List of convicted war criminals
This is a list of formally charged and convicted war criminals as according to the conduct and rules of warfare as defined by the Nuremberg Trials following World War II as well as earlier agreements established by the Hague Conferences of 1899 and 1907, the Kellogg-Briand Pact of 1928, and the Geneva Conventions of 1929 and 1949.
A
- Heinrich Otto Abetz (1903–1958), German ambassador to France, sentenced to 20 years
- Muto Akira (1883–1948), Japanese army commander and member of the General High Staff, sentenced to death
- Zlatko Aleksovski (b. 1960), Bosnian Croat commander of a prison facility, sentenced to 7 years[1]
- Antonio de Padua María Severino López de Santa Anna y Pérez de Lebrón, Mexican President and General in Texas War, found guilty of abuse and torture of David Crocket, executed.
- Ion Antonescu (1882–1946), Romanian marshal; found guilty by the Romanian People's Tribunals; executed;
- Mihai Antonescu (1907–1946), Romanian government official; found guilty by the Romanian People's Tribunals; executed;
- Andrija Artuković (1899–1988), Croatian minister of Justice and Internal Affairs, Ustasha, sentenced to death, but died before execution
- Steven F. Austin, Texas Commander, wrote a letter to Santa Anna and was guilty for treason, sentenced 5 years in jail.
B
- Milan Babić (1956–2006), Croatian Serb and prime minister of Republic of Serb Krajina. Sentenced to 13 years following agreement[2]
- Erich von dem Bach (1899–1972), German official and SS officer
- Lazlo Baky, (d. 1946), Hungarian Interior Ministry official
- Klaus Barbie (1913–1991), German Gestapo officer
- Laszlo Bardossy (1890–1946), Hungarian Prime Minister
- Franz Anton Basch (1901–1946), German Nazi leader in Hungary
- Gottlob Berger (1897–1975), German SS official
- Werner Best (1903–1989), German Plenipotentiary of Denmark
- Hans Biebow (1902–1947), chief of German Administration of the Łódź Ghetto
- Tihomir Blaškić (b. 1960), Bosnian Croat sentenced to 45 years, changed to 9 years following appeal[3]
- Paul Blobel (1894–1951), German Einsatzgruppe C official
- Martin Ludwig Bormann (1900-c. 1945), German Party Chancellor
- Herbert Bottcher (d. 1950), German SS and Police Leader in Radom, Poland
- Philipp Bouhler (1899–1945), German Führer Chancellory official
- Viktor Brack (1904–1948), German Führer Chancellory official
- Otto Bradfisch (1903–1994), member of the German SS Obersturmbannführer, Leader of Einsatzkommando 8 of Einsatzgruppe B of the Security Police (Sicherheitspolizei) and the SD, and Commander of the Security Police in Litzmannstadt (Łódź) and Potsdam
- Miroslav Bralo (b. 1967), Bosnian Croat member of the "Jokers" anti-terrorist platoon, sentenced to 20 years[4]
- Karl Brandt (1904–1948), German Plenipotentiary for Health official
- Rudolf Brandt (1909–1948), secretary of Heinrich Himmler
- Heinrich Alfred Hermann Walther von Brauchitsch (1881–1948), German Commander-in-Chief of the Army
- Werner Braune (d. 1951), German Einsatzgruppe D official
- Radoslav Brdjanin, Bosnian Serb sentenced to 32 years (30 following appeal)[5]
- Fernand de Brinion (d. 1947), French collaborator and member of the Vichy government
- Joseph Buhler (d. 1948), German Generalgouvernement official
C
- Pietro Caruso (d. 1944), Italian police chief of Rome
- Mario Čerkez (b. 1959), Bosnian Croat sentenced to 6 years[6]
- Ranko Česić (b. 1964), Bosnian Serb sentenced to 18 years for Brčko[7]
- Paul Chack (1876–1945), French collaborator
- Carl Clauberg (1898–1957), medical doctor present at Auschwitz concentration camp
D
- Kurt Daluege (1897–1946), German ORPO and Protektorat official
- Theodor Dannecker (1913–1945), German SS deportation expert in France and Bulgaria
- Joseph Darnand (1897–1945), Vichy French chief of police
- Denice Delfau (d. 1945), French collaborator
- Hazim Delić, Bosnian Muslim sentenced to 18 years for Čelebići prison camp[8]
- Albert Deutscher (d. 1981), member of a Nazi paramilitary group
- Joseph Dietrich (1892–1966), personal bodyguard to Adolf Hitler and commander of Nazi security
