Haplogroup L4a (mtDNA)

Haplogroup L4a
Possible time of origin
Possible place of origin Africa
Ancestor L4
Descendants L4a
Defining mutations 195C, 3357, 5460, 10373, 11253, 11344, 11485, 12414, 13174, 14302, 16260

In human genetics, Haplogroup L4a is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup. It is a small African haplogroup.[1] It was once called L7 and considered its own branch of L. It was determined to be a subclade of L4 and renamed L4a by Behar et al. in The dawn of human matrilineal diversity.[2]

Contents

Origin

Distribution

Tree

This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup L4a subclades is based on the paper by Mannis van Oven and Manfred Kayser Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation[3] and subsequent published research.

See also

Evolutionary tree of Human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups
  Mitochondrial Eve (L)    
L0 L1-6
L1 L2 L3   L4 L5 L6
  M N  
CZ D E G Q   A S   R   I W X Y
C Z B F R0   pre-JT P  U
HV JT K
H V J T

References

  1. ^ Haplogroups L7.
  2. ^ Behar, M.; Villems, R.; Soodyall, H.; Blue-Smith, J.; Pereira, L.; Metspalu, E.; Scozzari, R.; Makkan, H. et al. (May 2008). "The Dawn of Human Matrilineal Diversity". American journal of human genetics 82 (5): 1130–1140. doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2008.04.002. ISSN 0002-9297. PMC 2427203. PMID 18439549. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2427203.  edit
  3. ^ Van Oven, Mannis; Kayser, Manfred (February 2009). "Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation". Human Mutation 30 (2): E386–94. doi:10.1002/humu.20921. PMID 18853457. |title=Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation|journal=Human Mutation|date=13 Oct 2008|first=Mannis|last=van Oven|coauthors=Manfred Kayser|volume=30|issue=2|pages=E386–E394|pmid=18853457 doi:10.1002/humu.20921|url=http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/121449735/abstract?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0|format=|accessdate=2009-05-20 }}

External links