Hook (diacritic)

For other meanings of hook, see Hook (disambiguation).
 ̡
Hook
Diacritics
accent
acute, apex( ´ )
double acute( ˝ )
grave( ` )
double grave(  ̏ )
breve( ˘ )
inverted breve(  ̑ )
caron / háček( ˇ )
cedilla / cédille( ¸ )
diaeresis, umlaut( ¨ )
circumflex / vokáň( ˆ )
dot( · )
hook(  ̡  ̢ )
hook above / dấu hỏi(  ̉ )
horn / dấu móc(  ̛ )
macron, macron below( ¯  ̱ )
ogonek / nosinė( ˛ )
ring / kroužek( ˚, ˳ )
rough breathing / dasia( ῾ )
sicilicus(  ͗ )
smooth breathing / psili( ᾿ )
Marks sometimes used as diacritics
apostrophe( ’ )
bar( | )
colon( : )
comma( , )
hyphen( ˗ )
tilde( ~ )
titlo(  ҃ )
Diacritical marks in other scripts
Arabic diacritics
Greek diacritics
Gurmukhi diacritics
Hebrew diacritics
Indic diacritics
anusvara( ं ং ം )
chandrabindu( ँ ఁ )
nukta( ़ )
virama( ् ് ్ ් ್ )
IPA diacritics
Japanese diacritics
dakuten( ﾞ )
handakuten( ﾟ )
Khmer diacritics
Syriac diacritics
Thai diacritics
Related
Punctuation marks
Ɓ ɓ
Ƈ ƈ
Ɗ ɗ
Ƒ ƒ
Ɠ ɠ
ɦ
Ƙ ƙ
Ɱ ɱ
Ƥ ƥ
Ƭ ƭ
Ⱳ ⱳ
Ƴ ƴ
Ȥ ȥ

In typesetting, the hook or tail is a diacritic mark attached to letters in many alphabets. In shape it looks like a hook and it can be attached below as a descender, on top as an ascender and sometimes to the side. The orientation of the hook can change its meaning: when it is below and curls to the left it can be interpreted as a palatal hook, and when it curls to the right is called hook tail or tail and can be interpreted as a retroflex hook. It should not be mistaken with the hook above, a diacritical mark used in Vietnamese, or the rhotic hook, used in the International Phonetic Alphabet.

Contents

Letters with hook

It could be argued that the hook was used to derive the letter J from the letter I, or the letter Eng (ŋ) from the letter N, however these letters are usually not identified as being formed with the hook.

Most letters with hook are used in the International phonetic alphabet, and many languages use them (along with capitals) representing the same sounds.

The hook often attaches to the top part of the letter, sometimes replacing the ascender.

If it attaches to the bottom part of the letter, it can curl to the left (and could be a palatal hook), or to the right (and could be a retroflex hook).

Latin alphabet
Letter Name Hook position
Ɓ ɓ B with hook top
Ƈ ƈ C with hook top
Ɗ ɗ D with hook top
Ɖ ɖ D with tail or African D bottom
Ƒ ƒ F with hook bottom
Ɠ ɠ G with hook top
ɦ H with hook top
Ꜧ ꜧ Heng bottom right
Ƙ ƙ K with hook top
Ɱ ɱ M with hook bottom
Ɲ ɲ N with left hook bottom
Ƥ ƥ P with hook top
Ɋ ɋ Q with hook tail bottom
Ɽ ɽ R with tail bottom left
Ƭ ƭ T with hook top
Ʈ ʈ T with retroflex hook bottom
Ʋ ʋ V with hook or script V top
Ⱳ ⱳ W with hook top right
Ƴ ƴ Y with hook top right
Ȥ ȥ Z with hook bottom
Cyrillic alphabet
Ӄ ӄ Ka with hook bottom right
Ӈ ӈ En with hook bottom right
Ӽ ӽ Ha with hook bottom right
Ԓ ԓ El with hook bottom right

Unicode

Unicode has the combining diacritics U+0321  ̡  combining palatized hook below (HTML: ̡ ) and U+0322  ̢  combining retroflex hook below (HTML: ̢ ) but these are not recommended to be used with letters, and should be used to illustrate the hooks themselves. Instead Unicode recommends the use of characters that already include the hook.

See also

External links

Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Oo Pp Qq Rr Ss Tt Uu Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz
Letters using hook sign ( ◌̉ )
Ɓɓ Ƈƈ Ɗɗ Ƒƒ Ɠɠ ɦ Ƙƙ Ɱɱ Ɲɲ Ƥƥ ʠ Ƭƭ Ʋʋ ⱱ Ⱳⱳ Ƴƴ
Related