Ivanovo
Ivanovo (Russian: Ива́ново) is a city and the administrative center of Ivanovo Oblast, Russia. Population: 409,277 (2010 Census preliminary results);[4] 431,721 (2002 Census);[5] 481,042 (1989 Census).[8]
Ivanovo has traditionally been called the textile capital of Russia. Since most textile workers are women, it has also been known as the "City of Brides". Probably the most famous of the city's female natives was the postmodern French writer Nathalie Sarraute.
It is home to Ivanovo Severny, which is one of the largest military airlift bases in Russia. Civilian air services are provided at Ivanovo Yuzhny Airport.
Ivanovo has several educational institutions: Ivanovo State University, Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology, Ivanovo Medical Academy, Ivanovo Architectural Academy, Ivanovo State Power University(ISPU).
History
Ivanovo was created by merging the old flax-processing village Ivanovo (first documented in 1561) with the industrial Voznesensky Posad in 1871. Until 1932, its official name was Ivanovo-Voznesensk. Because of its textile manufacturing industry, Ivanovo earned the sobriquet of the "Russian Manchester" during the 19th century.[9]
By the early 20th century, Ivanovo competed with Łódź (also a part of the Russian Empire at that time) for the title of the primary textile production centre in Europe. As the workers' living conditions were appalling, the strikes were frequent. One of these strikes (May 14-July 22, 1905) led to the first Russian revolution. According to the Soviet historiography, e.g., Great Soviet Encyclopedia, article "Soviets of Workers' Deputies" (Russian: Советы депутатов трудящихся), the Ivanovo Soviet (created May 28, 1905) was one of the first Soviets in the history. However this statement is contested, see Saint Petersburg Soviet. Ironically, the Soviet was founded on the advice of a government factory inspector.
Notable people
- Andrei Bubnov, Bolshevik politician
- Yelena Kruglova, sportsman-swimmer
- Pavel Kupriyanovsky, scientist-philologist, writer, holder of an Order
- Leonid Taganov, scientist-philologist, writer, holder of an Order
- Valery Memetov, scientist-historian, holder of an Order
- Sergei Nechaev, Revolutionary Nihilist
- Nathalie Sarraute, writer
- Alexandr Spryskov, scientist-chemist, holder of an Order
- Georgii Evgen'evich Shilov, mathematician
- Vladimir Tsybin, flautist and conductor
- Vyacheslav Mikhailovich Zaitsev, designer, painter, graphic artist and theatrical costume designer.
- Vitaly Tepikin, scientist-historian, writer
- Zoya Yakovleva, scientist-chemist, holder of an Order
- Marina Voica (née Nikolskaya), Romanian musician and showbiz celebrity
- Marina Shpekht, Russian rhythmic gymnast
Twin towns/sister cities
Ivanovo is twinned with:
See also
References
- Notes
- ^ Map of Ivanovo(Russian)
- ^ City Ivanovo (Russian)
- ^ Official website of the Administration of Ivanovo. Alexander Germanovich Fomin, Head of the City (Russian)
- ^ a b Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2011). "Предварительные итоги Всероссийской переписи населения 2010 года (Preliminary results of the 2010 All-Russian Population Census)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census). Federal State Statistics Service. http://www.perepis-2010.ru/results_of_the_census/results-inform.php. Retrieved 2011-04-25.
- ^ a b Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2004-05-21). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек (Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002). Federal State Statistics Service. http://www.perepis2002.ru/ct/doc/1_TOM_01_04.xls. Retrieved 2010-03-23.
- ^ The value of density was calculated automatically by dividing the 2010 Census population by the area specified in the infobox. Please note that this value may not be accurate as the area specified in the infobox does not necessarily correspond to the area of the entity proper or is reported for the same year as the population.
- ^ Правительство Российской Федерации. Постановление №725 от 31 августа 2011 г. «О составе территорий, образующих каждую часовую зону, и порядке исчисления времени в часовых зонах, а также о признании утратившими силу отдельных Постановлений Правительства Российской Федерации». Вступил в силу по истечении 7 дней после дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Российская Газета", №197, 6 сентября 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Resolution #725 of August 31, 2011 On the Composition of the Territories Included into Each Time Zone and on the Procedures of Timekeeping in the Time Zones, as Well as on Abrogation of Several Resolutions of the Government of the Russian Federation. Effective as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication).
- ^ "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров. (All Union Population Census of 1989. Present population of union and autonomous republics, autonomous oblasts and okrugs, krais, oblasts, districts, urban settlements, and villages serving as district administrative centers.)" (in Russian). Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года (All-Union Population Census of 1989). Demoscope Weekly (website of the Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics. 1989. http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus89_reg.php. Retrieved 2010-03-23.
- ^ Cookson, Roy (2002). A World of Manchesters. Casthermen Books. p. 111. ISBN 0-9542404-0-5.
- ^ "Twin Cities". The City of Łódź Office. (in English and Polish) © 2007 UMŁ. http://en.www.uml.lodz.pl/index.php?str=2029. Retrieved 2008-10-23.
External links
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Administrative center: Ivanovo
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