John Howard Clark (15 January 1830 – 20 May 1878) was editor of The South Australian Register from 1870 to 1877 and was responsible for its Echoes from the Bush column and closely associated with its Geoffry Crabthorn persona.
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John was born in Birmingham, son of Francis Clark (1799 – 1853), a manufacturer of wire and nails,[1] also born in Birmingham. Grandfather Thomas Clark ran a school for boys, then a factory.[2]
His mother Caroline (1800 – 16 September 1877) was a daughter of mathematician Thomas Wright Hill (24 April 1763 – 13 June 1851) founder of what became Hazelwood School in Birmingham under her brother Rowland Hill (famous for inventing penny postage and important in South Australian history as the Secretary to the Commissioners for the Colonization of South Australia).
John was educated at Birmingham and Edgbaston Proprietary School and King's College London, where John Lorenzo Young (later to found the Adelaide Educational Institution) was a fellow student.[3]
He worked for a time at an iron smelter in Dudley, but after a bout of serious illness, emigrated with his parents to Adelaide, South Australia, where he arrived on the Fatima in June 1850. After a short period of work as an assayer, he joined his father as accountant in the firm which, with the addition of A. Sidney Clark in 1853[1] became Francis Clark and Sons, hardware importers and shipping agents of Blyth Street. John Howard Clark became one of the colony's most sought-after accountants.[4] (After the death of Francis Clark, the company's focus shifted towards real estate, insurance and finance, and in 1871, with the firm of Clark and Crompton, moved to offices in Grenfell Street.[5] They branched out into stationary engines and other machinery around 1875, opening separate premises under Joseph Horwood on Gresham Street and North Terrace,[6] moving to Blyth Street in 1878. In 1886, with the departure of M Symonds Clark, it became Francis H Clark & Co. and closed a few years later.)
He was an adept writer and contributed to the Register (one of those who used the nom de plume "Pleeceman X"), and the Telegraph,[7] an evening paper whose editor, Frederick Sinnett, was a close friend.[4]
In October 1865 he purchased a share of the Register and Observer from The Hon. Joseph Fisher (1834 - 1907), the other proprietors being William Kyffin Thomas and Edward William Andrews. He also took Fisher's place as its commercial manager. He was appointed editor in 1870. (The proprietors at the time of his funeral were William Kyffin Thomas, C. Day, J. H. Finlayson and Robert Kyffin Thomas.[4])
The seven years of his editorship marked a high point in the history of The Register. According to one commentator "... his well-balanced intellect, his judicially impartial mind, and great knowledge of men and things, stood bim in good stead. ... the paper has become a greater power in the state ... not merely for its independence of thought, but for its fearlessness in tho expression of its opinions, and its aim to be at all times fair and just. ... many of his articles upon education and financial questions were very powerful. ... (he was) an ardent disciple of Stuart Mill, and the abolition of not a few of the restrictions upon trade in the colony is in a measure due to his advocacy".[8]
The one aspect of his incumbency for which he is best remembered is the weekly "Echoes from the Bush" column, conducted under the pseudonym "Geoffry Crabthorn" with its frequently powerful advocacy and pungent satire. "It is understood that he originated (this column). Whether he did or not I am not in a position to say but that he contributed to it some of the best productions of his mind I know full well. The "Echoes" have been read and appreciated in the other colonies - in fact, at this moment I have a letter from one of the ablest writers in Sydney, who says, what we here are prepared to endorse, that "Geoffry Crabthorn" at his best has no peer in Australia."[8]
He acted as landlord for his brother-in-law Rowland Hill, who owned two parcels of land later the site of by the Parkside Mental Hospital.[9]
He was a supporter of the Adelaide Educational Institution and close friend of its founder, John L. Young.[4]
He was an active member of the Unitarian Christian Church in Wakefield Street, and prominent in the appointment in 1855 of its first full-time minister, the Rev. John Crawford Woods.[10]
He helped found the Adelaide Philosophical Society, and was secretary from its formation in 1853 until 1862.[11] His brother A. Sidney Clark later held that position.[1]
He helped found the South Australian Institute, and was for many years one of its its Governors,[4] resigning in 1873 because of ill-health.[12]
In 1860 he joined the Volunteer Force and rose to the rank of Major in 1866. In 1869 he was obliged to decline further promotion because of ill-health.[13] The South Australian Volunteer Force was a militia formed in 1855 for the defence of the colony of South Australia.[14]
Note: Most if not all of his children were given the middle name "Howard" and he was was himself generally referred to as though "Howard Clark" were his surname.
His seven brothers included Algernon Sidney Clark (1826 – 16 February 1908), Matthew Symonds Clark and Henry Septimus Clark (died February 1864). Two had died of tuberculosis before 1849. One was the father of Edward Vincent Clark. His three sisters included (Caroline) Emily Clark (1824 – ca.20 November 1911) founder, with Catherine Helen Spence, of the "Boarding-out Society", a scheme for finding homes for destitute children[15] and Susan Mary Clark who on 8 May 1866 married Joseph Crompton (1842 – 1901), who with her brother Henry, founded Stonyfell winery.[2][16]
He married Lucy Martin (ca.1840 – 3 May 1863) in the Unitarian Church in Wakefield Street on 15 October 1858. They lived in Hazelwood Cottage (named after the Birmingham school,[2] and commemorated in the present-day suburb of Hazelwood Park.[17]) on Greenhill Road, Knightsbridge.
Lucy gave birth to
His wife Lucy died 6 days after birth of daughter Lucy. He married again, to Agnes Macnee (ca.1843 – 13 June 1913) on 11 October 1865. She gave birth to
He had a residence at Port Willunga where he appears to have spent his last years [24] and where he died on 20 May 1878, aged 48, of consumption (tuberculosis).[4]
Heaton, J. H. Australian Dictionary of Dates and Men of the Time George Robertson, Sydney 1879