Intestinal epithelial differentiation genes

Table of genes implicated in development and differentiation of the intestinal epithelium [1]

The table listed below is a running comprehensive list of all intestinal differential genes that have been reported in the literature. The PMID is the pubmed identification number of the papers that support the summerized information in the table corresponding to each row.

Official Common Function/phenotype PMID
APC Conditional deletion promotes Paneth cell differentiation at the expense of enterocyte, goblet and enteroendocrine cell differentiation. Negative regulator of beta-catenin 15716339 [2]
ATOH1 Math1, HATH1 Commitment to secretory lineage 20691176[3] 17570220[4] 11739954 [5]
BMPR1A Involved in terminal differentiation of secretory cells 17678919 [6]
CBFA2T2 Mtgr1 Required for maintenance of secretory lineage 16227606 [7]
CDH1 E-cadherin Required for maturation/localization of Paneth and goblet cells 21179475 [8]
CDX1 Cdx1 Induced expression promoted enterocyte differentiation in IEC6 cells 19059241 [9] 10579974 [10]
CDX2 Cdx2 Involves in epithelial cell maturation as well as goblet and Paneth cell differentiation. Required for the small intestinal identity during development. In IEC-6 cells, conditional expression induced enterocyte and goblet like cells 21081128[11] 19386267[12] 8552090 [13]
CTNNB1 Catenin, beta Paneth cell differentiation. Essential for stem cell/crypt maintenance. Villus and crypt morphogenesis with Tcf3 via c-Myc 18948094[14] 17785439[15] 17681174 [16]
DLL1 Functions as a cis acting element and required for goblet cell differentiation in the Notch inactive colonic epithelia. Notch ligand in intestine. Required for the maintenance of stem and progenitors 20170633[17] 21238454 [18]
DLL4 Notch ligand in intestine. Required for the maintenance of stem and progenitors 21238454 [18]
ELF3 ESE-1 Terminal differentiation of absorptive enterocytes 19801644 [19]
EPHB3 Localization of Paneth cells to crypt base 12408869 [20]
FGF7 KGF Regulate epithelial growth and promote differentiation 19326389 [21]
FGFR3 Paneth cell specification through beta-catenin/Tcf4 dependent and independent pathway. Significant reduction in Paneth cell in knockout mice. Involved in crypt development and stem cell expansion 19407216 [22]
FOXA1 HNF3A Involved in goblet cell differentiation and enteroendocrine differentiation 19737569 [23]
FOXA2 HNF3B Involved in goblet cell differentiation and enteroendocrine differentiation 19737569 [23]
FZD5 Required for Paneth cell maturation. Loss of Paneth cell genes after conditional deletion 15778706 [24]
GADD45GIP1 Crif1 Essential Elf3 coactivator in differentiation of absorptive enterocytes 19801644 [19]
GATA6 Regulates proximal-distal identity in the intestines 21262227 [25]
GATA4 Required for proximal intestinal identity 16940177 [26] 18812176 [27]
GFI1 Required for proper allocation of secretory lineage 16230531 [28]
HES1 Hes1 Commitment to absorptive lineage 10615124 [29]
HNF1A HNF1-α Regulates terminal differentiation of enterocytes and secretory cells potentially by direct regulation of Atoh1 20133952 [30] 20388655 [31]
HNF1B HNF1-β Regulates terminal differentiation of enterocytes and secretory cells potentially by direct regulation of Atoh1 20133952 [30] 20388655 [31]
IHH Colonocytes differentiation 14770182 [32]
KLF4 GKLF Promotes goblet cell differentiation in colon 21070761[33] 12015290 [34]
LGR4 GPR48 Promotes Paneth cell differentiation and crypt cell proliferation. Along with LGR5, acts as the receptor for R-Spondin, a WNT co-ligand that amplifies WNT signaling 21508962 [35] 21909076 [36]
