, Norwegian, Swedish), Kalkoúta - Καλκούτα (Greek), Kalkuta (Serbian, Polish), Kalküta (Turkish), Kalkutta (Finnish,German), Kal'kutta - Калькутта (Russian), Kəlküttə (Azeri), Korukata - コルカタ (Japanese), কলকাতা / কলিকাতা (Bengali), კალკუტა (Georgian), कोलकाता (Hindi, current), कलकत्ता (Hindi, traditional), കൊല്ക്കത്ത (Malayalam), கொல்கத்தா (Tamil)
Former name: Calcutta (English, French) |
| Kota Kinabalu |
Kotakinabaru - コタキナバル (Japanese)
Former names: Api (colonial Japanese name), Api-Api (former Malay), Jesselton (colonial English name), Yabi - 亚庇 (former Chinese) |
| Kuala Lumpur |
Jilongpo - 吉隆坡 (Mandarin Chinese), Kouala Loumpou (Créole), Kúala Lúmpúr (Icelandic), Kuala-Lumpur - Куала-Лумпур (Russian, Ukrainian), Kuala-Lumpuro (Esperanto), Kuararumpūru - クアラルンプール (Japanese), Kvala Lumpūras (Lithuanian), კუალა ლუმპური (Georgian) |
| Kyoto |
Gyeongdo - 경도 {京都} (Korean), Gyoto - 교토 (Korean), Jīng Dū - 京都 (Mandarin Chinese), Kioto (Afrikaans, Basque, Dutch, Esperanto, Finnish, Polish, Spanish), Kijotas (Lithuanian), Quioto (Galician, Portuguese) |
| English Name |
Other names or former names |
| Macau |
Aomen - 澳门 (Mandarin Chinese, Simplified), Maa Gau - 馬交 (Cantonese, Traditional, informal), Macao (Italian, Finnish, French, Romanian, Spanish), Macau (Dutch, English, German, Portuguese), Makao - マカオ / 澳門 (Japanese), Makao (Polish, Serbian, Turkish), O Mun - 澳門 (Cantonese, Traditional), Omun - 오문 / 澳門 (Korean), მაკაო (Georgian), 마카오 (Korean alternate) |
| Makassar |
Macassar (Portuguese, English variant), Makasar (Dutch, Polish, Norwegian var.), Makasaras (Lithuanian), Makassaru - マカッサル (Japanese), Ujungpandang (former Indonesian), Ujung Pandang (former Malay), Wàngjiāxī - 望加锡 (Chinese, Simplified) |
| Malacca |
Malaca (Portuguese, Spanish), Malacca (Italian), Malakka (Dutch, German, Polish), Mâ-la̍k-kah - 麻六甲 (Minnan Chinese / Taiwanese), Malaqa - ملقا (Arabic), Marakka - マラッカ (Japanese), Melaka (Finnish, Malay, Indonesian), მალაკა (Georgian) |
| Manila |
Mainile (Irish), Manila (Basque, Catalan, Cebuano, Croatian, Czech, Danish, English, Estonian, Finnish, German, Ilokano, Indonesian, Italian, Latin, Latvian, Lithuanian, Malay, Norwegian, Portuguese, Polish, Romanian, Slovak, Slovene, Spanish, Swedish, Swahili, Turkish, Vietnamese, Waray), Manila - Манила (Bulgarian, Macedonian, Russian), Maníla (Icelandic), Mǎnílā - 马尼拉 (Mandarin Chinese, Simplified), Má-nî-la (Minnan Chinese), Manilha (Portuguese alternate), Manilla (Dutch, English alternate, German alternate), Manille (French), Manilo (Esperanto), Manira - マニラ (Japanese), Maynilà (Tagalog, with diacritics), Mênila - ম্যানিলা (Bengali), Menila (Kapampangan), مانيلا (Arabic), მანილა (Georgian), מנילה (Hebrew), 마닐라 (Korean), فیلیپین (Persian), மணிலா (Tamil), มะนิลา (Thai), مانىل (Uyghur) |
| Mecca |
