List of High Courts of India

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India's unitary judicial system is made up of the Supreme Court of India at the national level, for the entire country and the 21 High Courts at the State level. These courts have jurisdiction over a state, a union territory or a group of states and union territories. Below the High Courts are a hierarchy of subordinate courts such as the civil courts, family courts, criminal courts and various other district courts. High Courts are instituted as constitutional courts under Part VI, Chapter V, Article 214 of the Indian Constitution.

The High Courts are the principal civil courts of original jurisdiction in the state along with District Courts which are subordinate to the High courts. However, High courts exercise their original civil and criminal jurisdiction only if the courts subordinate to the High court in the state are not competent (not authorized by law)to try such matters for lack of pecuniary, territorial jurisdiction. High courts may also enjoy original jurisdiction in certain matters if so designated specifically in a state or Federal law. e.g.: Company law cases are instituted only in a High court.

However, primarily the work of most High Courts consists of Appeals from lower courts and writ petitions in terms of Article 226 of the Constitution of India. Writ Jurisdiction is also original jurisdiction of High Court.The precise territorial jurisdiction of each High Court varies.

Each state is divided into judicial districts presided over by a 'District and Sessions Judge'. He is known as a District Judge when he presides over a civil case, and a Sessions Judge when he presides over a criminal case. He is the highest judicial authority below a High Court judge. Below him, there are courts of civil jurisdiction, known by different names in different states.

Under Article 141 of the Constitution of India all courts in India which includes High courts are bound by the judgments and orders of the Supreme Court of India by precedence.

Judges in a High Court are appointed by the President of India in consultation with the Chief Justice of India and the governor of the state. High Courts are headed by a Chief Justice. The Chief Justices are ranked #14 (in their state) and #17 (outside their state) in the Indian order of precedence. The number of judges in a court is decided by dividing the average institution of main cases during the last five years by the national average, or the average rate of disposal of main cases per judge per year in that High Court, whichever is higher.

The Calcutta High Court is the oldest High Court in the country, established on 2 July 1862. High courts which handle a large number of cases of a particular region, have permanent benches (or a branch of the court) established there. Benches are also present in states which come under the jurisdiction of a court outside its territorial limits. Smaller states with few cases may have circuit benches established. Circuit benches (known as circuit courts in some parts of the world) are temporary courts which hold proceedings for a few selected months in a year. Thus cases built up during this interim period are judged when the circuit court is in session.

Contents 1 High Courts 2 High Courts by state/ union territory 3 Courts under High Court 4 References

High Courts

The following are the 21 High Courts of India sorted by name, year established, Act by which it was established, jurisdiction, headquarters, benches, and the maximum number of judges sanctioned.