- Otto Dietrich (1898–1957), personal Press Secretary to Adolf Hitler
- Doihara Kenji (d. 1948), Japanese general
- Anton Dostler (d. 1945), German General
- Damir Došen (b. 1967), Bosnian Serb, sentenced to 5 years for Keraterm camp[9]
- Sekula Drljević (1884–1945), Montenegrin Nazi collaborator
E
F
G
- Stanislav Galić, Bosnian Serb commander in Siege of Sarajevo. Sentenced to 20 years,[11] appealed and had his sentence changed to life imprisonment[12]
- Karl Gephardt (d. 1948), German SS chief clinician
- Karl Genzken (1895–1957), German SS medical officer
- Richard Glücks (1889–1945), German WVHA official
- Joseph Goebbels [Gobbels] (1897–1945), German Minister of Propaganda
- Hermann Göring (1893–1946), Commander of the German Luftwaffe
- Amon Göth (1908–1946), Commandant at Nazi concentration camp at Płaszów, Poland
- Ernst Grawitz (d. 1945), German SS Reich physician
- Ulrich Greifelt (d. 1949), German Main Office official
- Artur Greiser (d. 1946), German Gauleiter of Wartheland
- Irma Grese (1923–1945), German administrator of the Auschwitz concentration camp
H
- Franz Halder (1884–1972), German general and chief of Army General Staff
- Fritz Hartjenstein (1905–1954), German Auschwitz concentration camp administrator
- Emil Haussmann (d. 1948), German major
- August Heissmeyer (1897–1979), German SS officer
- Konrad Henlein (1898–1945), German Gauleiter of Sudetenland
- Rudolf Hess (1894–1987), deputy Führer (leader) of Nazi Germany
- Reinhard Tristan Eugen Heydrich (1904–1942), chief of the SD, the Gestapo, the SIPO & the RSHA and Acting Reichprotektor of Bohemia and Moravia until his assassination in June 1942.
- Friedrich Hildebrandt (1898–1948), German RuSHA chief and Higher SS and Police Leader of Danzig
- Richard Hildebrandt (1895–1945), German NSDAP Gauleiter of Franconia and SA Gruppenführer
- Heinrich Himmler (1900–1945), commander of the SS, Chief of the German Police (including overseeing the Gestapo) and Minister of the Interior from 1943, forward
- Oskar von Hindenburg (1883–1960), German commander of prisoner of war camps in East Prussia
- Hirota Koki (1878–1948), Japanese premier from 1936–1937
- August Hirt (1898–1945), German medical officer who ran the Struthof-Nazweiler laboratory
- Adolf Hitler (1889–1945), Führer (leader) of Nazi Germany; convicted at Nuremberg in absentia as he was not then known to be dead
- Franz Hofer (1902–1975), German Gauleiter of the Tyrol and Vorarlberg
- Hermann Julius Höfle (1911–1962), German Higher SS and Police Leader in Slovakia
- Otto Hofmann (1896–1982), German RuSHA official
- Hans Hohberg (1898–1948), German WVHA official
- Karl Holz (1895–1945), German NSDAP Gauleiter of Franconia and SA Gruppenführer
- Homma Masaharu (1887–1946), Japanese general involved in the Bataan Death March
- Erich Hoppner (d. 1944), German commander of 4th Panzer Army and Army Group North
- Rudolf Francis Ferdinand Hoss (1900–1947), German Auschwitz concentration camp commander and deputy inspector of Nazi concentration camps
- Franz Hossler (d. 1945), German Auschwitz concentration camp administrator
- Hermann Hoth (1885–1971), German commander of Panzer Group 3, Army Group Center, 17th Group Army and Army Group South
- Waldemar Hoven (1903–1948), German Buchenwald concentration camp doctor
I
J
- Andor Jarosz (d. 1946), Hungarian interior minister
- Friedrich Jeckeln (d. 1946), German SS officer and Police Leader of Ostland
- Goran Jelisić (b. 1969), Bosnian Serb sentenced to 40 years for murders in Brčko. Personally killed 13 civilians[13]
- Alfred Jodl (1890–1946), German commander of operations personnel
- Drago Josipović (b. 1955), Bosnian Croat sentenced to 15, changed to 12 years following appeal[14][15]
- Heinz Jost (d. 1946), German Einsatzgruppe commander
- Hans Jüttner (1894–1965) commander of German SS's Main Leadership Office and Obergruppenführer.
K
- Ernst Kaltenbrunner (1903–1946) Chief of the SD, the SiPo & the RSHA after Reinhard Heydrich's assassination. Highest ranking Nazi official to stand trial at Nuremberg. Executed by hanging.