al Makka al Mukarramah - مكة المكرمة (Arabic, full name), Makka (Uzbek), Makkah (Malay), La Meca (Catalan, Spanish), Meca (Portuguese), La Mecca (Italian), Mecca (Romanian), La Mecque (French), Meice (Irish), Meka (Croatian, Serbian, Slovene), Mekka (Basque, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Finnish, German, Hungarian, Norwegian, Polish, Swedish), Mekka - メッカ (Japanese), Mekka - Мекка (Russian), Mekkah (Indonesian), Mekah (Malays), Məkkə (Azeri), Mekke (Turkish), Môkka - মক্কা (Bengali), მექა (Georgian) |
| Medina |
al Madina al Munawwarah - المدينة المنورة (Arabic, full name), Madina (Uzbek), Мadinah (Indonesian, Malay), Medina - Медина (Dutch, Finnish, German, Hungarian, Italian, Romanian, Spanish, Portuguese), Al-Medina - אל-מדינה (Hebrew), Medina - メディナ (Japanese), Medina - Медина (Russian, Serbian), Mədinə (Azeri), Médine (French), Medine (Turkish) Medyna (Polish), Meidíne (Irish), Modina - মদিনা (Bengali), მედინა (Georgian) |
| Mumbai |
Bombai (Catalan), Bombaim (Portuguese), Bombaj (Polish), Bombay (English [former and variant], French, Italian, Romanian, Swedish, Turkish), Mumbai - মুম্বাই (Assamese, Bengali), Mumbai - ムンバイ (Japanese), Vomvái - Βομβάη (Greek), 孟買 (Chinese), मुंबई (Hindi, Marathi), ბომბეი / მუმბაი (Georgian), મુંબઈ (Gujarati), ಮುಂಬೈ (Kannada), 뭄바이 (Korean), मुम्बई (Nepali), ਮੁਮਬਏ (Panjabi), மும்பை (Tamil) |
| English Name |
Other names or former names |
| Nablus |
Nāblūs (Arabic), Nabloes (Dutch), Naburusu - ナブルス (Japanese), Naplouse (French), Nablus (English,Italian, German, Turkish), Nablus - Наблус (Russian), Shkhem - שכם (Hebrew), ნაბლუსი (Georgian) |
| New Delhi |
नई दिल्ली (Hindi), نئی دلی (Urdu), ਨਵੀਂ ਦਿੱਲੀ (Panjabi), নয়া দিল্লী / নতুন দিল্লী (Bengali), புது தில்லி (Tamil), 新德里 (Chinese), Nueva Delhi (Spanish) Neu-delhi (German alternate), Nieuw-Delhi (Dutch alternate), Nuova Delhi (Italian), Yeni Dehli (Azeri,Turkish), Nyu-Deli - Нью-Дели (Russian), Nju Delhi (Serbian), Nova Delhi (Catalan, Portuguese), Új-Delhi (Hungarian), Nowe Delhi (Polish), Νέο Δελχί(Greek), Dellium Novum (Latin) Deilí Nua (Irish), დელი (Georgian), Nova Délhi (Portuguese), नवी दिल्ली (marathi), Nyūderī - ニューデリー (Japanese) |
| Nicosia |
Lefkosía - Λευκωσία (Greek), Nicosia (Hungarian, Italian, Romanian, Spanish, Swedish), Nicósia (Portuguese), Nicosie (French), Nikosia / Lefkosia (Finnish), Nikoshia - ニコシア (Japanese), Nikosia (German), Nikosija (Latvian, Russian, Ukrainian), Nikosio (Esperanto), Nikozija (Lithuanian, Serbian), Nikozja (Polish), Nīqūsiyā (Arabic), Lefkoşe or Lefkoşa (Turkish), ნიქოზია (Georgian) |
| English Name |
Other names or former names |
| Palembang |
Balimbanj - باليمبانج (Arabic), Jùgǎng - 巨港 (Mandarin Chinese), Kī-káng / Kū-káng - 巨港 (Hokkien/Taiwanese), Palembang, Палембанг (Russian, Serbian, other languages using Cyrillic script), Palembangas (Lithuanian), Pelembang (Malay, Indonesian, colloquial speech) |
