Indian National Congress breakaway parties

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Since India gained independence in 1947, the Indian National Congress (INC) has seen a steady number of splits and breakaway factions. Some of the breakaway organizations have thrived as independent parties, some have become defunct, while others have merged with the parent party or other political parties.

List of breakaway parties

Year Party Leader Region Status
1947 All India Forward Bloc[1] Sardul Singh Caveeshar
Sheel Bhadra YageeSubhas Chandra Bose		 Pan India active
1951 Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party[2] Jivatram Kripalani Mysore state
Madras state
Delhi
Vindhya Pradesh		 defunct
merged with Praja Socialist Party
1951 Hyderabad State Praja Party Tanguturi Prakasam
N. G. Ranga		 Hyderabad State defunct
merged with Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party
1956 Indian National Democratic Congress[3] C. Rajagopalachari Madras State defunct
merged with Swatantra Party
1959 Swatantra Party[4] C. Rajagopalachari
N. G. Ranga		 Bihar
Rajasthan
Gujarat
Orissa		 defunct
merged with Janata Party
1964 Kerala Congress[5] K. M. George (politician) Kerala active as the original party (sometimes informally called Kerala Congress (Joseph)) and as various factions which have split off from it such as Kerala Congress (M), Kerala Congress (B), Kerala Congress (Jacob), Kerala Congress (Thomas), Kerala Congress (Secular) (defunct), Kerala Congress (Socialist) (defunct)
1966 Orissa Jana Congress Harekrushna Mahatab Orissa defunct
merged with Janata Party
1967 Bharatiya Kranti Dal[6] Charan Singh Uttar Pradesh defunct
merged with Janata Party
1967 Bangla Congress Ajoy Mukherjee West Bengal defunct
merged with Janata Party
1968 Manipur Peoples Party[7] Mohammed Alimuddin Manipur active
1969 Indian National Congress (Organisation)[8] K. Kamaraj
Morarji Desai		 Pan India defunct
merged with Janata Party
1969 Utkal Congress Biju Patnaik Orissa defunct
merged with Janata Party
1969 Telangana Praja Samithi Marri Chenna Reddy Andhra Pradesh defunct
merged with INC
1977 Congress for Democracy[9] Jagjivan Ram Pan India defunct
merged with Janata party
1978 Indian National Congress (Urs)[10] D. Devaraj Urs Karnataka
Kerala
Maharashtra
Goa		 defunct
1981 Indian National Congress (Socialist)[10] Sharad Pawar Karnataka
Kerala
Maharashtra
Goa		 defunct
merged with INC
1981 Indian National Congress (Jagjivan)[10][10] Jagjivan Ram Bihar defunct
1984 Indian Congress (Socialist) - Sarat Chandra Sinha[11] Sarat Chandra Sinha Assam defunct
merged with Nationalist Congress Party
1986 Rashtriya Samajwadi Congress Pranab Mukherjee West Bengal defunct
merged with INC
1988 Thamizhaga Munnetra Munnani[12] Sivaji Ganesan Tamil Nadu defunct
merged with Janata Dal
1994 All India Indira Congress (Tiwari)[13] Narayan Dutt Tiwari
Arjun Singh
K. Natwar Singh		 Uttar Pradesh defunct
merged with INC
1994 Karnataka Congress Party Bangarappa Karnataka defunct
merged with INC
1996 Karnataka Vikas Party Bangarappa Karnataka defunct
merged with INC
1996 Arunachal Congress Gegong Apang Arunachal Pradesh defunct
merged with INC
1996 Tamil Maanila Congress[14] G. K. Moopanar Tamil Nadu defunct
merged with INC
1996 Madhya Pradesh Vikas Congress Madhavrao Scindia Madhya Pradesh defunct
merged with INC
1997 All India Trinamool Congress Mamata Banerjee West Bengal active
in alliance with INC
1997 Tamil Nadu Makkal Congress Vazhapadi Ramamurthy Tamil Nadu defunct
1998 Goa Rajiv Congress Party Francis de Souza Goa defunct
merged with Nationalist Congress Party
1998 Arunachal Congress (Mithi) Mukut Mithi Arunachal Pradesh defunct
merged with INC
1998 All India Indira Congress (Secular)[15] Sis Ram Ola Rajasthan defunct
merged with INC
1998 Maharashtra Vikas Aghadi[16] Suresh Kalmadi Maharashtra defunct
merged with INC
1999 Bharatiya Jan Congress Jagannath Mishra Bihar defunct
merged with Nationalist Congress Party
1999 Nationalist Congress Party Sharad Pawar
P.A. Sangma
Tariq Anwar		 Maharashtra
Meghalaya
Bihar		 active
in alliance with INC
2000 Goa People's Congress Francisco Sardinha Goa defunct
merged with INC
2001 Congress Jananayaka Peravai P. Chidambaram Tamil Nadu defunct
merged with INC
2001 Thondar Congress Kumari Ananthan Tamil Nadu defunct
merged with INC
2001 Pondicherry Makkal Congress P. Kannan Pondicherry defunct
2002 Vidarbha Janata Congress Jambuwantrao Dhote Maharashtra active
2002 Indian National Congress (Sheik Hassan) Sheik Hassan Goa defunct
merged with Bharatiya Janata Party
2003 Congress (Dolo) Kameng Dolo Arunachal Pradesh defunct
merged with Bharatiya Janata Party
2005 Pondicherry Munnetra Congress P.Kannan Pondicherry defunct
merged with INC
2005 Democratic Indira Congress (Karunakaran)[17] K. Karunakaran Kerala defunct
merged with Nationalist Congress Party and a large number of workers returned to the INC with K. Karunakaran later his son K. Muraleedharan also returned to INC
2007 Haryana Janhit Congress (BL) Bhajan Lal Haryana active
Congress (A) A. K. Antony Kerala defunct
merged with INC
Himachal Vikas Congress Sukh Ram Himachal Pradesh defunct
merged with INC
Haryana Vikas Party Bansi Lal Haryana defunct
merged with INC
Manipur State Congress Party[18] Wahengbam Nipamacha Singh Manipur defunct
merged with RJD
Tamizhaga Rajiv Congress Vazhapadi Ramamurthy Tamil Nadu defunct
merged with INC
All India Rajiv Krantikari Congress status unknown
Bharatiya Rajiv Congress status unknown
Gujarat State Janta Congress defunct
merged with NCP
2009 Pragatisheel Indira Congress (PIC) Somendra Nath Mitra West Bengal defunct
merged with All India Trinamool Congress
2011 YSR Congress Party Y. S. Jaganmohan Reddy Andhra Pradesh active
2011 All India N.R Congress N. Rangaswamy Pondicherry active

