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Original provinces
Minor states
One-unit provinces
Other subdivisions
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| Kalat | ||||||||||
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Kalat or Qalat (Balochi: قلات) was a princely state located in the centre of the modern province of Balochistan, Pakistan. The state capital was the town of Kalat.
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The State of Kalat was located between 25°1′ and 30°8′N. And 61°37′ and 69°22′E., with a total area of 11,593 square miles (30,030 km2). It occupied the whole of the centre and south-west of the Province of Balochistan, with the exception of the indentation caused by the little State of Las Bela. It was bounded on the west by Iran; on the east by the Bolan Pass, the Maxi and Bugti hills, and Sindh; on the north by the Chagai and Quetta-Pishin Districts; and on the south by Las Bela and the Arabian Sea. With the exception of the plains of Kharan, Kachhi, and Dasht in Makran, the country is wholly mountainous, the ranges being intersected here and there by long narrow valleys.
The principal mountains are the Central Brahui, Kirthar, Pab, Siahan, Central Makran and Makran Coast Ranges, which descend in elevation from about 10,000 to 1,200 feet (370 m). The drainage of the country is almost all carried off to the southward by the Nari, Mula, Hab, Porali, Hingol and Dasht rivers. The only large river draining northwards is the Rakhshan. The coast-line stretches for about 160 miles (260 km), from near Kalmat to Gwadar Bay, and the chief port is Pasni. Round Gwadar the country was in the possession of the Sultan of Muscat.[1]
The state of Kalat was founded in 1666. The territories controlled by the state fluctuated over the centuries but eventually were established by treaties with the British Agent Robert Sandeman in the late 19th century. Parts of the state to the north and northeast were leased or ceded to form the province of British Baluchistan which later gained the status of a Chief Commissioners province.
In 1947, the Khan of Kalat reportedly acceded to the dominion of India. But his accession papers were returned by Jawaharlal Nehru, the Prime Minister of India.[2][3][4]
On 28 March 1948, the Khan of Kalat acceded to Pakistan. The Baluchistan States Union was formed on 3 October 1952 with three neighbouring states. The state of Kalat ceased to exist on 14 October 1955 when the province of West Pakistan was formed.
The rulers of Kalat held the title of Wali originally but in 1739 also took the title (Begler Begi) Khan usually shortened to Khan. The last Khan of Kalat (Urdu: خان قلات) had the privilege of being the President of the Council of Rulers for the Baluchistan States Union.
| Tenure | Khan of Kalat[5] | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1666 - 1667 | Ahmad I | ||
| 1695 - 1696 | Mir Mehrab | ||
| 1697 - 1713 | Samandar Khan | ||
| 1713 - 1714 | Ahmad II | ||
| 1715 - 1730 | Mir Abdullah | ||
| 1730 - 1749 | Mir Muhabbat | ||
| 1749 - 1794 | Mir Muhammad Nasir Khan I | ||
| 1794 - 1831 | Mir Mahmud Khan I | ||
| 1831 - 13 November 1839 | Mir Mehrab Khan II | ||
| 1839 - 1840 | Mir Shah Nawaz Khan | ||
| 1840 - 1857 | Mir Nasir Khan II | ||
| 1857 - March 1863 | Mir Khudadad Khan (1st time) during his period of rule, there were seven major and many minor rebellion took place. | ||
| March 1863 - May 1864 | Sherdil Khan (usurped throne) | ||
| May 1864 - 15 August 1893 | Mir Khudadad Khan (2nd time) | ||
| 10 November 1893 - 3 November 1931 | Mahmud Khan II | ||
| 3 November 1931 - 10 September 1933 | Mohammad Azam Jan Khan | ||
| 10 September 1933 - 14 October 1955 | Ahmad Yar Khan | ||
| 12 March 1955 - 30 March 1955 | [ Under Taker Khan]] | 28 March 1948 | State of Kalat acceded to Pakistan |
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