LGR5 GPR49 Premature paneth cell differentiation in fetal intestine. Intestinal stem cell marker. Along with LGR5, acts as the receptor for R-Spondin, a WNT co-ligand that amplifies WNT signaling 19394326 [37] 21727895 [38]
MMP9 Negatively regulates terminal differentiation of goblet cells in colon 17484881 [39]
MSI1 Suppress paneth cell differentiation independent of Notch and Wnt signaling pathways 19214660 [40]
MYBL2 Regulates commitment of colon stem cells to differentiate 20857481;[41] 20133952 [42]
MYC Crypt loss upon conditional deletion in the adult 16954380 [43]
NEUROD1 BETA2 Differentiation of Ngn3 enteroendocrine cells into CCK and secretin cells 18022152;[44] 15044355 [45]
NEUROG3 Commitment to the enteroendocrine cell lineage 17706959;[46] 12456641 [47]
NKX2-2 Nkx2.2 Required for a subset of enteroendocrine cells differentiation 18022152 [48]
NOTCH1 Regulates absorptive cells vs secretory cells 15959516;[49] 18274550 [50]
NOTCH2 Regulates absorptive]] cells vs secretory cells 15959516;[51] 18274550 [52]
NOX1 Regulate ROS to activate Notch1 signaling and indirectly promote absorptive cell lineage in the colon 20351171 [53]
PAX6 Differentiation of GIP in enteroendocrine lineage 18022152;[54] 10478839 [55]
PDX1 IPF1 Overexpression causes differentiation of immature intestinal epithelia to enteroendocrine cells. Conditional deletion alters enterocyte and enteroendocrine gene expression 11408276 [56] ; 19808654 [57]
PPARD PPAR-δ/β Involves in Paneth cell maturation by modulating IHH expression 16890607 [58]
PTK6 BRK Promote cell cycle exit in Wnt independent pathway and promote enterocyte differentiation 16782882 [59]
RB1 pRB Required for enterocyte terminal differentiation in small intestine 18981186 [60]
RBPJ CBF1 Conversion of progenitors and differentiated cells into goblet cells by conditional deletion 15959515 [61]
SOX9 Required for paneth cell differentiation 17698607;[62] 17681175 [63]
SPDEF PDEF Regulates terminal differentiation of goblet cells and Paneth cells 19786015;[64] 19549527 [65]
STK11 LKB1 Required for normal differentiation of goblet and Paneth cells 19165340[66]
TGFBR2 Tgf-βRII The critical downstream target of Elf3 for enterocyte differentiation 17408644 [67]
VAV Required for enterocyte differentiation in mouse cecum and colon 19139088 [68]

References

  1. ^ Noah, T. K.; Donahue, B.; Shroyer, N. F. (2011). "Intestinal development and differentiation". Experimental Cell Research. doi:10.1016/j.yexcr.2011.09.006. PMID 21978911.  edit
  2. ^ Andreu, P.; Colnot, S.; Godard, C.; Gad, S.; Chafey, P.; Niwa-Kawakita, M.; Laurent-Puig, P.; Kahn, A. et al. (2005). "Crypt-restricted proliferation and commitment to the Paneth cell lineage following Apc loss in the mouse intestine". Development 132 (6): 1443–1451. doi:10.1242/dev.01700. PMID 15716339.  edit
  3. ^ Vandussen, K. L.; Samuelson, L. C. (2010). "Mouse Atonal Homolog 1 Directs Intestinal Progenitors to Secretory Cell Rather than Absorptive Cell Fate". Developmental Biology 346 (2): 215–223. doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2010.07.026. PMC 2945455. PMID 20691176. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2945455.  edit
  4. ^ Shroyer, N. F.; Helmrath, M. A.; Wang, V. Y. –C.; Antalffy, B.; Henning, S. J.; Zoghbi, H. Y. (2007). "Intestine-Specific Ablation of Mouse atonal homolog 1 (Math1) Reveals a Role in Cellular Homeostasis". Gastroenterology 132 (7): 2478–2488. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2007.03.047. PMID 17570220.  edit