- Omar Khadr, Pakistani-Canadian convicted for murder and supporting terrorism [16]
- Dietrich Klagges (b. 1891-d.1971), German politician and premier (Ministerpräsident) of Braunschweig
- Fritz Knoechlein (1911–1949), SS Obersturmbannführer, convicted and executed for war crimes (Le Paradis massacre)
- Ilse Koch (1906–1967), German female officer at Buchenwald and Sachsenhausen concentration camps
- Dragan Kolundžija (b. 1959), Bosnian Serb, sentenced to 3 years for Keraterm camp[9]
- Dario Kordić (b. 1960), Bosnian Croat, sentenced to 25 years[6]
- Milojica Kos, Bosnian Serb, sentenced to 6 years for Omarska camp[17]
- Radomir Kovač (b. 1961), Bosnian Serb sentenced to 20 years[18]
- Momčilo Krajišnik, Bosnian Serb politician, sentenced to 27 years[19]
- Milorad Krnojelac, Bosnian Serb sentenced to 7,5 years for Foča massacres. Following appeal, his sentence was raised to 15 years[20]
- Radislav Krstić, Bosnian Serb sentenced to 46 years (35 following appeal) for his part in the Srebrenica massacre, also found guilty of being an accomplice to genocide,[21] first such ruling at ICTY
- Alfred Krupp {1907-1967} German Steel/Arms maker; Involved in slave labor
- Dragoljub Kunarac (b. 1960), Bosnian Serb sentenced to 28 years [18]
- Franz Kutschera (1904–1944), German SS general and Gauleiter of Carinthia.
- Miroslav Kvocka, Bosnian Serb, sentenced to 7 years for Omarska camp[17]
L
- Osama bin Mohammed bin Awad bin Laden, Afgainastan Muslim sentenced to death in Pakastan for the crime of Terrorism in U.S.A.
- Esad Landžo, Bosnian Muslim sentenced to 15 years for Čelebići prison camp[8]
- Hartmann Lauterbacher (1909–1988) German Gauleiter of the Gau of South Hanover-Braunschweig, SS Gruppenführer Leader and high area leader (Obergebietsführer) of the Hitler Youth.
- Hinrich Lohse (1896–1964), German politician
- Werner Lorenz (1891–1974), German head of Volksdeutsche Mittelstelle (Repatriation Office for Ethnic Germans) and an SS Obergruppenführer.
M
N
O
P
- Friedrich Panzinger (d. 1959), German RSHA official
- Franz von Papen (1879–1969), German diplomat and deputy chancellor
- Joachim Peiper (1915–1976) SS-Standartenführer, 1st SS Panzer Division, Leibstandarte-SS Adolf Hitler, held responsible for the Malmedy massacre during the Malmedy massacre trial
- Philippe Pétain (1856–1951), Marshal of France and head of the collaborative Vichy France, sentenced to death first, then life imprisonment
- Biljana Plavšić (b. 1930), Bosnian Serb politician and former president of the Republika Srpska. Sentenced to 11 years[26]
- Paul Pleiger (1899–1985), German state adviser and corporate general director, sentenced to 15 years
- Oswald Pohl (d. 1951), German WVHA official
- Dragoljub Pricac, Bosnian Serb, sentenced to 5 years for Omarska camp[17]
R
- Mlado Radić, Bosnian Serb, sentenced to 20 years for Omarska camp[17]
- Erich Raeder (1876–1960), German grand admiral, sentenced to life imprisonment, later released
- Friedrich Rainer (1903-1947?), German Gauleiter and an Austrian Landeshauptmann of Salzburg and Carinthia, sentenced to death
- Ivica Rajić (b. 1958), Bosnian Croat sentenced to 12 years[27]
- Hanns Albin Rauter (d. 1949), German Higher SS and Police Leader in Holland, sentenced to death
- Hermann Reinecke (1888–1973), German OKW official, sentenced to life imprisonment, later released
- Hans Conrad Julius Reiter (1881–1969), German SS officer and involved in medical experiments at the Buchenwald concentration camp, sentenced
- Lothar Rendulic (1887–1971), German commander of 52nd Infantry Division, sentenced to 20 years (later 10)
- Joachim von Ribbentrop (1893–1946), German foreign minister, sentenced to death
- Henrick Rogstad (d. 1945), Norwegian collaborator and SS security police chief
- Karl von Roques (d. 1949), German Rear Area Army Group South commander
- Alfred Rosenberg (1893–1946), German east minister, sentenced to death
S
- Vladimir Šantić (b. 1958), Bosnian Croat sentenced to 25, changed to 18 years following appeal[14][15]
- Fritz Sauckel (1894–1946), German Labor Plenipotentiary official
- Anthony Sawoniuk (1921–2005), Belarusian collaborator
- Hjalmar Schacht (1877–1970), German Reichsbank official
- Gustav Adolf Scheel (1907–1979), German physician and Nazi deportation officer
