Koryak Okrug (Russian: Коря́кский о́круг, Koryaksky okrug; Koryak: Чав’чываокруг, Chav'chyvaokrug), or Koryakia, is an administrative division of Kamchatka Krai, Russia.[1] It was a federal subject of Russia (an autonomous okrug of Kamchatka Oblast) from 1931[2] until July 1, 2007, when it merged with Kamchatka Oblast. Prior to the merger, it was called Koryak Autonomous Okrug (Коря́кский автоно́мный о́круг). Its administrative center is the urban locality (an urban-type settlement) of Palana. Population: 18,761 (2010 Census preliminary results);[3] 25,157 (2002 Census);[4] 39,363 (1989 Census).[5]
As of the 2002 Census, Koryaks constituted about a quarter of the population. At the time it had the smallest population of all the federal subjects, despite being ranked 17th in size, at 301,500 square kilometers (116,400 sq mi), encompassing part of the northern half of Kamchatka Peninsula.
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| Births | Deaths | Birth rate | Death rate | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1970 | 683 | 356 | 22.0 | 11.5 |
| 1975 | 706 | 374 | 21.4 | 11.3 |
| 1980 | 701 | 351 | 20.0 | 10.0 |
| 1985 | 793 | 289 | 21.4 | 7.8 |
| 1990 | 635 | 342 | 16.9 | 9.1 |
| 1991 | 623 | 350 | 16.6 | 9.3 |
| 1992 | 611 | 369 | 16.7 | 10.1 |
| 1993 | 459 | 433 | 13.3 | 12.6 |
| 1994 | 433 | 460 | 13.5 | 14.3 |
| 1995 | 382 | 481 | 12.5 | 15.8 |
| 1996 | 374 | 436 | 12.7 | 14.8 |
| 1997 | 373 | 400 | 13.0 | 13.9 |
| 1998 | 396 | 355 | 14.2 | 12.7 |
| 1999 | 319 | 397 | 11.8 | 14.7 |
| 2000 | 289 | 391 | 11.0 | 14.9 |
| 2001 | 298 | 390 | 11.6 | 15.1 |
| 2002 | 310 | 376 | 12.2 | 14.8 |
| 2003 | 268 | 462 | 10.9 | 18.7 |
| 2004 | 339 | 463 | 14.1 | 19.2 |
| 2005 | 294 | 466 | 12.5 | 19.8 |
| 2006 | 270 | 366 | 11.8 | 16.0 |
| 2007 | 280 | 351 | 12.6 | 15.8 |
| 2008 | 267 | 368 | 12.4 | 17.1 |
About 40% of the total population is indigenous, the 6,710 Koryaks being the largest such group. They are, however, outnumbered by the 12,719 ethnic Russians. According to the 2002 Census the ‘national composition’ was • Russian 50.56% • Koryak 26.67% • Chukchi 5.61% • Itelmen 4.69% • Ukrainian 4.09% • Even 2.99% • Tatar 0.86% • Belarusians 0.56% • Kamchadal 0.53% • and a few other groups of less than one hundred persons each. In addition 0.76% of the inhabitants declined to state their nationality on the census questionnaire.[6]
Historical figures are shown below:
| census 1939 | census 1959 | census 1970 | census 1979 | census 1989 | census 2002 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Koryaks | 6,855 (27.2%) | 5,010 (18.2%) | 5,893 (19.1%) | 5,660 (16.2%) | 6,572 (16.5%) | 6,710 (26.7%) |
| Chukchis | 1,267 (5.0%) | 1,062 (3.9%) | 1,164 (3.8%) | 1,222 (3.5%) | 1,460 (3.7%) | 1,412 (5.6%) |
| Itelmens | 801 (3.2%) | 900 (3.3%) | 970 (3.1%) | 1,002 (2.9%) | 1,179 (3.0%) | 1,181 (4.7%) |
| Evens | 714 (2.8%) | 520 (1.9%) | 613 (2.0%) | 476 (1.4%) | 713 (1.8%) | 751 (3.0%) |
| Russians | 13,794 (54.8%) | 16,674 (60.6%) | 19,522 (63.1%) | 22,493 (64.5%) | 24,773 (62.0%) | 12,719 (50.6%) |
| Ukrainians | 847 (3.4%) | 1,310 (4.8%) | 1,186 (3.8%) | 1,999 (5.7%) | 2,896 (7.3%) | 1,029 (4.1%) |
| Others | 882 (3.5%) | 2,049 (7.4%) | 1,569 (5.1%) | 1,999 (5.7%) | 2,347 (5.9%) | 1,355 (5.4%) |
| Total | 25160 | 27525 | 30917 | 34850 | 39940 | 25157 |
On April 20, 2006, Kamchatka Peninsula was struck by a major earthquake. The 7.7-magnitude tremblor had its epicenter near the village of Tilichiki. The Koryakia branch of the Russian Office of Emergency Situations said some area residents were injured but there were no fatalities.
The quake occurred at about noon local time Friday, so residents were awake and not caught in their beds.
The United States Geological Survey reported a series of at least fifty smaller aftershocks in the area and immediately offshore. They ranged from 4.1 to 6.5 magnitudes on the Richter scale.
Bruce Presgrave, a geophysicist with the U.S.G.S. in Colorado, said the quake was relatively shallow. He estimated that about 2,000 people live close enough to the epicenter to have felt its full force.
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