MT-CO2

Cytochrome c oxidase subunit II

Identifiers

COX2; COII; MTCO2

External IDs

OMIM: 516040 MGI: 102503 HomoloGene: 5017 GeneCards: COX2 Gene

Gene Ontology
Molecular function	• cytochrome-c oxidase activity • copper ion binding • electron carrier activity • oxidoreductase activity • heme binding • metal ion binding
Cellular component	• mitochondrion • mitochondrial inner membrane • membrane • integral to membrane • respiratory chain
Biological process	• mitochondrial electron transport, cytochrome c to oxygen • transport • lactation • response to cold • respiratory electron transport chain
Sources: Amigo / QuickGO

Orthologs

Species

Human

Mouse

RefSeq (mRNA)

n/a

RefSeq (protein)

YP_003024029.1

NP_904331.1

Location (UCSC)

Chr MT:
0.01 – 0.01 Mb

PubMed search

[1]

[2]

Cytochrome c oxidase subunit II, also known as COX2, is a human protein and gene.^[1] that belongs to cytochrome c oxidase subunit II protein family.

References

^ "Entrez Gene: COX2 cytochrome c oxidase subunit II". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=4513.

Torroni A, Achilli A, Macaulay V, et al. (2006). "Harvesting the fruit of the human mtDNA tree". Trends Genet. 22 (6): 339–45. doi:10.1016/j.tig.2006.04.001. PMID 16678300.
Barrell BG, Bankier AT, Drouin J (1979). "A different genetic code in human mitochondria". Nature 282 (5735): 189–94. doi:10.1038/282189a0. PMID 226894.
Bodenteich A, Mitchell LG, Polymeropoulos MH, Merril CR (1993). "Dinucleotide repeat in the human mitochondrial D-loop". Hum. Mol. Genet. 1 (2): 140. doi:10.1093/hmg/1.2.140-a. PMID 1301157.
Lu X, Walker T, MacManus JP, Seligy VL (1992). "Differentiation of HT-29 human colonic adenocarcinoma cells correlates with increased expression of mitochondrial RNA: effects of trehalose on cell growth and maturation". Cancer Res. 52 (13): 3718–25. PMID 1377597.
Marzuki S, Noer AS, Lertrit P, et al. (1992). "Normal variants of human mitochondrial DNA and translation products: the building of a reference data base". Hum. Genet. 88 (2): 139–45. PMID 1757091.
Moraes CT, Andreetta F, Bonilla E, et al. (1991). "Replication-competent human mitochondrial DNA lacking the heavy-strand promoter region". Mol. Cell. Biol. 11 (3): 1631–7. PMC 369459. PMID 1996112. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=369459.
Power MD, Kiefer MC, Barr PJ, Reeves R (1989). "Nucleotide sequence of human mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase II cDNA". Nucleic Acids Res. 17 (16): 6734. doi:10.1093/nar/17.16.6734. PMC 318375. PMID 2550900. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=318375.
Attardi G, Chomyn A, Doolittle RF, et al. (1987). "Seven unidentified reading frames of human mitochondrial DNA encode subunits of the respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase". Cold Spring Harb. Symp. Quant. Biol. 51 Pt 1: 103–14. PMID 3472707.
Chomyn A, Cleeter MW, Ragan CI, et al. (1986). "URF6, last unidentified reading frame of human mtDNA, codes for an NADH dehydrogenase subunit". Science 234 (4776): 614–8. doi:10.1126/science.3764430. PMID 3764430.
Chomyn A, Mariottini P, Cleeter MW, et al. (1985). "Six unidentified reading frames of human mitochondrial DNA encode components of the respiratory-chain NADH dehydrogenase". Nature 314 (6012): 592–7. doi:10.1038/314592a0. PMID 3921850.
Anderson S, Bankier AT, Barrell BG, et al. (1981). "Sequence and organization of the human mitochondrial genome". Nature 290 (5806): 457–65. doi:10.1038/290457a0. PMID 7219534.
Montoya J, Ojala D, Attardi G (1981). "Distinctive features of the 5'-terminal sequences of the human mitochondrial mRNAs". Nature 290 (5806): 465–70. doi:10.1038/290465a0. PMID 7219535.
Horai S, Hayasaka K, Kondo R, et al. (1995). "Recent African origin of modern humans revealed by complete sequences of hominoid mitochondrial DNAs". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 92 (2): 532–6. doi:10.1073/pnas.92.2.532. PMC 42775. PMID 7530363. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=42775.
Ruvolo M, Zehr S, von Dornum M, et al. (1994). "Mitochondrial COII sequences and modern human origins". Mol. Biol. Evol. 10 (6): 1115–35. PMID 8277847.
Polyak K, Li Y, Zhu H, et al. (1998). "Somatic mutations of the mitochondrial genome in human colorectal tumours". Nat. Genet. 20 (3): 291–3. doi:10.1038/3108. PMID 9806551.
Kato MV (1999). "The mechanisms of death of an erythroleukemic cell line by p53: involvement of the microtubule and mitochondria". Leuk. Lymphoma 33 (1–2): 181–6. doi:10.3109/10428199909093740. PMID 10194136.
Andrews RM, Kubacka I, Chinnery PF, et al. (1999). "Reanalysis and revision of the Cambridge reference sequence for human mitochondrial DNA". Nat. Genet. 23 (2): 147. doi:10.1038/13779. PMID 10508508.
Ingman M, Kaessmann H, Pääbo S, Gyllensten U (2001). "Mitochondrial genome variation and the origin of modern humans". Nature 408 (6813): 708–13. doi:10.1038/35047064. PMID 11130070.
Finnilä S, Lehtonen MS, Majamaa K (2001). "Phylogenetic network for European mtDNA". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 68 (6): 1475–84. doi:10.1086/320591. PMC 1226134. PMID 11349229. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1226134.
Maca-Meyer N, González AM, Larruga JM, et al. (2003). "Major genomic mitochondrial lineages delineate early human expansions". BMC Genet. 2: 13. doi:10.1186/1471-2156-2-13. PMC 55343. PMID 11553319. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=55343.

