Kromy
Kromy (Russian: Кромы) is a urban locality (an urban-type settlement and the administrative center of Kromskoy District of Oryol Oblast, Russia, located on the Kroma River (a tributary of the Oka) 36 kilometers (22 mi) southwest of Oryol. Population: 6,766 (2010 Census preliminary results);[1] 7,194 (2002 Census);[2] 7,082 (1989 Census).[3]
It was first chronicled in 1147, the same year as Moscow. It was a center of one of the Upper Oka Principalities of the 15th century. In 1595, it was fortified by Boris Godunov in order to defend Muscovy from the Tatar raids. During the Time of Troubles it gained nationwide renown as a major stronghold of the rebels such as the Don Cossacks led by Andrey Korela and Ivan Bolotnikov's generals.[4]
Kromy was an important agricultural center throughout the 19th century. A railway from Moscow to Kharkov reached it in the 1850s. A large Neoclassical cathedral dates from this period. Kromy was contested by Anton Denikin's forces and the Red Army in October 1919.[5]
Kromy lost its town status and was demoted to an urban-type settlement in 1924.
References
- ^ Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2011). "Предварительные итоги Всероссийской переписи населения 2010 года (Preliminary results of the 2010 All-Russian Population Census)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census). Federal State Statistics Service. http://www.perepis-2010.ru/results_of_the_census/results-inform.php. Retrieved 2011-04-25.
- ^ Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2004-05-21). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек (Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002). Federal State Statistics Service. http://www.perepis2002.ru/ct/doc/1_TOM_01_04.xls. Retrieved 2010-03-23.
- ^ "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров. (All Union Population Census of 1989. Present population of union and autonomous republics, autonomous oblasts and okrugs, krais, oblasts, districts, urban settlements, and villages serving as district administrative centers.)" (in Russian). Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года (All-Union Population Census of 1989). Demoscope Weekly (website of the Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics. 1989. http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus89_reg.php. Retrieved 2010-03-23.
- ^ http://admkrom.ru/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=52&Itemid=68
- ^ http://www.oryol.ru/material.php?id=856