Cysteamine

Cysteamine
IUPAC name

2-aminoethanethiol
Other names

β-mercaptoethylamine
2-aminoethanethiol
2-mercaptoethylamine
decarboxycysteine
thioethanolamine
Identifiers
CAS number 60-23-1 Y, 156-57-0 (HCl)
PubChem 6058
ChemSpider 5834 Y
UNII 5UX2SD1KE2 Y
DrugBank DB00847
KEGG D03634 Y
ChEBI CHEBI:17141 Y
ChEMBL CHEMBL602 Y
Jmol-3D images Image 1
Properties
Molecular formula C2H7NS
Molar mass 77.15 g mol−1
Melting point

95-97 °C
Hazards
MSDS External MSDS
EU classification Xn
S-phrases S26 S36
 Y (verify) (what is: Y/N?)
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
Infobox references

Cysteamine is the chemical compound with the formula HSCH2CH2NH2. It is the simplest stable aminothiol and a degradation product of the amino acid cysteine. It is often used as the hydrochloride salt, HSCH2CH2NH3Cl.

Biochemical and pharmaceutical applications

Under the trade name Cystagon, cysteamine is used in the treatment of disorders of cystine excretion. Cysteamine cleaves the disulfide bond with cystine to produce molecules that can escape the metabolic defect in cystinosis and cystinuria.

It is also used for treatment of radiation sickness.[1]

Cysteamine is used in the body to form the essential biochemical coenzyme A by combining with pantothenate and adenosine triphosphate.

In 2008, Raptor Pharmaceuticals started phase II clinical trials testing a delayed release (DR) preparation of cysteamine bitartrate for Huntington's disease. DR Cysteamine is also being investigated as a treatment for cystinosis, Batten disease, and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.

References

  1. ^ Lukashin BP, Grebeniuk AN (2001). "[Comparative study of the radiation-protective effectiveness of low doses of cysteamine, heparin, and naphtizine in experiments on mice]" (in Russian). Radiatsionnaia biologiia, radioecologiia / Rossiĭskaia akademiia nauk 41 (3): 310–2. PMID 11458646.