  5. ^ Yang, Q.; Bermingham, N. A.; Finegold, M. J.; Zoghbi, H. Y. (2001). "Requirement of Math1 for Secretory Cell Lineage Commitment in the Mouse Intestine". Science 294 (5549): 2155–2158. doi:10.1126/science.1065718. PMID 11739954.  edit
  6. ^ Auclair, B. A.; Benoit, Y. D.; Rivard, N.; Mishina, Y.; Perreault, N. (2007). "Bone Morphogenetic Protein Signaling is Essential for Terminal Differentiation of the Intestinal Secretory Cell Lineage". Gastroenterology 133 (3): 887–896. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2007.06.066. PMID 17678919.  edit
  7. ^ Amann, J. M.; Chyla, B. J. I.; Ellis, T. C.; Martinez, A.; Moore, A. C.; Franklin, J. L.; McGhee, L.; Meyers, S. et al. (2005). "Mtgr1 is a Transcriptional Corepressor That is Required for Maintenance of the Secretory Cell Lineage in the Small Intestine". Molecular and Cellular Biology 25 (21): 9576–9585. doi:10.1128/MCB.25.21.9576-9585.2005. PMC 1265807. PMID 16227606. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1265807.  edit
  8. ^ Schneider, M. R.; Dahlhoff, M.; Horst, D.; Hirschi, B.; Trülzsch, K.; Müller-Höcker, J.; Vogelmann, R.; Allgäuer, M. et al. (2010). Algül, Hana. ed. "A Key Role for E-cadherin in Intestinal Homeostasis and Paneth Cell Maturation". PLoS ONE 5 (12): e14325. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0014325. PMC 3001873. PMID 21179475. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3001873.  edit
  9. ^ Park, M. J.; Kim, H. Y.; Kim, K.; Cheong, J. (2009). "Homeodomain transcription factor CDX1 is required for the transcriptional induction of PPARγ in intestinal cell differentiation". FEBS Letters 583 (1): 29–35. doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2008.11.030. PMID 19059241.  edit
  10. ^ Soubeyran, P.; André, F.; Lissitzky, J. C.; Mallo, G. V.; Moucadel, V.; Roccabianca, M.; Rechreche, H.; Marvaldi, J. et al. (1999). "Cdx1 promotes differentiation in a rat intestinal epithelial cell line". Gastroenterology 117 (6): 1326–1338. PMID 10579974.  edit
  11. ^ Crissey, M. A. S.; Guo, R. J.; Funakoshi, S.; Kong, J.; Liu, J.; Lynch, J. P. (2011). "Cdx2 levels modulate intestinal epithelium maturity and Paneth cell development". Gastroenterology 140 (2): 517–528.e8. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2010.11.033. PMC 3031739. PMID 21081128. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3031739.  edit
  12. ^ Gao, N.; White, P.; Kaestner, K. H. (2009). "Establishment of Intestinal Identity and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Signaling by Cdx2". Developmental Cell 16 (4): 588–599. doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2009.02.010. PMC 2673200. PMID 19386267. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2673200.  edit
  13. ^ Suh, E.; Traber, P. G. (1996). "An intestine-specific homeobox gene regulates proliferation and differentiation". Molecular and cellular biology 16 (2): 619–625. PMC 231041. PMID 8552090. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=231041.  edit
  14. ^ Andreu, P.; Peignon, G. G.; Slomianny, C.; Taketo, M. M.; Colnot, S.; Robine, S.; Lamarque, D.; Laurent-Puig, P. et al. (2008). "A genetic study of the role of the Wnt/β-catenin signalling in Paneth cell differentiation". Developmental Biology 324 (2): 288–296. doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2008.09.027. PMID 18948094.  edit
  15. ^ Fevr, T.; Robine, S.; Louvard, D.; Huelsken, J. (2007). "Wnt/β-Catenin is Essential for Intestinal Homeostasis and Maintenance of Intestinal Stem Cells". Molecular and Cellular Biology 27 (21): 7551–7559. doi:10.1128/MCB.01034-07. PMC 2169070. PMID 17785439. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2169070.  edit