- Walter Schellenberg (d. 1952), German RSHA official
- Baldur von Schirach (1907–1974), German Vienna Reichsstatthalter
- Franz Schlegelberger (1876–1970), German State Secretary in the Reich Ministry of Justice (RMJ) and later Justice Minister
- Heinrich Schwarz (1906–1947), German administrator of the Auschwitz III Monowitz concentration camp
- Siegfried Seidl (1911–1947), German administrator of the Theresienstadt concentration camp
- Artur Seyss-Inquart (1892–1946), Austrian government official, collaborator and High Commissioner of the Netherlands
- Mamoru Shigemitsu (1887–1957), Japanese foreign minister
- Wolfram Sievers (d. 1948), German Ahnenerbe official
- Duško Sikirica (b. 1964), Bosnian Serb, sentenced to 15 years for Keraterm camp[9]
- Blagoje Simić (b. 1960), Bosnian Serb sentenced to 17 years for Bosanski Šamac[28]
- Milan Šimić (b. 1960), Bosnian Serb sentenced to 5 years[29]
- Veselin Šljivančanin, Serb Colonel convicted to 5 years for the Vukovar massacre[24]
- Albert Speer (1905–1981), German armament and munitions minister
- Franz Walter Stahlecker (d. 1942), German Foreign Office official
- Milomir Stakić (b. 1962), Bosnian Serb sentenced to life imprisonment for war crimes in Prijedor and nearby concentration camps[30]
- Franz Stangl (1908–1971) German SS officer and administrator of the Sobibór and of the Treblinka concentration camps.
- Otto Steinbrinck (1888–1949), German industrialist and member of the SS
- Julius Streicher (1885–1946), German journalist and editor of the Der Stürmer
- Jürgen Stroop (d. 1951), German SS and Police leader in Warsaw
- Pavle Strugar (b. 1933), Serb general in the Siege of Dubrovnik. Sentenced to 8 years[31]
- Wilhelm Stuckart (d. 1953), German Interior Ministry official
- Otto von Stulpnagel (d. 1948), German military commander of Nazi-occupied France
- Ferenc Szálasi (1897–1946), Hungarian head of state
- Dome Sztojay (d. 1946), Hungarian prime minister
T
- Duško Tadić, Bosnian Serb sentenced to 25 years[32]
- Miroslav Tadić (b. 1937), Bosnian Serb sentenced to 8 years for Bosanski Šamac[28]
- Takejiro Onishi, (d. c. 1945), Japanese vice admiral who created the Kamikaze suicide attacks
- Josef Terboven (1898–1945), German Nazi commissioner of Norway
- Eberhard von Thadden (1906–1947), German foreign office official
- Otto Thierack (1889–1946), German justice minister
- Fritz Thyssen (1873–1951), German industrialist
- Stevan Todorović, Bosnian Serb sentenced to 10 years for Bosanski Šamac[33]
- Hideki Tōjō (1884–1948), Japanese prime minister
U
V
W
- Gerhard Wagner (1888–1939), German Reich Doctors' Leader (Reichsärzteführer)
- Robert Wagner (1895–1946), German Chief of Civil Administration in Alsace and Reichsstatthalter of Baden
- Edward Waiter (d. 1945), German administrator of the Dachau concentration camp
- Fritz Walther (d. 1946), German railroad official
- Walter Warlimont (1894–1976), German OKW official
- Maximilian von Weichs (1881–1954), German general
- Henry Wirz (1822–1865), Confederate administrator of the Andersonville Camp
- Max Winkler (1875–1961), German Main Trusteeship Office East official
- Dieter Wiesliceny (d. 1948), German SS deportation expert in Greece, Slovakia and Hungary
- Karl Wolff (1900–1984), Heinrich Himmler Chief of Staff
Y
Z
Notes
World War II
American military tribunal at Dachau in 1946, tried 75 people for the Malmedy massacre. 73 of these were convicted.[1]
Yugoslav Wars
After the Yugoslav Wars, an international Court was formed to try war criminals (ICTY). However, ICTY tried only a selected number of high-ranking people (a total of 161), with local Courts (in Bosnia, Croatia and Serbia) starting trials mostly against inidividuals or soldiers who carried out orders of those high-ranking officers. Many of those have been convicted.
Croatia raised charges against 3666 people for war crimes, of which 1381 were dropped due to lack of evidence.[35]
References
- Glueck, Sheldon. War Criminals: Their Prosecution and Punishment. New York: Kraus Reprint Corporation, 1966.
- Minear, Richard H. Victors' Justice: The Tokyo War Crimes Trial. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1971.
- Taylor, Telford. Nuremberg and Vietnam: an American Tragedy. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1970.