Komsomolsk-on-Amur (English) Комсомольск-на-Амуре (Russian) |
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Stalinist architecture in Komsomolsk-on-Amur |
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Komsomolsk-on-Amur
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Coordinates: | |
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Administrative status | |
Country | Russia |
Federal subject | Khabarovsk Krai |
Municipal status | |
Urban okrug | Komsomolsk-na-Amure Urban Okrug |
Mayor | Vladimir Mikhalyov |
Statistics | |
Population (2010 Census, preliminary) |
263,906 inhabitants[1] |
- Rank in 2010 | 70th |
Population (2002 Census) | 281,035 inhabitants[2] |
- Rank in 2002 | 67th |
Time zone | VLAST (UTC+11:00)[3] |
Founded | 1932 |
Postal code(s) | 6810xx |
Dialing code(s) | +7 4217 |
Official website |
Komsomolsk-on-Amur (Russian: Комсомо́льск-на-Аму́ре, Komsomolsk-na-Amure) is a city in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia, situated on the left bank of Amur River. It is located on the BAM railway line, 356 kilometers (221 mi) northeast of Khabarovsk. Population: 263,906 (2010 Census preliminary results);[1] 281,035 (2002 Census);[2] 315,325 (1989 Census).[4]
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Komsomolsk and its suburbs stretch for over 30 kilometers (19 mi) along the left bank of the Amur River. The river at this point is up to 2.5-kilometer (1.6 mi) wide.
The distance to Khabarovsk—the administrative center of the krai—is 356 kilometers (221 mi); to the Pacific Ocean—about 300 kilometers (190 mi). The nearest other major town is Amursk, about 45 kilometers (28 mi) south.
Temperatures in the area of the city can range up to +50 °C (90.0 °F) over the course of the year, with a daily average of −29 °C (−20 °F) in January, compared to +26 °C (79 °F) in July.
The future site of Komsomolsk was conquered by Mongols in the 13th century, becoming part of Mongol Empire under the Mongol Yuan Dynasty and later Manchus held until 1858 treaty of Aigun ceded the area to the Russian Empire.
The village of Permskoye (Пе́рмское) was established on the later site of Komsomolsk in 1860 by migrant peasants from what is now Perm Krai.
The government of the Russian SFSR announced in 1931 plans to construct a shipyards on the Amur at the present site of Komsomolsk, with construction beginning in 1932. The town was largely built using volunteer labor from the Communist youth organization Komsomol, thus receiving the name Komsomolsk. However, the construction of the town was aided with the use of slave labour from the prison camps situated in the area.[5] The suffix on Amur was added to differentiate from other towns with the same name. It was granted town status in 1933.
By the end of the 1930s, the shipyards along with facilities for other heavy industry had been completed. The city developed into a regional centre for industries such as metallurgy, machinery, oil refining, and shipbuilding.
Komsomolsk-on-Amur is an important industrial center of Khabarovsk Krai and of the Russian Far East.[6] It has a diversified economy where machine building, metallurgy and timber enterprises dominate.[7]
The city's most notable company is Komsomolsk-on-Amur Aircraft Production Association, Russia's largest aircraft-manufacturing enterprise. It is among Khabarovsk Krai's most successful enterprises, and for years has been the largest taxpayer of the territory.[8] It has manufactured hundreds of civil aircraft and thousands of various-role military aircraft from the first recon aircraft to modern Su- series fighters and light amphibian aeroplanes.[9] The company is hugely important to the city's economy, contributing 45% of all payments into the local budget.[8]
Also based in the city is Amur Shipbuilding Plant, an important producer of ships and submarines.[10]
Two air bases are located near the city, Khurba to the south and Dzemgi to the north.
The city is an important rail junction, situated at the end of a branch line from Khabarovsk to the Baikal Amur Mainline.
The city is served by Komsomolsk-on-Amur Airport
Komsomolsk-on-Amur is twinned with the following sister cities:[11]
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