Monorchism

Monorchism
Classification and external resources
ICD-10	Q55.0
ICD-9	752.89

Monorchism is the state of having only one testicle within the scrotum.

Contents 1 Causes 2 Notable cases 2.1 Due to testicular cancer 2.2 Due to injury 3 Monorchism in nonhuman animals 4 Terminology 5 See also 6 References

Causes

This can be due to:

• One testicle not descending into the scrotum during normal embryonic or fetal development (3–4% of 'normal' live births), also known as: undescended testis or cryptorchidism. In this case the testis is within the abdominal cavity, somewhere along the normal route of descent — most commonly, within the inguinal canal. Such a testis has an increased risk of malignancy.
• One testicle may disappear during development (the so called vanishing testis) due to some intrauterine insult. This is thought to be most likely vascular, such as testicular torsion.
• One testicle being surgically removed through Orchidectomy.
• One testicle may be injured.

Notable cases

Due to testicular cancer

• Lance Armstrong, American bicyclist.^[1]
• Frank Church, late U.S. Senator and a Presidential aspirant in 1976. His monorchism was revealed publicly during the 1976 Presidential campaign.^[2]
• Tom Green, Canadian comedian/actor.^[3]
• Mark Latham, Former Australian politician.^[4]
• Geoff Horsfield, English footballer.^[5]

Due to injury

• Adolf Hitler, Chancellor in Germany (possibly, see Hitler's possible monorchism)
• Dave England, Jackass cast member.
• Mao Zedong, known as Chairman Mao, Chinese revolutionary.
• Francisco Franco, Dictator of Spain.^[6]
• Troy Bayliss, world superbike champion in 2001, 2006 and 2008. In 2007 he lost a testicle during a race at Doninghton Park ^[7].
• Barnacle Jim, American cross country face bike champion in 2007 and 2010.
• Hermann Goering, leading member of the Nazi party

Monorchism in nonhuman animals

Although extremely rare, monorchism has been observed to be characteristic of some animal species, notably in beetles.^[8]

Terminology

An individual having monorchism can be referred to as monorchid.

See also

• Anorchia

References

Male congenital anomalies of the genitalia, including Intersex and DSD: (Q53–Q56 · 752.5–752.7) Internal Testicle Cryptorchidism · Polyorchidism · Monorchism · Anorchia · Sertoli cell-only syndrome True hermaphroditism · Mixed gonadal dysgenesis · Swyer syndrome Vas deferens Congenital absence of the vas deferens Other Persistent Mullerian duct syndrome External Penis Hypospadias · Chordee · Micropenis · Penile agenesis · Diphallia Other Pseudohermaphroditism M: ♂ MRS anat/phys/devp noco/cong/tumr, sysi/epon proc, drug (G3B/4BE/4C)