Mosquera is a surname of Spanish, in particular Galician, origin. The family crest states (Spanish) Gallego. Comes from the mansion of the family's founder, Ramiro de Mosquera, taking the last name from his hacienda. In the fifth century, it already figured linked to Moscoso, one of the oldest houses of Galicia. The Mosquera spread around Galicia, Las Castillas, Extremadura and America. In Galicia, one of the oldest houses was in Coto de Villar de Payo Muniz, a dos leguas from Orense. There was another at villa de Villarinno de Corso.
According to etymologists, the name Mosquera is an allusion to a place where the greatest quantity of "aces" grows, and derives itself from the word "moscon", which originally referred to a type of tree. A branch of the family settled in Portugal where the name changed to "Mosqueira". The following names are in the lists of the Order of Carlos III: Gabriel Mosquera and Luis Mosquera y Julián Mosquera. Antonio Mosquera was born in Spain and was a soldier in the War of Flanders and governor of Puerto Rico. He went to Chile with a thousand men, and arrived at Santiago on October 6, 1605.