NLRX1
NLRX1 or NLR family member X1, short for nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain, leucine rich repeat containing X1, is an intracellular protein that plays a role in the immune system. It is also known as NOD-like receptor X1, NLR family, X1, NOD5, NOD9, and CLR11.3, and is a member of the NOD-like receptor family of pattern recognition receptors. NLRX1 affects innate immunity to viruses by interfering with the mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS)/retinoic-acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) mitochondrial antiviral pathway.[1]
NLRX1 has a unique protein structure composed of 3 protein domains: an N-terminal effector domain containing a mitochondrion localization signal; a central NACHT domain; a C-terminal leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain.[2]
In humans, the NLRX1 protein is encoded by the NLRX1 gene.[3][4]
References
Further reading
- Moore CB, Bergstralh DT, Duncan JA, et al. (2008). "NLRX1 is a regulator of mitochondrial antiviral immunity". Nature 451 (7178): 573–7. doi:10.1038/nature06501. PMID 18200010.
- Tattoli I, Carneiro LA, Jéhanno M, et al. (2008). "NLRX1 is a mitochondrial NOD-like receptor that amplifies NF-κB and JNK pathways by inducing reactive oxygen species production". EMBO Rep. 9 (3): 293–300. doi:10.1038/sj.embor.7401161. PMC 2267388. PMID 18219313. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2267388.
- Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
- Maruyama K, Sugano S (1994). "Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides". Gene 138 (1–2): 171–4. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8. PMID 8125298.
- Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2002). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=139241.
- Arnoult D, Soares F, Tattoli I, et al. (2009). "An N-terminal addressing sequence targets NLRX1 to the mitochondrial matrix". J. Cell. Sci. 122 (Pt 17): 3161–8. doi:10.1242/jcs.051193. PMC 2871076. PMID 19692591. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2871076.
- Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, et al. (1997). "Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library". Gene 200 (1–2): 149–56. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3. PMID 9373149.