  16. ^ Kim, B. M.; Mao, J.; Taketo, M. M.; Shivdasani, R. A. (2007). "Phases of Canonical Wnt Signaling During the Development of Mouse Intestinal Epithelium". Gastroenterology 133 (2): 529–538. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2007.04.072. PMID 17681174.  edit
  17. ^ Akiyama, J.; Okamoto, R.; Iwasaki, M.; Zheng, X.; Yui, S.; Tsuchiya, K.; Nakamura, T.; Watanabe, M. (2010). "Delta-like 1 expression promotes goblet cell differentiation in Notch-inactivated human colonic epithelial cells". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 393 (4): 662–667. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.02.048. PMID 20170633.  edit
  18. ^ a b Pellegrinet, L.; Rodilla, V.; Liu, Z.; Chen, S.; Koch, U.; Espinosa, L.; Kaestner, K. H.; Kopan, R. et al. (2011). "Dll1- and Dll4-mediated Notch signaling is required for homeostasis of intestinal stem cells". Gastroenterology 140 (4): 1230–1240.e1–7. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2011.01.005. PMC 3066401. PMID 21238454. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3066401.  edit
  19. ^ a b Kwon, M. -C.; Koo, B. -K.; Kim, Y. -Y.; Lee, S. -H.; Kim, N. -S.; Kim, J. -H.; Kong, Y. -Y. (2009). "Essential Role of CR6-interacting Factor 1 (Crif1) in E74-like Factor 3 (ELF3)-mediated Intestinal Development". Journal of Biological Chemistry 284 (48): 33634–33641. doi:10.1074/jbc.M109.059840. PMC 2785205. PMID 19801644. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2785205.  edit
  20. ^ Batlle, E.; Henderson, J. T.; Beghtel, H.; Van Den Born, M. M.; Sancho, E.; Huls, G.; Meeldijk, J.; Robertson, J. et al. (2002). "Beta-catenin and TCF mediate cell positioning in the intestinal epithelium by controlling the expression of EphB/ephrinB". Cell 111 (2): 251–263. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(02)01015-2. PMID 12408869.  edit
  21. ^ Visco, V.; Bava, F. A.; d'Alessandro, F.; Cavallini, M.; Ziparo, V.; Torrisi, M. R. (2009). "Human colon fibroblasts induce differentiation and proliferation of intestinal epithelial cells through the direct paracrine action of keratinocyte growth factor". Journal of Cellular Physiology 220 (1): 204–213. doi:10.1002/jcp.21752. PMID 19326389.  edit
  22. ^ Vidrich, A.; Buzan, J. M.; Brodrick, B.; Ilo, C.; Bradley, L.; Fendig, K. S.; Sturgill, T.; Cohn, S. M. (2009). "Fibroblast growth factor receptor-3 regulates Paneth cell lineage allocation and accrual of epithelial stem cells during murine intestinal development". AJP: Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 297 (1): G168–G178. doi:10.1152/ajpgi.90589.2008. PMC 2711760. PMID 19407216. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2711760.  edit
  23. ^ a b Ye, D. Z.; Kaestner, K. H. (2009). "Foxa1 and Foxa2 Control the Differentiation of Goblet and Enteroendocrine L- and D-Cells in Mice". Gastroenterology 137 (6): 2052–2062. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2009.08.059. PMC 2789913. PMID 19737569. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2789913.  edit
  24. ^ Van Es, J. H.; Jay, P.; Gregorieff, A.; Van Gijn, M. E.; Jonkheer, S.; Hatzis, P.; Thiele, A.; Van Den Born, M. et al. (2005). "Wnt signalling induces maturation of Paneth cells in intestinal crypts". Nature Cell Biology 7 (4): 381–386. doi:10.1038/ncb1240. PMID 15778706.  edit
  25. ^ Beuling, E.; Baffour–Awuah, N. Y. A.; Stapleton, K. A.; Aronson, B. E.; Noah, T. K.; Shroyer, N. F.; Duncan, S. A.; Fleet, J. C. et al. (2011). "GATA Factors Regulate Proliferation, Differentiation, and Gene Expression in Small Intestine of Mature Mice". Gastroenterology 140 (4): 1219–1229.e1–2. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2011.01.033. PMID 21262227.  edit
