Jūkendō
Jūkendō (銃剣道)
Japanese Type 30 bayonet (1894–1945) |
| Focus |
Weaponry (Bayonet) |
| Hardness |
Competitive |
| Country of origin |
Japan |
| Creator |
No single creator |
| Parenthood |
Historical |
| Olympic sport |
No |
Jūkendō (銃剣道?) is the Japanese martial art of bayonet fighting,[1][2][3][4] and has been likened to kendo (but with bayonets instead of swords).[5] Jukendo techniques are based on sojutsu (spear fighting)[6] or bayonet techniques from the 17th century, when firearms were introduced to Japan.[7]
During the Meiji period, Japanese bayonet fighting techniques were consolidated into a system named jukenjitsu,[7] and taught at the Toyama military academy in Tokyo.[7] Morihei Ueshiba, founder of aikido, trained in jukenjitsu and incorporated some of that art into his own art.[8] Following World War II, the practice of jukenjitsu was banned by the Allies, but it later returned in the modern form of jukendo.[7] The Japan Amateur Jukendo Federation was established in 1952.[9] The All Japan Jukendo Federation was established in April 1956.[10]
Modern jūkendō uses a mokujū, a wooden replica of a rifle with an attached and blunted bayonet at the end, in place of an actual rifle.[5] The art is practised by both Japanese military personnel and civilians.[7] Training incorporates kata (patterns), two-person drills, and competitive matches using mokujū and protective armor.[7] The three main target areas are the heart, throat, and lower left side of the opponent.[7]
See also
References
- ^ Stevens, J. (1985): "The Founder, Ueshiba Morihei." In R. Strozzi-Heckler (Ed.): Aikido and the new warrior (pp. 5–22). Berkeley, CA: North Atlantic. (ISBN 978-0-9381-9051-6)
- ^ Mather, J. (1990): "A Sensei's story: Karate's Takayuki Kubota." Black Belt, 28(6):40–44.
- ^ Steele, D. E. (1991): "Training to fight Saddam's army: US troops prepared for hand-to-hand combat against Iraqis." Black Belt, 29(5):33–36.
- ^ Lowry, D. (2009): The Karate way: Discovering the spirit of practice (p. 76). Boston, MA: Shambhala. (ISBN 978-1-5903-0647-5)
- ^ a b Clayton, B. D., Horwitz, R., & Pollard, E. (2004): Shotokan's secret: The hidden truth behind Karate's fighting origins (p. 148). Black Belt Books. (ISBN 978-0-8975-0144-6)
- ^ Tanaka, F. (2003): Samurai fighting arts: The spirit and the practice (p. 222). Tokyo: Kodansha International. (ISBN 978-4-7700-2898-3)
- ^ a b c d e f g Fighting Arts: Jukendo (c. 2008). Retrieved on February 28, 2010.
- ^ de Jong, H. (c. 2007): Aikido Retrieved on February 28, 2010.
- ^ Wagner, E. A. (1989): Sport in Asia and Africa: A comparative handbook (p. 60). New York: Greenwood. (ISBN 978-0-3132-5767-4)
- ^ All Japan Jukendo Federation (Japanese). Retrieved on February 28, 2010.
External links
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