| Peshawar |
Báishāwǎ - 白沙瓦 [traditional and simplified characters] (Mandarin Chinese)*, Báixiàwǎ - 白夏瓦 [traditional and simplified characters] (alternative Mandarin Chinese)*, Paśāvar - پشاور (Urdu [standard])*,[1] Pe̍h-sa-óa - 白沙瓦 (Hokkien/Taiwanese), Peśāvar - પેશાવર (Gujarati), Peśāvar - पेशावर (Hindi*,[1] Marathi*), Pešavar - Пешавар (Russian),[1] Peṣāvar - பெஷாவர் (Tamil)*, Peṣāvar - పెషావర్ (Telugu), Peśavāru - ޕެޝަވާރު (Dhivehi), Peşaver (Turkish)*, Pēšāwar - پیشاور (Dari), Peśāwar - پشاور (Urdu [local form]),[1] Pĕṣhāvar - പെഷാവര് (Malayalam),[1] Peshāvar - پشاور [Shahmukhi script]* /ਪੇਸ਼ਾਵਰ [Gurmukhi script]* (Punjabi alternative), Péshawar - پېشاۋار (Uyghur)*, Peshāwaru - ペシャーワル (Japanese)*, Peshoyār - পেশোয়ার (Bengali)*,[1] Pesyawareu - 페샤와르 *, Pētwā - เปศวาร์ [pèːt waː] (Thai)*, Pex̌awar - پېښور (Pashto)*, Pişavar (Azeri), Pišâvar - پیشاور (Persian)*, Pišāwar - بشاور (Arabic)*, Pishāvar - پشاور [Shahmukhi script]* / ਪਿਸ਼ਾਵਰ [Gurmukhi script] (Punjabi),[1] Pišor - پِشور (Hindko) |
| Pyongyang |
Bình Nhưỡng (Vietnamese), Byawnyāngh - بيونيانغ (Arabic), Pêng-jióng - 平壤 (Hokkien/Taiwanese), Phenian (Romanian, Polish obsolete), Phenjan (Hungarian), Píngrǎng - 平壌 (Chinese), Pjongjang (Finnish, Polish, Serbian), Pjöngjang (German), Pkhyenyan - Пхеньян (Russian), Pkheniani - ფხენიანი (Georgian), Pyeongyang/P'yŏngyang - 평양/平壤 (Korean), Pyongyang (Danish, Dutch, English, French, Indonesian, Italian, Norwegian, Portuguese, Spanish, Swedish, Turkish), Pyon'yan - 平壌 {ピョンヤン} (Japanese) |
| English Name |
Other names or former names |
| Sahiwal |
Montgomery (Former colonial name changed to Sahiwal in 1966), ساہیوال (Urdu) |
| Samarkand |
Samarcand (old Romanian), Samarcanda (Catalan, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Samarcande (French), Samarkand - Самарканд (Dutch, Finnish, German, Norwegian, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovene, Swedish), Samarkanda (Polish), Semerkant (Turkish), Samarkandas (Lithuanian), Samarkándhi - Σαμαρκάνδη (Greek), Səmərqənd (Azeri), Samarqand (Uzbek, Estonian), Samarukando - サマルカンド (Japanese), Szamarkand (Hungarian), সমরখন্দ (Bengali), სამარყანდი (Georgian), سمرقند (Persian), సమర్ఖండ్ (Telugu) |
| Seoul |
Gyeongseong - 경성 - 京城 (Korean [archaic]), Hànchéng - 漢城 (traditional characters) 汉城 (simplified characters) (Mandarin Chinese [recently superseded by Shǒu’ěr 首爾]), Hanseong - 한성 - 漢城 (Korean [archaic]), Hàn-siâⁿ - 漢城 (Taiwanese [Hokkien]), Hansung (English [archaic]), Hán Thành (Vietnamese), Hanyang - 한양 - 漢陽 (Korean variant [archaic]), Jīngchéng - 京城 (Chinese [archaic]), Keijo (English [archaic]), Kanjō - 漢城 {かんじょう} (Japanese [archaic]), Keijō - 京城 {けいじょう} (Japanese [archaic]), Seul (Italian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Turkish, Azeri) - Seul/ Сеул (Bulgarian, Mongolian, Russian, Serbian), Seulum (Latin), Seulo (Esperanto), Seula (Latvian), Seoel (Dutch), Seoul - 서울 (Korean), Séoul (French), Seúl (Spanish), Seül (Catalan), Σεούλ (Greek), Seulas (Lithuanian), Shǒu’ěr - 首爾 (traditional characters) 首尔 (simplified characters) (Mandarin Chinese), Soul (Czech, Finnish, Slovak), Söul (Swedish, Estonian), Souru - ソウル (Japanese), Szöul (Hungarian), Xơ-un (Vietnamese), სეული (Georgian), กรุงโซล (Thai), సీయోల్ (Telugu) |
| Shusha |
Şuşa (Azeri, Romanian, Turkish), Choucha (French), Schuscha (German), Shusha (Dutch), Scusca (Italian), Shushá (Spanish), Szusza (Polish), Shoshā - شوشا (Persian), Şuşî - شوشی (Kurdish), Shushi - Շուշի (Armenian), Shusha - შუშა (Georgian), Shusha - Шуша (Russian, Ukrainian, Belarusian, Bulgarian, Serbian), Sousá - Σουσά (Greek), Shusha - שושאַ (Yiddish), Shusha - שושה (Hebrew), Shushā - ﺷﻮﺸﺎ (Arabic), Shushā - ܫܫܐ (Syriac) |
| Singapore |
Cingapura (Brazilian Portuguese), Shingapōru - シンガポール (Japanese), Shōnan - 昭南 (Japanese [colonial name]), Singapour (French), Singapoúri - Σινγκαπούρη (Greek), Singapur (Catalan, Polish, Spanish, Turkish), Singapur - Сингапур (Russian, Serbian), Singapūra (Latvian), Singapura (Malay, Indonesian, Portuguese), Singeapór (Irish), Sin-ka-pho - 新加坡 (Minnan/Taiwanese), Szingapúr (Hungarian), Temasek (Malay, Indonesian [archaic]), Xīnjiāpō - 新加坡 (Chinese), სინგაპური (Georgian), सिंगपुरः (Sanskrit), సింగపూర్ (Telugu) |
| Surabaya |
Sìshuǐ - 泗水 (Mandarin Chinese), Soerabaja (Dutch), Surabaia (Portuguese), Surabaja (Latvian, Lithuanian, Polish), Surabajo (Esperanto), Surabaya - سورابايا (Arabic), スラバヤ (Japanese), Сурабая (Russian), Suroboyo (spoken Javanese) |
| English Name |
Other names or former names |
| Tashkent |
Tachkent (French), Taschkent (German), Tashkent - Ташкент (Russian, Ukrainian), Tashqand (Arabic), Tasjkent (Dutch, Swedish, Danish), Taskéndi - Τασκένδη (Greek), Daşkənd (Azeri), Taskent (Hungarian, Italian), Taszkent / Taszkient (Polish), Taškenta (Latvian), Taškent (Finnish, Slovak, Croatian, Serbian), Taşkent (Romanian, Turkish), Taškentas (Lithuanian),Toshkent (Estonian, Uzbek), তাশখন্দ or Tashkhond (Bengali),Tashikento - タシケント (Japanese), Taiscint (Irish), ტაშკენტი (Georgian), 타슈켄트 (Korean), تاشکنت (Persian) |
| Tehran |
Tahran (Turkish), Teheran (Croatian, Danish, Finnish, German, Italian, Polish, Romanian), Teerão (Portuguese), Tehron (Uzbek), Teheran - テヘラン (Japanese), Teherán (Hungarian, Spanish), تهران (Persian), Teheráni - Τεχεράνη (Greek) |
| Tokyo |