  26. ^ Bosse, T.; Piaseckyj, C. M.; Burghard, E.; Fialkovich, J. J.; Rajagopal, S.; Pu, W. T.; Krasinski, S. D. (2006). "Gata4 is Essential for the Maintenance of Jejunal-Ileal Identities in the Adult Mouse Small Intestine". Molecular and Cellular Biology 26 (23): 9060–9070. doi:10.1128/MCB.00124-06. PMC 1636804. PMID 16940177. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1636804.  edit
  27. ^ Battle, M. A.; Bondow, B. J.; Iverson, M. A.; Adams, S. J.; Jandacek, R. J.; Tso, P.; Duncan, S. A. (2008). "GATA4 is essential for jejunal function in mice". Gastroenterology 135 (5): 1676–1686.e1. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2008.07.074. PMC 2844802. PMID 18812176. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2844802.  edit
  28. ^ Shroyer, N. F.; Wallis, D.; Venken, K. J.; Bellen, H. J.; Zoghbi, H. Y. (2005). "Gfi1 functions downstream of Math1 to control intestinal secretory cell subtype allocation and differentiation". Genes & Development 19 (20): 2412–2417. doi:10.1101/gad.1353905. PMC 1257395. PMID 16230531. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1257395.  edit
  29. ^ Madsen, O. D.; Jensen, J.; Pedersen, E. E.; Galante, P.; Hald, J.; Heller, R. S.; Ishibashi, M.; Kageyama, R. et al. (2000). "Control of endodermal endocrine development by Hes-1". Nature Genetics 24 (1): 36–44. doi:10.1038/71657. PMID 10615124.  edit
  30. ^ a b Benoit, Y. D.; Pare, F.; Francoeur, C.; Jean, D.; Tremblay, E.; Boudreau, F.; Escaffit, F.; Beaulieu, J. -F. (2010). "Cooperation between HNF-1α, Cdx2, and GATA-4 in initiating an enterocytic differentiation program in a normal human intestinal epithelial progenitor cell line". AJP: Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 298 (4): G504–G517. doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00265.2009. PMC 2907224. PMID 20133952. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2907224.  edit
  31. ^ a b d'Angelo, A.; Bluteau, O.; Garcia-Gonzalez, M. A.; Gresh, L.; Doyen, A.; Garbay, S.; Robine, S.; Pontoglio, M. (2010). "Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1  and   control terminal differentiation and cell fate commitment in the gut epithelium". Development 137 (9): 1573–1582. doi:10.1242/dev.044420. PMID 20388655.  edit
  32. ^ Van Den Brink, G. R.; Bleuming, S. A.; Hardwick, J. C. H.; Schepman, B. L.; Offerhaus, G. J.; Keller, J. J.; Nielsen, C.; Gaffield, W. et al. (2004). "Indian Hedgehog is an antagonist of Wnt signaling in colonic epithelial cell differentiation". Nature Genetics 36 (3): 277–282. doi:10.1038/ng1304. PMID 14770182.  edit
  33. ^ Ghaleb, A. M.; McConnell, B. B.; Kaestner, K. H.; Yang, V. W. (2011). "Altered Intestinal Epithelial Homeostasis in Mice with Intestine-Specific Deletion of the Krüppel-Like Factor 4 Gene". Developmental Biology 349 (2): 310–320. doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2010.11.001. PMC 3022386. PMID 21070761. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3022386.  edit
  34. ^ Katz, J. P.; Perreault, N.; Goldstein, B. G.; Lee, C. S.; Labosky, P. A.; Yang, V. W.; Kaestner, K. H. (2002). "The zinc-finger transcription factor Klf4 is required for terminal differentiation of goblet cells in the colon". Development (Cambridge, England) 129 (11): 2619–2628. PMC 2225535. PMID 12015290. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2225535.  edit
  35. ^ Mustata RC, Van Loy T, Lefort A, Libert F, Strollo S, Vassart G, Garcia MI. Lgr4 is required for Paneth cell differentiation and maintenance of intestinal stem cells ex vivo. EMBO Rep. 2011 Jun;12(6):558-64.