References

  1. ^ Ghosh, Asok (ed.), A Short History of the All India Forward Bloc. Kolkata: Bengal Lokmat Printers Pvt Ltd., 2001. p. 55
  2. ^ Amit Mukherjee (2004-04-03). "The case of the missing socialists". Times of India. http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/597558.cms. Retrieved 2009-10-25. 
  3. ^ Bose, K.; Forward Bloc. Madras: 1988, Tamil Nadu Academy of Political Science. p. 94-95, 119, 175-184, 212
  4. ^ Rajmohan Gandhi. "'Its tone being liberal as well as conservative, Swatantra reached out to moderate Hindus and non-Hindus in ways not available to the Jan Sangh'". Rediff. http://www.rediff.com/news/oct/31raj2.htm. Retrieved 2009-10-25. 
  5. ^ "P. T. Chacko, Pullolil". http://cs.nyu.edu/kandathi/p_t_chacko.html. 
  6. ^ Wallace, Paul. India: The Dispersion of Political Power Paul Wallace, in Asian Survey, Vol. 8, No. 2, A Survey of Asia in 1967: Part II. (Feb., 1968), pp. 87-96.
  7. ^ Ksh Kennedy Singh (2009-01-25). "The MPP and the People of Manipur". Manipuronline.com. http://www.manipuronline.com/Profiles/mppjan25.htm. Retrieved 2009-10-25. 
  8. ^ Chandra, Bipan & others (2000). India after Independence 1947-2000, New Delhi:Penguin Books, ISBN 0-14-027825-7, p.236
  9. ^ G. G. Mirchandani (2003). 320 Million Judges. Abhinav Publications. pp. 90–100. ISBN 8170170613. 
  10. ^ a b c d Andersen, Walter K.. India in 1981: Stronger Political Authority and Social Tension, published in Asian Survey, Vol. 22, No. 2, A Survey of Asia in 1981: Part II (Feb., 1982), pp. 119-135
  11. ^ "Spotlight: Merger with NCP". The Tribune. 1999-06-11. http://www.tribuneindia.com/1999/99jun11/spotlite.htm. Retrieved 2009-10-25. 
  12. ^ Ashok Kumar (2006-04-05). "From MGR to Vijaykant, the film-politics nexus continues". Chennai, India: The Hindu. http://www.hindu.com/2006/04/05/stories/2006040518720200.htm. Retrieved 2009-10-25. 
  13. ^ Bhavdeep Kang (2004-04-03). "A Sleight Of Hand". Outlook India. http://www.outlookindia.com/article.aspx?200901. Retrieved 2009-10-25. 
  14. ^ T.S. Subramanian (2001-09-15). "Crusading Congressman". The Hindu. http://www.hinduonnet.com/fline/fl1819/18191180.htm. Retrieved 2009-10-25. 
  15. ^ "MEMBERS OF XII LOK SABHA". Parliament of India. http://parliamentofindia.nic.in/ls/lok12/party/12ls50.htm. Retrieved 2009-10-27. 
  16. ^ "Pune set for triangular fight". Chennai, India: The Hindu. 2004-04-05. http://www.hindu.com/2004/04/05/stories/2004040508740500.htm. Retrieved 2010-11-12. 
  17. ^ "Karunakaran's party gets new name". Chennai, India: The Hindu. 2005-09-01. http://www.hindu.com/2005/09/01/stories/2005090108900400.htm. Retrieved 2009-10-25. 
  18. ^ Kalyan Chaudhuri (2002-02-02). "A fractured verdict in Manipur". The Hindu. http://www.hinduonnet.com/fline/fl1905/19050150.htm. Retrieved 2009-10-27. 

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