Mitochondrial proteins

Outer membrane	fatty acid degradation (Carnitine palmitoyltransferase I, Long fatty acyl CoA synthetase) tryptophan metabolism (Kynureninase) monoamine neurotransmitter metabolism (Monoamine oxidase)

Intermembrane space	Adenylate kinase - Creatine kinase

Inner membrane	oxidative phosphorylation (Coenzyme Q - cytochrome c reductase, Cytochrome c, NADH dehydrogenase, Succinate dehydrogenase) pyrimidine metabolism (Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase) mitochondrial shuttle (Malate-aspartate shuttle, Glycerol phosphate shuttle) other (Glutamate aspartate transporter, Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, ATP synthase, Carnitine palmitoyltransferase II, Uncoupling protein)

Matrix	citric acid cycle (Citrate synthase, Aconitase, Isocitrate dehydrogenase, Oxoglutarate dehydrogenase, Succinyl coenzyme A synthetase, Fumarase, Malate dehydrogenase) anaplerotic reactions (Aspartate transaminase, Glutamate dehydrogenase, Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex) urea cycle (Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I, Ornithine transcarbamylase, N-Acetylglutamate synthase) alcohol metabolism (ALDH2) PMPCB

Other/to be sorted	steroidogenesis (Cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme, Steroid 11-beta-hydroxylase, Aldosterone synthase), Frataxin Mitochondrial membrane transport protein (Mitochondrial permeability transition pore, Mitochondrial carrier)

Mitochondrial DNA	Complex I (MT-ND1, MT-ND2, MT-ND3, MT-ND4, MT-ND4L, MT-ND5, MT-ND6) - Complex III (MT-CYB) - Complex IV (MT-CO1, MT-CO2, MT-CO3) ATP synthase (MT-ATP6, MT-ATP8) tRNA (MT-TA, MT-TC, MT-TD, MT-TE, MT-TF, MT-TG, MT-TH, MT-TI, MT-TK, MT-TL1, MT-TL2, MT-TM, MT-TN, MT-TP, MT-TQ, MT-TR, MT-TS1, MT-TS2, MT-TT, MT-TV, MT-TW, MT-TY)

see also mitochondrial diseases B strc: edmb (perx), skel (ctrs), epit, cili, mito, nucl (chro)

MT-CO2

References

Further reading