  36. ^ Glinka A, Dolde C, Kirsch N, Huang YL, Kazanskaya O, Ingelfinger D, Boutros M, Cruciat CM, Niehrs C. LGR4 and LGR5 are R-spondin receptors mediating Wnt/β-catenin and Wnt/PCP signalling. EMBO Rep. 2011 Sep 30;12(10):1055-61.
  37. ^ Garcia MI, Ghiani M, Lefort A, Libert F, Strollo S, Vassart G. LGR5 deficiency deregulates Wnt signaling and leads to precocious Paneth cell differentiation in the fetal intestine. Dev Biol. 2009 Jul 1;331(1):58-67.
  38. ^ de Lau W, Barker N, Low TY, Koo BK, Li VS, Teunissen H, Kujala P, Haegebarth A, Peters PJ, van de Wetering M, Stange DE, van Es JE, Guardavaccaro D, Schasfoort RB, Mohri Y, Nishimori K, Mohammed S, Heck AJ, Clevers H. Lgr5 homologues associate with Wnt receptors and mediate R-spondin signalling. Nature. 2011 Jul 4;476(7360):293-7.
  39. ^ Garg P, Ravi A, Patel NR, Roman J, Gewirtz AT, Merlin D, Sitaraman SV. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 regulates MUC-2 expression through its effect on goblet cell differentiation. Gastroenterology. 2007 May;132(5):1877-89. Epub 2007 Feb 23.
  40. ^ Murayama M, Okamoto R, Tsuchiya K, Akiyama J, Nakamura T, Sakamoto N, Kanai T, Watanabe M. Musashi-1 suppresses expression of Paneth cell-specific genes in human intestinal epithelial cells. J Gastroenterol. 2009;44(3):173-82. Epub 2009 Feb 13.
  41. ^ Papetti M, Augenlicht LH. MYBL2, a link between proliferation and differentiation in maturing colon epithelial cells. J Cell Physiol. 2011 Mar;226(3):785-91
  42. ^ Benoit YD, Paré F, Francoeur C, Jean D, Tremblay E, Boudreau F, Escaffit F, Beaulieu JF. Cooperation between HNF-1alpha, Cdx2, and GATA-4 in initiating an enterocytic differentiation program in a normal human intestinal epithelial progenitor cell line. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2010 Apr;298(4):G504-17. Epub 2010 Feb 4.
  43. ^ Muncan V, Sansom OJ, Tertoolen L, Phesse TJ, Begthel H, Sancho E, Cole AM, Gregorieff A, de Alboran IM, Clevers H, Clarke AR. Rapid loss of intestinal crypts upon conditional deletion of the Wnt/Tcf-4 target gene c-Myc. Mol Cell Biol. 2006 Nov;26(22):8418-26. Epub 2006 Sep 5.
  44. ^ Desai S, Loomis Z, Pugh-Bernard A, Schrunk J, Doyle MJ, Minic A, McCoy E, Sussel L. Nkx2.2 regulates cell fate choice in the enteroendocrine cell lineages of the intestine. Dev Biol. 2008 Jan 1;313(1):58-66. Epub 2007 Oct 3.
  45. ^ Schonhoff SE, Giel-Moloney M, Leiter AB. Minireview: Development and differentiation of gut endocrine cells. Endocrinology. 2004 Jun;145(6):2639-44. Epub 2004 Mar 24.
