Hyracodon

Hyracodon
Temporal range: Middle Eocene–Late Oligocene
Skull
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Perissodactyla
Family: †Hyracodontidae
Subfamily: Hyracodontinae
Genus: Hyracodon[1]
Leidy, 1856
Species
  • †H. browni
  • †H. leidyanus
  • †H. medius
  • †H. nebraskensis
  • †H. petersoni

Hyracodon ('hyrax tooth') is an extinct genus of mammal.

It was a lightly built, pony-like mammal of about 1.5 m (5 ft) long. Hyracodon's skull was large in comparison to the rest of the body. Hyracodon's dentition resembled that of later rhinoceroses, but it was a much smaller animal and differed very little in appearance from the primitive horses of which it was a contemporary (32-26 million years ago). It had a short, broad snout and its long, slender limbs had three digits.[2]

Like the primitive horses, hyracodonts inhabited open forests and wooded steppes and turned from brosing foliage to grazing grass. They died out without leaving any descendants and they mark the end of the phylogenetic branch of hornless, running rhinoceroses.

This small, fast-running creature was a close relative of the largest land mammal that ever lived, the 8 m (26 ft) tall Paraceratherium.

References

  1. ^ McKenna, M. C, and S. K. Bell (1997). Classification of Mammals Above the Species Level. Columbia University Press. ISBN 023111012X. 
  2. ^ Palmer, D., ed (1999). The Marshall Illustrated Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs and Prehistoric Animals. London: Marshall Editions. pp. 283–284. ISBN 1-84028-152-9.