Dokyo - 도쿄 (Korean), Dōngjīng - 東京 (traditional characters) / 东京 (simplified characters) (Mandarin Chinese), Donggyeong - 동경 {東京} (Korean), Dùnggìng - 東京 (Cantonese), Edo / Yedo (English [archaic]), Edo - 江戸 {えど} (Japanese [archaic]), Jiānghù - 江戶 (Chinese [archaic]), Tóiceo (Irish), Tokio (Dutch, English [archaic], Finnish, German, Italian variant, Polish, Romanian, Serbian, Spanish, Uzbek), Tókio - Tόκυο (Greek), Tokió (Hungarian), Tocio (Latin), Tokyo (Indonesian, Italian, Malay, Turkish), Tōkyō - 東京 {とうきょう} (Japanese), Tang-kiaⁿ - 東京 (Minnan / Taiwanese), Tokyo / Đông Kinh (Vietnamese), Tòquio (Catalan), Tóquio (Portuguese), โตเกียว (Thai), ტოკიო (Georgian), Tokijas (Lithuanian) |
| Trabzon |
Torabuzon - トラブゾン (Japanese), Trabzon (Azeri, Romanian, Turkish), Trapizoni - ტრაპიზონი (Georgian), Trapezunt (German, Finnish, Polish, former Russian and Romanian), Trapezúnda - Τραπεζούντα (Greek), Trebisonda (Catalan, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Trebizonda (former Romanian alternative to Trapezunt), Trébizonde (French), Trebizon (former variant in English), Տրապիզոն (Armenian - Trapizon) |
| English Name |
Other names or former names |
| Yakutsk |
Jakutsk (Finnish, German), Jokuuskai Дьокуускай (Yakut), Yǎkùcíkè - 雅库茨克 [simplified] - 雅庫茨克 [traditional] (Mandarin Chinese), Yakutsk - Якутск (Russian), Yakūtsuku - ヤクーツク (Japanese) |
| Yekaterinburg |
Ekaterimburgo (Spanish), Ēkaṭērin bērg - ఏకటేరిన్ బేర్గ్ (Telugu), Ekaterinburg (Catalan [alternate], Romanian, Turkish, Italian), Ek'at'erinburga - ეკატერინბურგი (Georgian), Ekaterinburuku/Ekacherinburuku - エカテリンブルク/エカチェリンブルク (Japanese), Ekaterinoupolis - Αικατερινούπολις (Greek - καθαρεύουσα), Iaketarinburg (Catalan), Iekaterinbourg / Ekaterinbourg (French), Jekaterinenburg (Dutch), Jekaterinburg (Danish, Finnish, German, Serbian (Latin), Slovene, Swedish), Jekaterinburga (Latvian), Jekaterinburgas (Lithuanian), Jekaterynburg (Polish), Jekatyerinburg (Hungarian), Sverdlovsk (former name) |
| Yerevan |
Ereban - エレバン (Japanese), Erevan (Catalan, French, English [rare], Portuguese variant, Romanian, Slovene), Ereván (Spanish), Erevāna (Latvian), Erevani - ერევანი (Georgian), Erewan - Երևան (Armenian), Erivan (Turkish), Erywań (former Polish), Iereván - Υερεβάν (Greek), Iravaan (Persian), İrəvan (Azeri), Jerevan (Czech, Danish, Estonian, Finnish, Slovak, Serbian (Latin), Swedish), Jerevan - Jереван (Serbian), Jereván (Hungarian), Jerevanas (Lithuanian), Jerewan / Eriwan (Dutch, German), Revan (former Turkish and Persian), Yerevan (Indonesian, Portuguese, Uzbek), Yerevan - Ереван (Russian, Ukrainian), Yērevān - యేరెవాన్ (Telugu), Yirīfān (Arabic) |
| Yogyakarta |
Dzhokyakarta - Джокьякарта (Russian), Džogjakarta (Lithuanian), Jogja, Jokja (colloquial Javanese, Indonesian), Jogjakarta (Finnish),, Jokujakaruta - ジョグジャカルタ市 (Japanese), Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat (official Javanese name), Rìrĕ - 日惹 (Mandarin Chinese), Yogyakarta, Yujyakarta - يوجياكرتا (Arabic) |