| Quarters and Districts of Lower Austria | |
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Waldviertel Weinviertel |
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Industrieviertel (English: Industrial Quarter), or Viertel unter dem Wienerwald, is the southeastern quarter of the four quarters of Lower Austria (the northeast state of the 9 states in Austria). It is bordered on the north by Vienna and to the west and south by the borders of Mostviertel and Styria respectively. The Vienna Woods (Wienerwald) forms the natural border to the west, and hence the alternate name as "Quarter below the Wienerwald".
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The Industieviertel is made up of the following districts:
Geographically, the Industieviertel is characterized by the level of the stone, with its brown earth soils on tertiary Molasse, like the Vienna Basin rests on Tschernosem soils. The landscape in the area of the Vienna Basin is composed of vast agricultural areas, industrial areas and vineyards, the spa line. In Steinfeld is found, on brown earth soils, vast pine forests that were created under Empress Maria Theresa, to prevent the desertification of the arid landscape. On the slopes of the Wienerwald are formed different forest types, depending on the climatic conditions. In the east, the view extends to the horizon, the so-called "gates" that Wienerneustadt gate, which Brucker Hainburger gate and gate to separate the Rosaliengebirge and Leitha Mountains, the Hundsheim and the Little Carpathian Mountains. Simultaneously, with the installation of the pine woods in Steinfeld, have been used for rosin production during 1761 - 1765, straight on the road between the towns of Wiener Neustadt and Neunkirchen, the so-called Neunkirchner Avenue, started by Joseph Liesganig with the geodetic surveying of the entire monarchy at that time.
The annual mean temperature range, depending on the location, is from 11 °C (52 °F) to 4 °C (39 °F). For example, for Wiener Neustadt (280 metres or 920 feet), the annual mean temperature is around 10.3 °C (50.5 °F), with approximately 630 millimetres (25 in) of precipitation, snow cover nearly 40 days to about 95 days of frost and sunshine around 1900 hours, in contrast to the Semmering with an annual average of about 5.5 °C (41.9 °F), a rainfall of about 970 millimetres (38 in), a snow cover of about 150 days, about 150 frost days and approximately 1500 hours of sunshine.
The name comes from the industrial area of early industrialization, which was already in 1783 in the Vienna Woods neighborhood, the focus of the economy. Because of its favorable location factors, such as proximity to raw material collected from wood, iron and coal, and hydroelectric energy sources, and wood, plus the sales-market of the nearby city of Vienna, industries increased here. From the two world wars, the industrial district was severely affected. After the Second World War, it was in the Soviet zone of occupation. Thus, the Soviets confiscated belongings of the USIA holdings company and installed some machinery and entire plants completely, in order to build up in the Soviet Union again. There are still a number of industries located here. Especially along the thermal line, after 1955, many small and large industrial centers were built as the industrial center south of Lower Eco Plus. Establishments in the city of Vienna were among the first that moved into this area. This meant that the district of Mödling, although the smallest district in the state, has the highest tax base in Austria.
The size of Industrieviertel is 4,186 square kilometres (1,616 sq mi), or 21.8% of the area of Lower Austria, as a permanent settlement. However, there are only 2,008 square kilometres (775 sq mi) available, which is 48% of the area of Industrieviertel.