Court name	Established	Act established	Jurisdiction	Seat	Benches	Jud.	Chief Justice
Allahabad High Court[1]	1866-06-11	High Courts Act, 1861	Uttar Pradesh	Allahabad	Lucknow	95	Hon'ble Shri Justice Syed Rafat Alam
Andhra Pradesh High Court	1954-07-05	Andhra State Act, 1953	Andhra Pradesh	Hyderabad		39	Hon'ble Shri Justice Madan Lokur
Bombay High Court	1862-08-14	High Courts Act, 1861	Maharashtra, Goa, Dadra and Nagar Haveli, Daman and Diu	Mumbai	Nagpur, Panaji, Aurangabad	60	Hon'ble Shri Justice Mohit Shah
Calcutta High Court	1862-07-02	High Courts Act, 1861	West Bengal, Andaman and Nicobar Islands	Kolkata	Port Blair (circuit bench)	63	Hon'ble Shri Justice Jainarayan Patel
Chhattisgarh High Court	2000-01-11	Madhya Pradesh Re-organisation Act, 2000	Chhattisgarh	Bilaspur		12	Hon'ble Shri Justice Rajeev Gupta
Delhi High Court[2]	1966-10-31	Delhi High Court Act, 1966	National Capital Territory of Delhi	New Delhi		36	Hon'ble Shri Justice Arjan Kumar Sikri (Acting)
Gauhati High Court[3]	1948-03-01	Government of India Act, 1935	Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Tripura, Mizoram	Guwahati	Kohima, Aizwal & Imphal. Circuit Bench at Agartala & Shillong	27	Hon'ble Shri Justice A K Goel
Gujarat High Court	1960-05-01	Bombay Re-organsisation Act, 1960	Gujarat	Ahmedabad		42	Hon'ble Shri Justice Bhaskar Bhattacharya (Acting)
Himachal Pradesh High Court	1971	State of H.P. Act, 1970	Himachal Pradesh	Shimla		09	Hon'ble Shri Justice Kurian Joseph
Jammu and Kashmir High Court	1943-08-28	Letters Patent issued by the Maharaja of Kashmir	Jammu & Kashmir	Srinagar & Jammu[4]		14	Hon'ble Shri Justice F M Ibrahim Kalifulla
Jharkhand High Court	2000-11-15	Bihar Re-organisation Act, 2000	Jharkhand	Ranchi		12	Hon'ble Shri Justice Prakash Tatia
Karnataka High Court[5]	1884	Mysore High Court Act, 1884	Karnataka	Bengaluru	Circuit Benches at Hubli-Dharwad & Gulbarga	40	Hon'ble Shri Justice Vikramajit Sen
Kerala High Court[6]	1956	States Reorganisation Act, 1956	Kerala, Lakshadweep	Kochi		40	Hon'ble Smt Justice Manjula Chellur (Acting)
Madhya Pradesh High Court[7]	1936-01-02	Government of India Act, 1935	Madhya Pradesh	Jabalpur	Gwalior, Indore	42	Hon'ble Shri Justice Sushil Harkauli (Acting)
Madras High Court	1862-08-15	High Courts Act, 1861	Tamil Nadu, Pondicherry	Chennai	Madurai	47	Hon'ble Shri Justice M Yusuf Eqbal
Orissa High Court	1948-04-03	Orissa High Court Order, 1948	Orissa	Cuttack		27	Hon'ble Shri Justice Venkate Gowda Gopala Gowda
Patna High Court	1916-09-02	Government of India Act, 1915	Bihar	Patna		43	Hon'ble Ms Justice Rekha Doshit
Punjab and Haryana High Court[8]	1947-11-08	High Court (Punjab) Order, 1947	Punjab, Haryana, Chandigarh	Chandigarh		53	Hon'ble Shri Justice Ranjan Gogoi
Rajasthan High Court	1949-06-21	Rajasthan High Court Ordinance, 1949	Rajasthan	Jodhpur	Jaipur	40	Hon'ble Shri Justice Arun Mishra
Sikkim High Court	1975	38th Amendment	Sikkim	Gangtok		03	Hon'ble Shri Justice Permod Kohli
Uttarakhand High Court	2000-11-09	U.P. Re-organisation Act, 2000	Uttarakhand	Nainital		09	Hon'ble Shri Justice Barin Ghosh

1. ^ Originally known established at Agra. Shifted to Allahabad in 1875.
2. ^ Lahore High Court established in 1919-03-21. Jurisdiction covered undivided Punjab and Delhi. In 1947-08-11 a separate High Court of Punjab was created with its seat at Simla under the Indian Independence Act, 1947 which had jurisdiction over Punjab, Delhi and present Himachal Pradesh and Haryana. In 1966 after the reorganisation of the State of Punjab, the High Court was designated as the High Court of Punjab and Haryana. The Delhi High Court was established on 1966-10-31 with its seat at Simla.
3. ^ Originally known as the High Court of Assam and Nagaland, renamed as Gauhati High Court in 1971 by the North East Areas (Reorganisation) Act, 1971.
4. ^ Srinagar is the summer capital, Jammu is the winter capital.
5. ^ Originally known as Mysore High Court, renamed as Karnataka High Court in 1974.
6. ^ The High Court of Travancore-Cochin was inaugurated at Ernakulam on 7 July 1949. The state of Kerala was formed by the States Reorganisation Act, 1956. That Act abolished the Travancore-Cochin High Court and created the Kerala High Court. The Act also extended the jurisdiction of the Kerala High Court to Lakshadweep.
7. ^ Under the Government of India Act, 1935 by Letters Patent dated 2-1-1936 a High Court was established at Nagpur for the Central Provinces. After the reorganization of states, this High Court was shifted to Jabalpur in 1956.
8. ^ Originally known as Punjab High Court, renamed as Punjab & Haryana High Court in 1966

