Merlucciidae
Merlucciidae is a family of cod-like fish, including most hakes.[1] They are native to cold water in the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, and typically found at depths greater than 50 metres (160 ft) in subtropical, temperate, sub-Arctic or sub-Antarctic regions.
The best known species are in the genera Macruronus and Merluccius. These are large, up to 1.55 metres (5 ft 1 in) in length (though most only reach about half that length), predatory fish inhabiting the waters of the continental shelf and upper continental slope, where they feed on small fish such as lanternfishes. Several species are important commercial fish, for example the blue grenadier (Macruronus novaezelandiae) that is fished in the southwest Pacific and the North Pacific hake (Merluccius productus) that is fished off western North America.
Species
There are 23 species in five genera:
- Genus Lyconodes
- Genus Lyconus
- Lyconus brachycolus (Holt & Byrne, 1906)
- Lyconus pinnatus (Günther, 1887)
- Genus Macruronus
- Cape grenadier, Macruronus capensis (Davies, 1950).
- Macruronus maderensis (Maul, 1951)
- Patagonian grenadier, Macruronus magellanicus (Lönnberg, 1907)
- Blue grenadier, also known as hoki, blue hake, New Zealand whiptail, whiptail, or whiptail hake, Macruronus novaezelandiae (Hector, 1871).
- Genus Merluccius
- Offshore hake, Merluccius albidus (Mitchill, 1818).
- Panama hake, Merluccius angustimanus Garman, 1899
- Southern hake, Merluccius australis (Hutton, 1872)
- Silver hake, Merluccius bilinearis (Mitchill, 1814)
- Shallow-water cape hake, Merluccius capensis (Castelnau, 1861)
- South Pacific hake, Merluccius gayi gayi (Guichenot, 1848)
- Peruvian hake, Merluccius gayi peruanus (Ginsburg, 1954)
- Cortez hake, Merluccius hernandezi (Mathews, 1985)
- Argentine hake, Merluccius hubbsi (Marini, 1933)
- European hake, Merluccius merluccius (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Deep-water cape hake, Merluccius paradoxus (Franca, 1960)
- Merluccius patagonicus (Lloris & Matallanas, 2003)
- Benguela hake, Merluccius polli (Cadenat, 1950)
- North Pacific hake, Pacific hake, or Pacific whiting, Merluccius productus (Ayres, 1855)
- Senegalese hake, Merluccius senegalensis (Cadenat, 1950)
- Genus Steindachneria
- Luminous hake, Steindachneria argentea (Goode & Bean, 1896)
References
- ^ Lloris, Domingo (2005). Hakes of the world (family Merlucciidae) : an annotated and illustrated catalogue of hake species known to date. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. ISBN 925104984X. available for download at http://www.fao.org