  46. ^ López-Díaz L, Jain RN, Keeley TM, VanDussen KL, Brunkan CS, Gumucio DL, Samuelson LC. Intestinal Neurogenin 3 directs differentiation of a bipotential secretory progenitor to endocrine cell rather than goblet cell fate. Dev Biol. 2007 Sep 15;309(2):298-305. Epub 2007 Jul 24.
  47. ^ Jenny M, Uhl C, Roche C, Duluc I, Guillermin V, Guillemot F, Jensen J, Kedinger M, Gradwohl G. Neurogenin3 is differentially required for endocrine cell fate specification in the intestinal and gastric epithelium. EMBO J. 2002 Dec 2;21(23):6338-47.
  48. ^ Desai S, Loomis Z, Pugh-Bernard A, Schrunk J, Doyle MJ, Minic A, McCoy E, Sussel L. Nkx2.2 regulates cell fate choice in the enteroendocrine cell lineages of the intestine. Dev Biol. 2008 Jan 1;313(1):58-66. Epub 2007 Oct 3.
  49. ^ Fre S, Huyghe M, Mourikis P, Robine S, Louvard D, Artavanis-Tsakonas S. Notch signals control the fate of immature progenitor cells in the intestine. Nature. 2005 Jun 16;435(7044):964-8.
  50. ^ Riccio O, van Gijn ME, Bezdek AC, Pellegrinet L, van Es JH, Zimber-Strobl U, Strobl LJ, Honjo T, Clevers H, Radtke F. Loss of intestinal crypt progenitor cells owing to inactivation of both Notch1 and Notch2 is accompanied by derepression of CDK inhibitors p27Kip1 and p57Kip2. EMBO Rep. 2008 Apr;9(4):377-83. Epub 2008 Feb 15.
  51. ^ Fre S, Huyghe M, Mourikis P, Robine S, Louvard D, Artavanis-Tsakonas S. Notch signals control the fate of immature progenitor cells in the intestine. Nature. 2005 Jun 16;435(7044):964-8.
  52. ^ Riccio O, van Gijn ME, Bezdek AC, Pellegrinet L, van Es JH, Zimber-Strobl U, Strobl LJ, Honjo T, Clevers H, Radtke F. Loss of intestinal crypt progenitor cells owing to inactivation of both Notch1 and Notch2 is accompanied by derepression of CDK inhibitors p27Kip1 and p57Kip2. EMBO Rep. 2008 Apr;9(4):377-83. Epub 2008 Feb 15.
  53. ^ Coant N, Ben Mkaddem S, Pedruzzi E, Guichard C, Tréton X, Ducroc R, Freund JN, Cazals-Hatem D, Bouhnik Y, Woerther PL, Skurnik D, Grodet A, Fay M, Biard D, Lesuffleur T, Deffert C, Moreau R, Groyer A, Krause KH, Daniel F, Ogier-Denis E. NADPH oxidase 1 modulates WNT and NOTCH1 signaling to control the fate of proliferative progenitor cells in the colon. Mol Cell Biol. 2010 Jun;30(11):2636-50. Epub 2010 Mar 29.
  54. ^ Desai S, Loomis Z, Pugh-Bernard A, Schrunk J, Doyle MJ, Minic A, McCoy E, Sussel L. Nkx2.2 regulates cell fate choice in the enteroendocrine cell lineages of the intestine. Dev Biol. 2008 Jan 1;313(1):58-66. Epub 2007 Oct 3.
  55. ^ Hill ME, Asa SL, Drucker DJ. Essential requirement for Pax6 in control of enteroendocrine proglucagon gene transcription. Mol Endocrinol. 1999 Sep;13(9):1474-86.
  56. ^ Yamada S, Kojima H, Fujimiya M, Nakamura T, Kashiwagi A, Kikkawa R. Differentiation of immature enterocytes into enteroendocrine cells by Pdx1 overexpression. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2001 Jul;281(1):G229-36.