High Courts by state/ union territory

State or UT	Court	Principal Seat/(Bench having jurisdiction of the State)
Andaman and Nicobar Islands	Calcutta High Court	Kolkata (Circuit Bench at Port Blair)
Arunachal Pradesh	Gauhati High Court	Guwahati (Bench at Itanagar)
Andhra Pradesh	Andhra Pradesh High Court	Hyderabad
Assam	Gauhati High Court	Guwahati
Bihar	Patna High Court	Patna
Chhattisgarh	Chhattisgarh High Court	Bilaspur
Chandigarh	Punjab and Haryana High Court	Chandigarh
Dadra and Nagar Haveli	Bombay High Court	Mumbai
Daman and Diu	Bombay High Court	Mumbai
National Capital Territory of Delhi	Delhi High Court	New Delhi
Goa	Bombay High Court	Mumbai (Bench at Panaji)
Gujarat	Gujarat High Court	Ahmedabad
Haryana	Punjab and Haryana High Court	Chandigarh
Himachal Pradesh	Himachal Pradesh High Court	Shimla
Jammu and Kashmir	Jammu and Kashmir High Court	Srinagar/Jammu
Jharkhand	Jharkhand High Court	Ranchi
Karnataka	Karnataka High Court	Bangalore
Kerala	Kerala High Court	Kochi
Lakshadweep	Kerala High Court	Kochi
Madhya Pradesh	Madhya Pradesh High Court	Jabalpur
Maharashtra	Bombay High Court	Mumbai
Manipur	Gauhati High Court	Guwahati (Bench at Imphal)
Meghalaya	Gauhati High Court	Guwahati (Bench at Shillong)
Mizoram	Gauhati High Court	Guwahati (Bench at Aizawl)
Nagaland	Gauhati High Court	Guwahati (Bench at Kohima)
Orissa	Orissa High Court	Cuttack
Pondicherry	Madras High Court	Chennai
Punjab	Punjab and Haryana High Court	Chandigarh
Rajasthan	Rajasthan High Court	Jodhpur
Sikkim	Sikkim High Court	Gangtok
Tamil Nadu	Madras High Court	Chennai
Tripura	Gauhati High Court	Guwahati
Uttarakhand	Uttarakhand High Court	Nainital
Uttar Pradesh	Allahabad High Court	Allahabad
West Bengal	Calcutta High Court	Kolkata

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Courts under High Court

• District Courts of India
• District Munsiff Court
• Courts of Judicial Magistrate of First Class
• Courts of Judicial Magistrate of Second Class

References

• "Jurisdiction and Seats of Indian High Courts". Eastern Book Company. http://www.ebc-india.com/lawyer/hcourts.htm. Retrieved 2 September 2005. 
• "Judge strength in High Courts increased". Press Information Bureau–Govt. of India. http://pib.nic.in/archieve/lreleng/lyr2003/roct2003/30102003/r301020036.html. Retrieved 2 September 2005. 
• "Judiciary". Supreme Court of India. http://supremecourtofindia.nic.in/new_s/constitution.htm. Retrieved 2 September 2005. 
• "Constitution of India". Wikisource. http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Constitution_of_India. Retrieved 31 December 2005. 

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