| Luzern-Stans-Engelberg-Bahn | |
|---|---|
LSE in Engelberg |
|
| Operation | |
| Owner | Zentralbahn |
| Operator(s) | Zentralbahn |
| Technical | |
| Track gauge | 1,000 mm (3 ft 3 3⁄8 in) |
| Electrification | 15 kV 16⅔ Hz |
| Operating speed | 75 km/h/46.6 mph |
| Maximum incline | 25% until December 2010, now 10.5% |
| Rack system | Riggenbach |
The Luzern-Stans-Engelberg-Bahn (LSE) is a narrow gauge rack railway in Switzerland with a track gauge of 1,000 mm (3 ft 3 3⁄8 in). It connects Lucerne via Stans with the resort of Engelberg.
In 1890 the concession to build a line was given from Stansstad to Engelberg. The opening of the Stansstad-Engelberg-Bahn (StEB) followed in 1898. It was electrified from its beginning, which made it at that time the longest electrically operated railway line of Switzerland. Because of the maximum upward gradient of 25% on the track section between Grafenort and Engelberg, it was decided to use three-phase alternating current. In order to avoid a level crossing with a rack railway, a balance bridge for motor traffic was established at Gruenenwald.
Brown Boveri delivered seven 52 kw motorcoaches, with wooden bodies and side doors to each compartment, between 1898 and 1900, numbered 1 to 7. They also delivered, between 1898 and 1913, five 4-wheeled 110 kw rack bankers which were used beyond Grafenort on the steep uphill section, to assist the motorcoaches up the hill. These were also numbered 1 to 5. All these vehicles survived until 1964.
The railway ended at that time in Stansstad at the Lake of Lucerne. Passengers had to continue by lake steamer or bus. To connect the railway with the national rail network in Hergiswil, where the metre gauge Brünigbahn of SBB had a station, a concession was passed in 1956. However, it took some time to find the money to build the line to Hergiswil. To resolve the problems of old loans, a new company was incorporated in 1959, still named Elektrische Bahn Stansstad-Engelberg. In 1960 work on the Lopper tunnel started and on 27 August 1964, the last three-phase train reached Engelberg. The rack line was rebuilt to Brünigbahn standards and a new overhead line for 15 kV 16⅔ Hz was built. On 19 December 1964, the line went back into business as the Luzern-Stans-Engelberg-Bahn (LSE). The new motor coaches were built for the same maximum speed as the contemporary Brünigbahn motive power (75 km/h/47 mph).
In 2005 the LSE merged with the SBB Brünigbahn to form the Zentralbahn. Formally, SBB sold the Brünigbahn to LSE which paid for it with own shares. LSE was subsequently renamed Zentralbahn and 2/3 of its shares are now owned by SBB.
In December 2010, the Grafenort - Engelberg Tunnel opened between Grafenort and Engelberg, bypassing the very steep 25% incline.[1]