| Diatrizoic acid | |
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3,5-bis(acetylamino)-2,4,6-triiodobenzoic acid |
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| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | 737-31-5 |
| PubChem | 2140 |
| ChemSpider | 2055 |
| DrugBank | DB00271 |
| KEGG | D02240 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:53691 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL1201220 |
| ATC code | V08 |
| Jmol-3D images | Image 1 Image 2 |
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| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | C11H9I3N2O4 |
| Molar mass | 613.91 g mol−1 |
| (verify) (what is: /?) Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) |
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| Infobox references | |
Diatrizoic acid (or its anionic form, diatrizoate), also known as amidotrizoic acid, or 3,5-diacetamido-2,4,6-triiodobenzoic acid, is a radiocontrast agent containing iodine. Trade names include Hypaque, Gastrografin and Urografin, the latter being a combination of the sodium and meglumine salts.
Diatrizoate is considered a high-osmolality contrast agent. Its osmolality ranges from approximately 1500 mOsm/kg (50% solution)[1] to over 2000 mOsm/kg (76% solution).[2]
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Diatrizoic acid may be used as an alternative to barium sulfate for medical imaging of the gastrointestinal tract. It is indicated for use in patients who are allergic to barium, or in cases where the barium might leak into the abdominal cavity. It does not coat the stomach/bowel lining as well as barium, thus it is not used commonly for this purpose.
Under the trade name Urografin it is used for intravenous pyelography.
It is also used to kill tapeworms.[3][4]
A history of sensitivity to iodine is not a contraindication to using diatrizoate, although it suggests caution in use of the agent. In this case, a regimen of oral or intravenous corticosteroids may be given as prophylaxis, or an alternative such as barium sulfate may be preferable.
Gastrografin is contraindicated to use along with certain medications that can cause lactic acidosis, such as metformin. Concurrent use may lead to renal failure and lactic acidosis, and a clinician may need to space the agents apart over a number of days to prevent an interaction. [5]
Gastrografin is a hypertonic solution, and therefore it should be avoided in imaging studies of the upper gastrointestinal tract in patients who are at risk of aspiration, as it will cause prompt pulmonary edema if accidentally introduced into the tracheobronchial tree.
Also it may cause inflammation of the subarachnoid space if used in myelography.
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