  57. ^ Chen C, Fang R, Davis C, Maravelias C, Sibley E. Pdx1 inactivation restricted to the intestinal epithelium in mice alters duodenal gene expression in enterocytes and enteroendocrine cells. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2009 Dec;297(6):G1126-37. Epub 2009 Oct 1.
  58. ^ Varnat F, Heggeler BB, Grisel P, Boucard N, Corthésy-Theulaz I, Wahli W, Desvergne B. PPARbeta/delta regulates paneth cell differentiation via controlling the hedgehog signaling pathway. Gastroenterology. 2006 Aug;131(2):538-53.
  59. ^ Haegebarth A, Bie W, Yang R, Crawford SE, Vasioukhin V, Fuchs E, Tyner AL. Protein tyrosine kinase 6 negatively regulates growth and promotes enterocyte differentiation in the small intestine. Mol Cell Biol. 2006 Jul;26(13):4949-57.
  60. ^ Guo J, Longshore S, Nair R, Warner BW. Retinoblastoma protein (pRb), but not p107 or p130, is required for maintenance of enterocyte quiescence and differentiation in small intestine. J Biol Chem. 2009 Jan 2;284(1):134-40. Epub 2008 Nov 3.
  61. ^ van Es JH, van Gijn ME, Riccio O, van den Born M, Vooijs M, Begthel H, Cozijnsen M, Robine S, Winton DJ, Radtke F, Clevers H. Notch/gamma-secretase inhibition turns proliferative cells in intestinal crypts and adenomas into goblet cells. Nature. 2005 Jun 16;435(7044):959-63.
  62. ^ Bastide P, Darido C, Pannequin J, Kist R, Robine S, Marty-Double C, Bibeau F, Scherer G, Joubert D, Hollande F, Blache P, Jay P. Sox9 regulates cell proliferation and is required for Paneth cell differentiation in the intestinal epithelium. J Cell Biol. 2007 Aug 13;178(4):635-48.
  63. ^ Mori-Akiyama Y, van den Born M, van Es JH, Hamilton SR, Adams HP, Zhang J, Clevers H, de Crombrugghe B. SOX9 is required for the differentiation of paneth cells in the intestinal epithelium. Gastroenterology. 2007 Aug;133(2):539-46. Epub 2007 May 21.
  64. ^ Noah TK, Kazanjian A, Whitsett J, Shroyer NF. SAM pointed domain ETS factor (SPDEF) regulates terminal differentiation and maturation of intestinal goblet cells. Exp Cell Res. 2010 Feb 1;316(3):452-65. Epub 2009 Sep 26.
  65. ^ Gregorieff A, Stange DE, Kujala P, Begthel H, van den Born M, Korving J, Peters PJ, Clevers H. The ets-domain transcription factor Spdef promotes maturation of goblet and paneth cells in the intestinal epithelium. Gastroenterology. 2009 Oct;137(4):1333-45.e1-3. Epub 2009 Jun 21.
  66. ^ Shorning BY, Zabkiewicz J, McCarthy A, Pearson HB, Winton DJ, Sansom OJ, Ashworth A, Clarke AR. Lkb1 deficiency alters goblet and paneth cell differentiation in the small intestine. PLoS One. 2009;4(1):e4264. Epub 2009 Jan 23.
  67. ^ Flentjar N, Chu PY, Ng AY, Johnstone CN, Heath JK, Ernst M, Hertzog PJ, Pritchard MA. TGF-betaRII rescues development of small intestinal epithelial cells in Elf3-deficient mice. Gastroenterology. 2007 Apr;132(4):1410-9. Epub 2007 Feb 25.
  68. ^ Liu JY, Seno H, Miletic AV, Mills JC, Swat W, Stappenbeck TS. Vav proteins are necessary for correct differentiation of mouse cecal and colonic enterocytes. J Cell Sci. 2009 Feb 1;122(Pt 3):324-34. Epub 2009 Jan 12.